Aortic root cannula

Abstract

A cannula assembly including a tube cannula and a hollow introducer needle. At the proximal end of the cannula are three fittings: first, a first luer fitting affixed to the proximal end of the tube cannula; second, a luer fitting removably attached to the first luer fitting, this second luer fitting having a first air porous water locking plug at a proximal end penetrated by the needle; and, third, a needle handle removably attachable to the second luer fitting. The proximal end of the needle handle is blocked also by a second air porous water blocking plug. The second plug prevents escape of blood from the hollow needle upon penetration of the arterial wall. The first plug controls the rate of flow of blood to the cannula tube and allows clamping of the tube after withdrawal of the introducer needle and prior to connection to a cardioplegia supply line.

What is claimed is as follows: 
     
       1. A method of introducing an aortic root cannula into an arterial wall of a heart preparatory to heart surgery which comprises: (a) introducing a distal end of a combined needle and a cannula into the heart wall,   (b) allowing blood flow into the needle,   (c) blocking the exit of flow from the needle with a gas-pass-water occlusion plug,   (d) retracting the needle from the cannula,   (e) allowing a controlled flow rate of blood into the cannula to a luer fitting at a proximal end of the cannula,   (f) blocking the exit of flow from the cannula with a gas-pass-water occlusion plug,   (g) clamping the cannula when filled with pressurized blood prior to disconnecting the luer fitting that contains the blood, and   (h) connecting the cannula with a life-support conduit for the flow of cardioplegia blood.   
     
     
       2. A method as defined in claim 1 includes: (a) providing a fitting at the proximal end of the cannula to receive the distal end of the needle when retracted.   
     
     
       3. An introducer cannula for use with the human body which comprises: (a) a cannula body having an insertable tip at a distal end and a connector end at a proximal end,   (b) a needle slidable in said body having a penetrating point projectable through said tip,   (c) a removable fitting at the proximal end of said cannula,   (d) a gas-pass-water occluding plug at a distal end of said fitting surrounding said needle,   (e) a stop means adjacent the distal end of said needle to contact said plug upon withdrawal of said needle into said fitting, and   (f) said fitting having an axial length long enough to receive the point of said needle when the needle is withdrawn prior to the removal of said needle and said fitting from said cannula.   
     
     
       4. An introducer cannula for use with the human body which comprises: (a) a cannula body having an insertable tip at a distal end and a first connector luer at a proximal end,   (b) a second connector luer removably connectable at its distal end to said first luer,   (c) a needle slidable within said body having a penetrating tip projectable through said cannula tip of said body,   (d) a needle handle on a proximal end of said needle removably connectable at its distal end to a proximal end of said second luer,   (e) means in the second lure surrounding said needle to allow gas flow through said second luer and block liquid flow, and   (f) means in the proximal end of said needle handle to allow gas flow and block liquid flow through said needle.   
     
     
       5. An introducer cannula as defined in claim 4 in which said second luer has a male projection extending into a proximal end of said first luer to provide a sealed connection. 
     
     
       6. An introducer cannula as defined in claim 4 in which said needle handle has a transparent section to allow sight of the presence of blood in said needle handle. 
     
     
       7. An introducer cannula as defined in claim 4 in which full retraction of said needle prior to removal from said first and second luers places the penetrating tip of said needle within the second luer to permit removal of said first luer from said second luer without an exposed needle tip. 
     
     
       8. An introducer cannula as defined in claim 4 in which a suction connection in the form of a tube is provided in communication with the distal end of said cannula body, said tube having a proximal end, and a gas-pass-water occluding plug located in the proximal end of said tube, the proximal end of said tube to be connected to a source of sub-atmospheric pressure to remove air bubbles. 
     
     
       9. An introducer cannula for use with the human body which comprises: (a) a cannula body having an insertable tip at a distal end and a connector end at a proximal end,   (b) a needle slidable in said body having a penetrating point projectable through said tip,   (c) a removable fitting at the proximal end of said cannula,   (d) a gas-pass-water occluding plug at a distal end of said fitting surrounding said needle,   (e) said fitting having means to receive the point of said needle when the needle is withdrawn through the fitting prior to the removal of said needle and said fitting from said cannula, and   (f) said fitting having also a removable male projection extending into and interfitting with the proximal end of said cannula, said needle point received in said projection so as to be unexposed when said needle and said fitting are removed from said cannula body. .Iadd.   
     
     
       10.  A method of introducing a cannula into an arterial wall of a heart preparatory to heart surgery which comprises: (a) introducing a distal end of a combined introducer needle and cannula into the heart wall,   (b) retracting the introducer needle within the cannula, thereby   (c) allowing blood to flow into the cannula to a fitting at a proximal end of the cannula,   (d) blocking the exit of flow from the cannula with a gas-pass-water occlusion plug,   (e) clamping the cannula when filled with pressurized blood prior to disconnecting the fitting that contains the blood, and   (f) connecting the cannula with a life-support conduit for the flow of blood..Iaddend..Iadd.11. An introducer cannula for use with the human body which comprises:   (a) a cannula body having an insertable tip at a distal end and a connector end at a proximal end,   (b) an introducer needle slidable in said body,   (c) a removable fitting at the proximal end of said cannula,   (d) a gas-pass-water occluding plug at a distal end of said fitting surrounding said introducer needle, and   (e) a stop means adjacent the distal end of said introducer needle to contact said fitting upon the withdrawal of said introducer needle within said cannula body..Iaddend..Iadd.12. An introducer cannula as defined in claim 11 in which the introducer needle has a penetrating point projectable through the insertable tip of the cannula..Iaddend..Iadd.13. An introducer cannula for use with the human body which comprises:   (a) a cannula body having an insertable tip at a distal end and a fitting hub at a proximal end,   (b) an introducer needle slidable in said body,   (c) an introducer needle handle on a proximal end of said introducer needle engageable at its distal end with a proximal end of said fitting hub, and   (d) means in the fitting hub surrounding said introducer needle to allow gas flow through said fitting hub and block liquid   
     
     
        flow..Iaddend..Iadd.     An introducer cannula as defined in claim 13 in which said fitting hub has a male projection extending into the proximal end of said cannula body to provide a sealed connection..Iaddend..Iadd.15. An introducer cannula for use with the human body which comprises: (a) a cannula body having an insertable tip at a distal end and a connector end at a proximal end,   (b) an introducer needle slidable in said body,   (c) a removable fitting at the proximal end of said fitting surrounding said introducer needle,   (d) a gas-pass-water occluding plug at a distal end of said fitting surrounding said introducer needle, and   (e) a stop means adjacent the distal end of said introducer needle,   (f) said fitting having means engageable by the stop means when the introducer needle is withdrawn in the cannula body prior to the removal of said introducer needle and said fitting from said cannula..Iaddend.