Mechanical toothbrush

Abstract

A power driven mechanical toothbrush is disclosed. A replaceable toothbrush head member has tuft blocks retained generally therewithin and extending laterally outwardly from the a cam shaft. Each tuft block has at least one tuft of bristles, usually four, secured within the tuft block and extending upwardly therefrom. Each of the bristles has a distal end at a distance from its tuft block, and the bristles in each tuft are generally parallel to each other. The toothbrush head member is adapted to receive and retain the tuft blocks in sliding relation therein, so that each tuft block slides linearly in a direction parallel to the longitudinal tuft axis as guided by guide rails within the head member, between a retracted position and an extended position. Each tuft block is driven from its retracted position to its extended position by the rotatable cam shaft. In use, the tuft bristles are brought into contact with the teeth by the user, before the respective tuft block reaches its extended position, so as to thereby flex the bristles and to cause a lateral motion of the distal of the bristles along the surface of the teeth. The reciprocating action of the tuft blocks causes a wiping action of the bristles and bristle ends against the teeth, and the teeth are thereby cleaned.

What is claimed is: 
     
       1. A power driven mechanical toothbrush, comprising: a cam shaft adapted to be rotatably driven, and having a central longitudinal axis;   a driving means adapted to rotatably drive said cam shaft;   a toothbrush head member having a centrally disposed longitudinal head axis, a bottom wall, an end wall, a pair of opposed side walls, and guide means mounted within said toothbrush head member;   a main housing adapted to retain said driving means therein, and to retain said cam shaft in operative relation with said driving means, and having said toothbrush head member mounted thereon;   at least one tuft block retained generally within said toothbrush head member and mounted in driving relationship with said cam shaft and extending laterally outwardly from said central longitudinal axis, wherein said at least one tuft block has at least one tuft of bristles secured within said tuft block and extending upwardly therefrom, said bristles having a distal end at a distance from said tuft block, said bristles in said at least one tuft being generally parallel to one another, said at least one tuft having a longitudinal tuft axis located generally along the centre thereof;   wherein said toothbrush head member is adapted to receive and retain said at least one tuft block in sliding relation therein such that said at least one tuft block slides linearly in a direction parallel to said longitudinal tuft axis as guided by said guide means within said head member, between a retracted position and an extended position;   wherein said at least one tuft block is driven from said retracted position to said extended position by the rotation of said cam shaft and the resulting interaction between said cam shaft and said at least one tuft block; and   wherein, in use, said bristles are brought into contact with the teeth by a user, before the respective said at least one tuft block reaches said extended position so as to thereby flex said bristles and cause a lateral motion of the distal end thereof along the surface of the teeth, and so as to thereby to remove unwanted substances from the teeth.   
     
     
       2. The toothbrush of claim 1, wherein said at least one tuft block has a plurality of tufts, each tuft having its own longitudinal axis, with each of said longitudinal tuft axes being substantially parallel one to another. 
     
     
       3. The toothbrush of claim 2, wherein said head member is elongated, and wherein there is a plurality of tuft blocks disposed along said longitudinal axis of said toothbrush head member, with said longitudinal tuft axes being substantially perpendicular to said longitudinal head axis of said elongated head member and with each of said longitudinal tuft axes being substantially parallel one to another; and wherein there is a respective cam lobe disposed along said cam shaft for each said tuft block. 
     
     
       4. The toothbrush of claim 3, wherein said plurality of tuft blocks is substantially juxtaposed one to another. 
     
     
       5. The toothbrush of claim 4, wherein said guide means comprises pairs of opposed guide rails extending inwardly from said opposed side walls. 
     
     
       6. The toothbrush of claim 5, wherein each of said tuft blocks has an aperture therein adapted to receive said cam shaft therethrough, said aperture being defined in part by a first cam receiving surface, wherein said cam shaft interacts with said first cam receiving surface of each of said tuft blocks so as to drive said tuft blocks from said retracted position to said extended position. 
     
     
       7. The toothbrush of claim 6, wherein said aperture in each of said tuft blocks is elongated in a direction that is transverse to both of said central longitudinal axis of said cam shaft and to the direction of said tuft axes. 
     
     
       8. The toothbrush of claim 7, wherein said cam shaft has a plurality of lobes that are substantially circular in cross-section and have a diameter "D", and wherein said lobes are connected by connecting portions having a maximum thickness "D". 
     
     
       9. The toothbrush of claim 8, wherein said plurality of lobes are radially spaced from a central axis of said cam shaft so that each of said lobes will drive its respective tuft block to a predetermined extent away from said central axis of said cam shaft; and wherein said predetermined extent is selectable from one cam shaft of said toothbrush head member to another cam shaft of another toothbrush head member, so as to thereby permit differing cleaning actions for various respective ones of said toothbrush head member.   
     
     
       10. The toothbrush of claim 8, wherein said connecting portions are ramped so as to facilitate positioning of said cam shaft into the respective aperture in each of said tuft blocks. 
     
     
       11. The toothbrush of claim 10, wherein said cam shaft is made from a metal wire. 
     
     
       12. The toothbrush of claim 8, wherein each of said apertures is further defined by a second cam receiving surface, which is opposed to said first cam receiving surface, wherein said first and second cam receiving surfaces are separated by a distance generally equivalent to the distance "D". 
     
     
       13. The toothbrush of claim 7, wherein said cam shaft is oscillated through an oscillation arc of from 90° to 180°, so as to impart vertical motion to said tuft block. 
     
     
       14. The toothbrush of claim 4, wherein each tuft block has four tufts of bristles which include two inner tufts and two outer tufts, with one inner tuft and one outer tuft disposed at each side of said longitudinal head axis. 
     
     
       15. The toothbrush of claim 3, wherein there are more than three and fewer than nine juxtaposed tuft blocks. 
     
     
       16. The toothbrush of claim 3, wherein there are six juxtaposed tuft blocks. 
     
     
       17. The toothbrush of claim 16, wherein said cam shaft has a total of six lobes identified as a, b, c, d, e, and f, respectively, and wherein when said cam shaft is rotating, the lobes pass a given circumferential reference point in the order a, e, b, f, c, d. 
     
     
       18. The toothbrush of claim 3, wherein each of said respective cam lobes disposed along said cam shaft is radially spaced through a total cam lobe radial spacing of 360°. 
     
     
       19. The toothbrush of claim 18, wherein said cam lobes are evenly radially spaced. 
     
     
       20. The toothbrush of claim 1, wherein said at least one tuft block moves from said retracted position to said extended position a distance of between 0.015 inches and 0.050 inches. 
     
     
       21. The toothbrush of claim 1, wherein there is only a single tuft block, having one proximal brush attached thereto. 
     
     
       22. The toothbrush of claim 1, further comprising a flexible seal attached in sealed relation to said toothbrush head member and to said at least one tuft block, and wherein said flexible seal receives said at least one tuft block through a respective opening therein, said flexible seal being thereby adapted to preclude foreign matter from entering the interior of said toothbrush head member. 
     
     
       23. The toothbrush of claim 22, wherein said flexible seal is mechanically attached to said toothbrush head member, and is further mechanically attached to said at least one tuft block, so as to be in sealed engagement with said toothbrush head member and said at least one tuft block. 
     
     
       24. The toothbrush of claim 22, wherein said flexible seal acts as a spring means. 
     
     
       25. The toothbrush of claim 1, further comprising a flexible seal attached in sealed relation to said toothbrush head member and to said at least one tuft block, and wherein said flexible seal receives said tufts through respective openings therein for each of said tufts, said flexible seal being thereby adapted to preclude foreign matter from entering the interior of said toothbrush head member. 
     
     
       26. The toothbrush of claim 25, further comprising a flexible seal attached in sealed relation to said toothbrush head member and to said at least one tuft block, and wherein said flexible seal receives said tufts through respective openings therein for each of said tufts, said flexible seal being thereby adapted to preclude foreign matter from entering the interior of said toothbrush head member. 
     
     
       27. The toothbrush of claim 26, wherein said flexible seal has a first lip portion adapted for sealed engagement into an undercut in the outer sides of said opposed walls of said toothbrush head member, and a second lip portion for said at least one tuft block, with said second lip portion being in sealed engagement with a portion of said at least one tuft block. 
     
     
       28. The toothbrush of claim 25, wherein at least a portion of said flexible seal contacts at least a portion of the respective opening for each of said tufts, so as to thereby create a snug seal between said flexible seal, each of said tufts, and said at least one tuft block. 
     
     
       29. The toothbrush of claim 25, wherein said flexible seal acts as a spring means, whereby said at least one tuft block is biased towards said retracted position. 
     
     
       30. The toothbrush of claim 1, wherein said cam shaft is locked into assembled position by way of a snap connection into said end wall of said toothbrush head member. 
     
     
       31. The toothbrush of claim 1, wherein the frequency of stroke of said at least one tuft block is greater than 2000 times per minute. 
     
     
       32. The toothbrush of claim 1, wherein the frequency of stroke of said at least one tuft block is between about 2000 and 10,000 times per minute. 
     
     
       33. The toothbrush of claim 32, wherein the frequency of stroke of said at least one tuft block is about 6000 times per minute. 
     
     
       34. The toothbrush of claim 33, wherein said bristles extend outwardly from said at least one tuft block a distance of about 3/8 inches. 
     
     
       35. The toothbrush of claim 33, wherein said bristles have a diameter of 0.005 to 0.008 inches. 
     
     
       36. The toothbrush of claim 1, wherein said driving means is an electrically powered motor. 
     
     
       37. The toothbrush of claim 1, further comprising at least one spring member, whereby said at least one tuft block is biased towards said retracted position. .Iadd. 
     
     
       38.  The toothbrush of claim 1, wherein the toothbrush head member is detachably mounted on the main housing..Iaddend..Iadd.39. A toothbrush head member, comprising: a housing, including a centrally disposed longitudinal head axis, a bottom wall, an end wall, a pair of opposed side walls, and guide means mounted within said toothbrush head member;   a cam shaft retained in said housing, said cam shaft having a central longitudinal axis and being adapted to be rotatably driven by a power unit;   at least one tuft block retained generally in said housing wherein said at least one tuft block having at least one tuft of bristles secured within said tuft block and extending upwardly therefrom, said at least one tuft having a longitudinal tuft axis located generally along the centre thereof;   wherein said housing is adapted to receive and retain said at least one tuft block in sliding relation therein such that said at least one tuft block slides linearly in a direction parallel to sad longitudinal tuft axis as guided by said guide means within said head member, between a retracted position and an extended position; and   wherein said at least one tuft block is driven from said retracted position to said extended position by the rotation of said cam shaft and the resulting interaction between said cam shaft and said at least one tuft block..Iaddend..Iadd.40. The toothbrush head member of claim 39, wherein at least one tuft block is mounted in driving relationship with the cam shaft and extends laterally outwardly from the central longitudinal axis..Iaddend..Iadd.41. The toothbrush head member of claim 40, wherein said at least one tuft block has a plurality of tufts, each tuft having its own longitudinal axis, with each of said longitudinal tuft axes being substantially parallel one to another..Iaddend..Iadd.42. The toothbrush head member of claim 41, wherein said at least one tuft block moves from said retracted position to said extended position a distance of between 0.015 inches and 0.050 inches..Iaddend..Iadd.43. The toothbrush head member of claim 41, wherein there is only a single tuft block, having one proximal brush attached thereto..Iaddend..Iadd.44. The toothbrush head member of claim 41, further comprising a flexible seal in sealed relation to said toothbrush head member and to said at least one tuft block, and wherein said flexible seal receives said at least one tuft block through a respective opening therein, said flexible seal being thereby adapted to preclude foreign matter from entering the interior of said toothbrush head member..Iaddend..Iadd.45. The toothbrush head member of claim 44, wherein said flexible seal is mechanically attached to said toothbrush head member, and is further mechanically attached to said at least one tuft block, so as to be in sealed engagement with said toothbrush head member and said at least one tuft block..Iaddend..Iadd.46. The toothbrush head member of claim 45, wherein said flexible seal acts as a spring means..Iaddend..Iadd.47. The toothbrush head member of claim 41, further comprising a flexible seal attached in sealed relation to said toothbrush head member and to said at least one tuft block, and wherein said flexible seal receives said tufts through respective openings therein for each of said tufts, said flexible seal being thereby adapted to preclude foreign matter from entering the interior of said toothbrush head member..Iaddend..Iadd.48. The toothbrush head member of claim 47, further comprising a flexible seal attached in sealed relation to said toothbrush head member and to said at least one tuft block, and wherein said flexible seal receives said tufts through respective openings therein for each of said tufts, said flexible seal being thereby adapted to preclude foreign matter from entering the interior of said toothbrush head member..Iaddend..Iadd.49. The toothbrush head member of claim 48, wherein said flexible seal has a first lip portion adapted for sealed engagement into an undercut in the outer sides of said opposed walls of said toothbrush head member, and a second lip portion for said at least one tuft block, with said second lip portion being in sealed engagement with a portion of said at least one tuft block..Iaddend..Iadd.50. The toothbrush head member of claim 48, wherein said flexible seal acts as a spring means, whereby said at least one tuft block is biased towards said retracted position..Iaddend..Iadd.51. The toothbrush head member of claim 47, wherein at least a portion of said flexible seal contacts at least a portion of the respective opening for each of said tufts, so as to thereby create a snug seal between said flexible seal, each of said tufts, and said at least one tuft block..Iaddend..Iadd.52. The toothbrush head member of claim 41, wherein said cam shaft is locked into assembled position by way of a snap connection into said end wall of said toothbrush head member..Iaddend..Iadd.53. The toothbrush head member of claim 41, wherein the frequency of stroke of said at least one tuft block is greater than 2000 times per minute..Iaddend..Iadd.54. The toothbrush head member of claim 41, wherein the frequency of stroke of said at least one tuft block is between about 2000 and 10,000 times per minute..Iaddend..Iadd.55. The toothbrush head member of claim 54, wherein the frequency of stroke of said at least one tuft block is about 6000 times per minute..Iaddend..Iadd.56. The toothbrush head member of claim 55, wherein said bristles extend outwardly from said at least one tuft block a distance of about 3/8 inches..Iaddend..Iadd.57. The toothbrush head member of claim 55, wherein said bristles have a diameter of 0.005 to 0.008 inches..Iaddend..Iadd.58. The toothbrush head member of claim 41, wherein said power unit is an electrically powered motor..Iaddend..Iadd.59. The toothbrush head member of claim 41, further comprising at least one spring member, whereby said at least one tuft block is biased towards said retracted position..Iaddend..Iadd.60. The toothbrush head member of claim 41, wherein said housing includes an elongated portion, and wherein there is a plurality of tuft blocks disposed along said longitudinal axis of said housing, with said longitudinal tuft axes being substantially perpendicular to said longitudinal head axis; and wherein there is a cam lobe disposed along said cam shaft for each said tuft block..Iaddend..Iadd.61. The toothbrush head member of claim 60, wherein said plurality of tuft blocks is substantially juxtaposed one to   
     
     
        another..Iaddend..Iadd.62.  The toothbrush head member of claim 61, wherein said guide means comprises pairs of opposed guide rails extending inwardly from said opposed side walls..Iaddend..Iadd.63. The toothbrush head member of claim 62, wherein each of said tuft blocks has an aperture therein adapted to receive said cam shaft therethrough, said aperture being defined in part by a first cam receiving surface, wherein said cam shaft interacts with said first cam receiving surface of each of said tuft blocks so as to drive said tuft blocks from said retracted position to 
     
     
        said extended position..Iaddend..Iadd.64.  The toothbrush head member of claim 63, wherein said aperture in each of said tuft blocks is elongated in a direction that is transverse to said central longitudinal axis of said cam shaft and to the direction of said tuft axes..Iaddend..Iadd.65. The toothbrush head member of claim 64, wherein said cam lobes are substantially circular in cross-section and are connected by connecting portions having no greater diameter than the diameter of the circular cross-section..Iaddend..Iadd.66. The toothbrush head member of claim 65, wherein said lobes are radially spaced from a central axis of said cam shaft so that each of said lobes will drive its respective tuft block to a predetermined extent away from said central axis of said cam shaft..Iaddend..Iadd.67. The toothbrush head member of claim 65, wherein said connecting portions are ramped so as to facilitate positioning of said cam shaft into the respective aperture in each of said tuft blocks..Iaddend..Iadd.68. The toothbrush head member of claim 67, wherein 
     
     
        said cam shaft is a metal wire..Iaddend..Iadd.69.  The toothbrush head member of claim 65, wherein each of said apertures is further defined by a second cam receiving surface, which is opposed to said first cam receiving surface, wherein said first and second cam receiving surfaces are separated by a distance generally equivalent to the diameter of the circular cross-section of the cam lobes..Iaddend..Iadd.70. The toothbrush head member of claim 64, wherein said cam shaft can be oscillated through an oscillation arc of from 90° to 180° so as to impart vertical motion to each of said tuft blocks..Iaddend..Iadd.71. The toothbrush head member of claim 60, wherein each of said tuft blocks has two inner tufts and two outer tufts, one inner tuft and one outer tuft disposed at each side of said longitudinal head axis..Iaddend..Iadd.72. The toothbrush head member of claim 60, wherein there are more than three 
     
     
        and fewer than nine juxtaposed tuft blocks..Iaddend..Iadd.73.  The toothbrush head member of claim 60, wherein there are six juxtaposed tuft blocks..Iaddend..Iadd.74. The toothbrush head member of claim 73, wherein said cam shaft has a total of six lobes identified as a, b, c, d, e, and f, respectively, and wherein when said cam shaft is rotating, the lobes pass a given circumferential reference point in the order a, e, b, f, c, d..Iaddend..Iadd.75. The toothbrush head member of claim 60, wherein each of said cam lobes disposed along said cam shaft is radially spaced through a total cam lobe radial spacing of 360°..Iaddend..Iadd.76. The toothbrush head member of claim 75, wherein said cam lobes are evenly 
     
     
        radially spaced..Iaddend..Iadd.77.  A toothbrush comprising: an elongated hollow shaft having a head portion at one axial end thereof and a bore;   a cam shaft co-axially disposed for rotation in the bore of the hollow shaft, one axial end of the cam shaft being adapted for driving connection with a power unit and the other axial end of the cam shaft defining a plurality of adjacent cam surfaces each cam surface being disposed to define a path of rotation that is separate from an axially adjacent cam surface; and   a plurality of tuft blocks disposed in the head portion of the hollow shaft for independent reciprocal movement on parallel axes perpendicular to the cam shaft axis, each tuft block carrying at least one tuft of bristles extending along the axis of reciprocation and each tuft block being engaged by a respective one of the cam surfaces to generate the reciprocal   
     
     
        movement in response to the rotation of the cam shaft..Iaddend..Iadd.78. The toothbrush of claim 77, further comprising a power unit which includes a housing, a motor, including a rotatable drive shaft disposed for selective engagement by the one axial end of the cam shaft, and electric circuitry for selectively connecting the motor to a power source, wherein said hollow shaft is detachably mounted onto the housing..Iaddend..Iadd.79. The toothbrush of claim 77 comprising four tuft blocks..Iaddend..Iadd.80. The toothbrush of claim 77 comprising six tuft blocks..Iaddend..Iadd.81. The toothbrush of claim 77, wherein the cam surfaces are substantially equidistantly radially spaced about the cam shaft..Iaddend..Iadd.82. The toothbrush of claim 77, wherein each tuft block comprises an aperture therein for receiving said cam shaft therethrough, said aperture being elongated in a direction transverse to both the axis of reciprocation and to the cam shaft axis..Iaddend.