Method and apparatus for dynamic and interdependent processing of inbound calls and outbound calls

Abstract

A method for optimizing the pacing and processing of inbound calls and outbound calls. Statistics are generated concerning inbound calls and outbound calls, and concerning the performance of each agent for inbound calls and outbound calls. Separate statistics concerning inbound calls and outbound calls allow a more accurate prediction of call pacing and handling requirements and of the availability of an agent so as to maximize the productivity of each agent and control the on-hold time of inbound and outbound calls. Each trunk line is designated for inbound calls or outbound calls and the status of each trunk is monitored. If all of the trunks allocated to inbound service are in use then some of the trunks designated for outbound service are redesignated for inbound service. If more than a predetermined number of trunks designated for inbound service are not in use then some of these trunks will be redesignated for outbound service. Therefore, the rate of answering of inbound calls and the rate of placement of outbound calls, and the allocation of trunks between inbound calls and outbound calls are driven by the frequency, duration and number of calls and user-selectable options.

We claim: 
     
       1. A method for processing telephone calls, comprising the steps of: detecting inbound calls;   placing outbound calls;   detecting the answering of said outbound calls;   selectably connecting said inbound calls and answered outbound calls to a plurality of agents;   generating statistics concerning said inbound calls and said outbound calls; and   adjusting the rate of placement of said outbound calls in response to said statistics on said inbound calls and said outbound calls.   
     
     
       2. The method of claim 1 wherein said step of generating statictics comprises; determining the average duration of said inbound calls; and   determining the average duration of said outbound calls.   
     
     
       3. The method of claim 2 wherein said step of generating statistics further comprises: determining the delay period between the arrival of a said inbound call and the arrival of a following said inbound call; and   determining the average delay period between said inbound calls.   
     
     
       4. The method of claim 2 wherein said step of generating statistics further comprises: determining the proportion of said outbound calls which are answered.   
     
     
       5. The method of claim 1 wherein said step of generating statistics comprises generating separate statistics for each agent. 
     
     
       6. The method of claim 5 wherein said step of generating separate statistics comprises: determining the average connection time for inbound calls for each said agent; and   determining the average connection time for outbound calls for each said agent.   
     
     
       7. The method of claim 1 wherein said step of adjusting comprises monitoring the number of available agents and said method further comprises terminating a said outbound call in progress if a said inbound call reduces said number of available agents. 
     
     
       8. The method of claim 1 and further comprising: allocating a first group of a plurality of telephone trunks to said inbound calls;   allocating a second group of a plurality of telephone trunks to said outbound calls;   determining the degree of usage of said first group; and   adjusting the size of said first group and said second group in response to said degree of usage.   
     
     
       9. The method of claim 8 wherein said step of determining said degree of usage comprises: determining the most significant inbound trunk;   determining the most significant outbound trunk; and   determining the number of unused trunks between said most significant inbound trunk and said most significant outbound trunk.   
     
     
       10. The method of claim 9 wherein said step of determining said degree of usage further comprises: comparing said number of unused trunks with a window value.   
     
     
       11. The method of claim 10 wherein said window value is user selectable. 
     
     
       12. The method of claim 10 and further comprising: calculating said window value based upon said statistics for said inbound calls.   
     
     
       13. The method of claim 10 wherein said step of adjusting said size of said first group and said second group comprises: increasing the number of said telephone trunks in said first group and decreasing the number of said telephone trunks in said second group if said number of unused trunks is less than said window value; and   decreasing the number of said telephone trunks in said second group and increasing the number of said telephone trunks in said first group if said number of unused trunks is greater than said window value.   
     
     
       14. The method of claim 1 and further comprising: generating statistics concerning each agent of said plurality of agents; and   wherein said step of adjusting said rate of placement is responsive to said statistics concerning each agent.   
     
     
       15. The method of claim 14 wherein said step of generating statistics concerning each agent comprises: determining the average time that each agent is connected to an inbound call; and   determining the average time that each agent is connected to an outbound call.   
     
     
       16. The method of claim 15 wherein said step of adjusting said rate of placement is responsive to whether a said agent is connected to an inbound call or an outbound call. 
     
     
       17. The method of claim 14 wherein said step of adjusting said rate of placement is responsive to the number of agents available. 
     
     
       18. The method of claim 17 and further comprising: terminating a said outbound call in progress if a said inbound call reduces said number of agents available.   
     
     
       19. The method of claim 1 and further comprising: measuring the ring time of each said inbound call;   comparing said ring time to a desired value; and   wherein said step of selectably connecting comprises connecting said inbound call to an agent only if said ring time exceeds said desired value.   
     
     
       20. A method for processing telephone calls, comprising the steps of: detecting inbound calls;   placing outbound calls;   detecting the answering of said outbound calls;   selectably connecting said inbound calls and answered outbound calls to a plurality of agents;   generating statistics concerning said outbound calls;   adjusting the rate of placement of said outbound calls in response to said statistics; and   responding to a next inbound call in a manner determined by said statistics.   
     
     
       21. The method of claim 20 wherein said step of responding comprises: determining whether the connection of said next inbound call to an available agent will prevent a said outbound call from being quickly connected with an agent; and   if so, delaying the answer of said next inbound call.   
     
     
       22. The method of claim 20 wherein said step of responding comprises: determining whether the connection of said next inbound call to an available agent will prevent a said outbound call from being quickly connected with an agent; and   if so, answering said next inbound call and placing said next inbound call on-hold.   
     
     
       23. The method of claim 20 wherein said step of responding comprises: determining whether the connection of said next inbound call to an available agent will prevent a said outbound call from being quickly connected with an agent; and   if so, answering said next inbound call, connecting said next inbound call with a said agent, and terminating a said outbound call.   
     
     
       24. The method of claim 20 wherein said step of responding comprises: determining whether the connection of said next inbound call to an available agent will prevent a said outbound call from being quickly connected with an agent; and   if so, answering said next inbound call, and playing a message to the calling party on said next inbound call.   
     
     
       25. The method of claim 24 and further comprising: recording any response to said message by said calling party.   
     
     
       26. The method of claim 24 wherein said message prompts said calling party to provide a response using a telephone keypad; and wherein said method further comprises decoding said response provided by said calling party.   
     
     
       27. The method of claim 24 wherein said message prompts said calling party to provide a response using a predetermined set of spoken words; and wherein said method further comprises decoding said response provided by said calling party.   
     
     
       28. The method of claim 24 wherein said message prompts said calling party to provide a response including an account identifier. 
     
     
       29. The method of claim 28 and further comprising: decoding said response of said calling party to said message; and so   adding said calling party to a list of parties to be called.   
     
     
       30. The method of claim 29 and further comprising: placing a call to said calling party when an agent is available.   
     
     
       31. The method of claim 28 wherein said account identifier comprises at least one of the following: a telephone number, an account number. 
     
     
       32. For use with a system which accomodates inbound calls and outbound calls, a method for pacing the placement of said outbound calls, comprising the steps of: monitoring the time that a predetermined agent is connected to a call;   determining whether said call is an inbound call or an outbound call;   if said call is an inbound call then updating the statistics for said predetermined agent for inbound calls;   if said call is an outbound call then updating the statistics for said predetermined agent for outbound calls;   performing the above steps for each agent of a plurality of agents;   calculating the estimated time at which each of said agents will become available, based upon said statistics and considering whether each of said agents is currently on a said inbound call or a said outbound call; and   placing a next outbound call at a time determined by the projected availability of at least one of said agents.   
     
     
       33. The method of claim 32 and further comprising the steps of: monitoring the arrival time for each said incoming call;   generating statistics concerning the rate of arrival of incoming calls; and   calculating the estimated time at which a next said incoming call will arrive;   wherein said next outbound call is placed only if sufficient agents are projected to be available to handle both said next incoming call and said next outbound call.   
     
     
       34. The method of claim 32 and further comprising: monitoring the arrival time for each said incoming call;   placing on-hold, if an agent is not available, said inbound calls and said outbound calls which are answered;   monitoring the on-hold time of each call;   generating statistics concerning the rate of arrival of incoming calls; and   calculating the estimated time at which a next said incoming call will arrive;   wherein said next outbound call is placed only if sufficient agents are projected to be available to prevent said on-hold time from exceeding a predetermined time.   
     
     
       35. The method of claim 34 and further comprising: monitoring the number of calls which are on-hold;   if said on-hold time of a said call exceeds a predetermined value then handling said call in accordance with a predetermined procedure.   
     
     
       36. The method of claim 35 wherein said step of handling is only performed for inbound calls. 
     
     
       37. The method of claim 35 wherein said system accommodates a plurality of campaigns and said predetermined procedure comprises transferring said call to an agent in a campaign different from the campaign with which said call was associated. 
     
     
       38. The method of claim 35 wherein said predetermined procedure comprises playing a message to the party associated with said call, said message prompting said party to provide a response including an account identifier. 
     
     
       39. The method of claim 32 and further comprising: monitoring for a new inbound call; and   determining whether the connection of said new inbound call to a next available agent will prevent said next outbound call from being quickly connected with a said agent; and   if so, cancelling said next outbound call.   
     
     
       40. The method of claim 32 and further comprising: monitoring for a new inbound call; and   determining whether the connection of said new inbound call to a next available agent will prevent said next outbound call from being quickly connected with a said agent; and   if so, delaying the answering of said new inbound call.   
     
     
       41. The method of claim 32 and further comprising: monitoring for a new inbound call; and   determining whether the connection of said new inbound call to a next available agent will prevent said next outbound call from being quickly connected with a said agent; and   if so, answering said new inbound call and placing said new inbound call on-hold.   
     
     
       42. The method of claim 32 and further comprising: monitoring for a new inbound call; and   determining whether the connection of said new inbound call to a next available agent will prevent said next outbound call from being quickly connected with a said agent; and   if so, answering said new inbound call and playing a message to the calling party on said new inbound call.   
     
     
       43. The method of claim 42 and further comprising: recording any response to said message by said calling party.   
     
     
       44. The method of claim 32 wherein said message prompts said calling party to provide a response including an account identifier and said method further comprises: recording said response; and   using said response to call said calling party when an agent becomes available.   
     
     
       45. The method of claim 44 wherein said account identifier comprises at least one of the following: a telephone number; and   an account number.   
     
     
       46. The method of claim 44 wherein said step of using comprises: decoding said response; and   adding said calling party to a list of parties to be called.   
     
     
       47. The method of claim 44 wherein an agent listens to and transcribes said response. 
     
     
       48. A telephone call processing system, comprising: first means for detecting inbound calls;   second means for placing outbound calls by seizing selected ones of a plurality of telephone trunks and dialing telephone numbers thereon;   third means for providing status information concerning said outbound calls by monitoring signals on said selected ones of said telephone trunks;   a plurality of agent work stations, each said agent work station allowing an agent to converse with a connected party and to view information concerning said connected party;   switching means for selectively connecting ones of said telephone trunks to ones of said agent work stations; and   control means connected to said first means, said second means, said third means, said plurality of agent work stations, and said switching means, for storing information concerning customers, for responding to said first means detecting an inbound call on an inbound trunk by causing said switch to connect said inbound truck having said inbound call to an available agent work station, and for sending information to said agent work station concerning said customer on said inbound call, for causing an outbound call to be placed on a said outbound trunk by sending a telephone number to said second means, for responding to said third means detecting that said outbound call has been answered by causing said switching means to connect said outbound trunk having said outbound call to an available agent work station, for sending information to said agent work station concerning said customer on said outbound call, for generating statistics concerning said inbound calls and said outboard calls, and for adjusting the rate of placement of said outbound calls in response to said statistics on said inbound calls and said outbound calls.   
     
     
       49. The system of claim 48 wherein said control means generates statistics concerning said agents, estimates the rate of future inbound calls and availability of a said agent, and causes a next outbound call to be placed if a said agent is projected to be available to be connected to said next outbound call. 
     
     
       50. The system of claim 48 wherein said control means comprises means for partitioning said plurality of trunks into inbound trunks and outbound trunks. 
     
     
       51. The system of claim 50 wherein said control means further comprises: a host device for storing said information concerning said customers; and   a system controller for receiving said information from said host device for use in placing said outbound calls, for partitioning said plurality of trunks, for responding to said first means detecting said inbound call, for placing said outbound call, for responding to said third means detecting that said outbound call has been answered, for monitoring each agent work station, for maintaining and updating statistics for each agent work station, and for calculating the estimated time; and   wherein a predetermined one of said host device and said system controller sends said information to said agent work station concerning said customer.   
     
     
       52. The system of claim 51 wherein said system controller sends said information to said agent work station concerning said customer on said inbound call and said outbound call. 
     
     
       53. The system of claim 51 wherein: said system controller sends said information to said agent work station concerning said customer on said outbound call; and   said host device send said information to said agent work station concerning said customer on said inbound call.   
     
     
       54. The system of claim 50 wherein said system controller monitors the degree of usage of said inbound trunks, and repartitions said plurality of said trunks in response to said degree of usage of said inbound trunks. 
     
     
       55. An apparatus for placing and receiving telephone calls, comprising: first means for detecting inbound calls;   second means for placing outbound calls;   third means for detecting the answering of said outbound calls;   fourth means for selectively connecting said inbound calls and answered outbound calls to a plurality of agents; and   control means for generating statistics concerning said inbound calls and said outbound calls, and for adjusting the rate of placement of said outbound calls in response to said statistics on said inbound calls and said outbound calls.   
     
     
       56. The apparatus of claim 55 wherein said control means comprises means for determining the average duration of said inbound calls and the average duration of said outbound calls. 
     
     
       57. The apparatus of claim 56 wherein said control means further comprises means for determining the delay period between the arrival of a said inbound call and the arrival of a following said inbound call and means for determining the average delay period between said inbound calls. 
     
     
       58. The apparatus of claim 57 wherein said control means further comprises means for determining the proportion of said outbound calls which are answered. 
     
     
       59. An apparatus for placing and receiving telephone calls, comprising: first means for detecting inbound calls;   second means for placing outbound calls;   third means for detecting the answering of said outbound calls;   a plurality of agent work stations, each agent work station being associated with a corresponding agent;   fourth means for selectably connecting said inbound calls and said outbound calls to said agent work stations; and   fifth means for generating statistics concerning said inbound calls and said outbound calls, for causing said second means to place said outbound calls in response to said statistics, and responsive to said first means and to said third means for controlling said fourth means.   
     
     
       60. The apparatus of claim 59 wherein said fifth means designates a first group of a plurality of telephone trunks as inbound trunks, designates a second group of said plurality of telephone calls as outbound trunks and adjusts the rate of placement of said outbound trunks in response to the degree of usage of said first group. 
     
     
       61. The apparatus of claim 60 wherein said fifth means changes the number of trunks in said first group and in said second group in response to said degree of usage of said first group. 
     
     
       62. The apparatus of claim 61 wherein said fifth means also adjusts said rate of placement in response to the number of trunks in said second group. 
     
     
       63. The apparatus of claim 60 wherein said fifth means determines said degree of usage by comparing said number of unused trunks in said first group to a window value. 
     
     
       64. The apparatus of claim 63 wherein said fifth means decreases said number of trunks in said first group if said number of unused trunks exceeds said window value. 
     
     
       65. The apparatus of claim 63 wherein said fifth means increases said number of trunks in said first group if said number of unused trunks is less than said window value. 
     
     
       66. The apparatus of claim 59 wherein said fifth means adjusts said rate of placement by monitoring the time that a said agent is connected to a call, determining whether said call is an inbound call or an outbound call, updating statistics for said agent, predicting the time at which each said agent will become available based upon statistics for each said agent and based upon whether each said agent is handling a said inbound call or a said outbound call, and placing a next said outbound call at a time determined by the predicted time at which a said agent will become available. 
     
     
       67. A method for controlling trunk allocation between inbound calls and outbound calls, comprising the steps of: allocating a first group of a plurality of telephone trunks to said inbound calls;   allocating a second group of said plurality of telephone trunks to said outbound calls;   determining the degree of usage of a selected one of either said first group or said second group; and   adjusting the size of said first group and said second group in response to said degree of usage.   
     
     
       68. The method of claim 67 wherein said step of determining said degree of usage comprises: determining the most significant inbound trunk;   determining the most significant outbound trunk; and   determining the number of unused trunks between said most significant inbound trunk and said most significant outbound trunk.   
     
     
       69. The method of claim 68 wherein said step of determining said degree of usage further comprises comparing said number of unused trunks with a window value. 
     
     
       70. The method of claim 69 wherein said window value is user selectable. 
     
     
       71. The method of claim 69 and further comprising the step of calculating said window value based upon said degree of usage. 
     
     
       72. The method of claim 69 wherein said step of adjusting said size of said first group and said second group comprises: increasing the number of said telephone trunks in said first group and decreasing the number of said telephone trunks in said second group if said number of unused trunks is less than said window value; and   decreasing the number of said telephone trunks in said second group and increasing the number of said telephone trunks in said first group if said number of unused trunks is greater than said window value.   
     
     
       73. A telephone call processing system, comprising: first means for detecting inbound calls;   second means for placing outbound calls by seizing selected ones of a plurality of telephone trunks and dialing telephone numbers thereon;   third means for providing status information concerning said outbound calls by monitoring signals on said selected ones of said telephone trunks;   a plurality of agent workstations, each said agent workstation allowing an agent to converse with a connected party and to view information concerning said connected party;   switching means for selectably connecting ones of said telephone trunks to ones of said agent workstations; and   control means connected to said first means, said second means, said third means, said plurality of agent workstations, and said switching means, for partitioning said plurality of trunks into a group of inbound trunks and a group of outbound trunks, for responding to said first means detecting an inbound call on an inbound trunk by causing said switch to connect said inbound trunk having said inbound call to an available agent workstation, for causing an outbound call to be placed on a said outbound trunk by sending a telephone number to said second means, for responding to said third means detecting that said outbound call has been answered by causing said switching means to connect said outbound trunk having said outbound call to an available agent workstation, monitoring the degree of usage of a selected one of either said group of said inbound trunks or said group of said outbound trunks, and repartitioning said plurality of said trunks in response to said degree of usage. .Iadd.   
     
     
       74.  A method for processing telephone calls, comprising the steps of: assigning some agents of a plurality of agents to outbound calls;   assigning other agents of said plurality of agents to inbound calls;   detecting said inbound calls;   placing said outbound calls at a rate of placement;   detecting the answering of said outbound calls;   selectably connecting answered outbound calls to said agents assigned to outbound calls and inbound calls to said agents assigned to inbound calls;   automatically determining whether additional agents are needed for said inbound calls;   if additional agents are needed for said inbound calls then automatically reassigning, from outbound calls to inbound calls, at least one agent of said agents assigned to outbound calls; and   automatically adjusting said rate of placement of said outbound calls in response to said at least one agent being reassigned from outbound calls to inbound calls. .Iaddend..Iadd.75. The method of claim 74 and further comprising the steps of:   automatically determining whether fewer agents are needed for said inbound calls;   if fewer agents are needed for said inbound calls then automatically reassigning, from inbound calls to outbound calls, at least one agent of said agents assigned to inbound calls; and   automatically adjusting said rate of placement of said outbound calls in response to said at least one agent being reassigned from inbound calls to   
     
     
        outbound calls. .Iaddend..Iadd.76.  A method for processing telephone calls, comprising the steps of: assigning some agents of a plurality of agents to outbound calls;   assigning other agents of said plurality of agents to inbound calls;   detecting said inbound calls;   placing said outbound calls at a rate of placement;   detecting the answering of said outbound calls;   selectably connecting answered outbound calls to said agents assigned to outbound calls and selected ones of said inbound calls to said agents assigned to inbound calls;   placing the non-selected ones of said inbound calls on hold;   determining the on-hold time for said inbound calls on hold;   if said on-hold time is excessive then automatically reassigning, from outbound calls to inbound calls, at least one agent of said agents assigned to outbound calls; and   automatically adjusting said rate of placement of said outbound calls in response to said at least one agent being reassigned from outbound calls to inbound calls. .Iaddend..Iadd.77. A method for processing telephone calls, comprising the steps of:   detecting inbound calls;   placing outbound calls;   detecting the answering of said outbound calls;   selectably connecting answered outbound calls and inbound calls to a plurality of agents;   automatically determining at least one of the following values: (1) an average connection time for said outbound calls, and (2) a hit rate for said outbound calls; and   if said determined value is excessive then automatically performing a predetermined one of the following: (a) allowing a next inbound call to ring for a predetermined period before connected said next inbound call to an agent of said plurality of agents, (b) answering a next inbound call and placing said next inbound call on hold, and (c) answering a next inbound call and conducting an interactive session with said next inbound   
     
     
        call. .Iaddend..Iadd.78.  An apparatus for placing and receiving telephone calls, comprising: first means for detecting inbound calls;   second means for placing outbound calls;   third means for detecting the answering of said outbound calls;   a plurality of agent work stations;   fourth means for selectably connecting said outbound calls and said inbound calls to said agent work stations; and   fifth means; for assigning some agent work stations of said plurality of agent work stations to outbound calls and assigning other agent work stations of said plurality of agent work stations to inbound calls; for determining a rate of placement of said outbound calls in response to said agent work stations being assigned to outbound calls; for causing said second means to place said outbound calls in response to said rate of placement responsive to said first means detecting inbound calls and said third means detecting the answering of outbound calls for controlling said fourth means; for determining whether additional agent work stations are needed for said inbound calls; and for reassigning, from outbound calls to inbound calls, at least one agent work station of said agent work stations assigned to outbound calls if additional agent work stations are needed for said inbound calls. .Iaddend..Iadd.79. An apparatus for placing and receiving telephone calls, comprising:   first means for detecting inbound calls;   second means for placing outbound calls;   third means for detecting the answering of said outbound calls;   a plurality of agent work stations;   fourth means for selectably connecting said outbound calls and said inbound calls to said agent work stations and for placing selected ones of said inbound calls on hold; and   fifth means; for assigning some agent work stations of said plurality of agent work stations to outbound calls and assigning other agent work stations of said plurality of agent work stations to inbound calls; for determining a rate of placement of said outbound calls in response to said agent work stations being assigned to outbound calls; for causing said second means to place said outbound calls in response to said rate of placement responsive to said first means detecting said inbound calls and said third means detecting the answering of outbound calls for controlling said fourth means; for determining the on-hold time of said inbound calls on hold; and for reassigning, from outbound calls to inbound calls, at least one agent work station of said agent work stations assigned to   
     
     
        outbound calls if said on-hold time is excessive. .Iaddend..Iadd.80.  An apparatus for placing and receiving telephone calls, comprising: first means for detecting inbound calls;   second means for placing outbound calls;   third means for detecting the answering of said outbound calls;   a plurality of agent work stations;   fourth means for selectably connecting said outbound calls and said inbound calls to said agent work stations; and   fifth means; for assigning some agent work stations of said plurality of agent work stations to outbound calls and assigning other work stations of said plurality of agent work stations to inbound calls; for determining a rate of placement of said outbound calls in response to said agent work stations being assigned to outbound calls; for causing said second means to place said outbound calls in response to said rate of placement; responsive to said first means detecting said inbound calls and said third means detecting the answering of said outbound calls for controlling said fourth means; for determining at least one of the following values: (1) an average connection time for said outbound calls, and (2) a hit rate for said outbound calls; and for performing a predetermined one of the following if said determined value is excessive; (a) allowing a next inbound call to ring for a predetermined period before connecting said next inbound call to an agent work station, (b) answering a next inbound call and placing said next inbound call on hold, and (c) answering a next inbound call and conducting an interactive session with said next inbound   
     
     
        call. .Iaddend..Iadd.81.  An apparatus for placing and receiving telephone calls, comprising: a plurality of agent work stations;   an automatic call distributor (ACD) for detecting inbound calls, for placing outbound calls, and for selectably connecting said outbound calls and said inbound calls to said agent work stations;   detection means for detecting the answering of said outbound calls; and   a controller; for assigning some agent work stations of said plurality of agent work stations to outbound calls and assigning other agent work stations of said plurality of agent work stations to inbound calls; for determining a rate of placement of said outbound calls in response to said agent work stations being assigned to outbound calls; for causing said ACD to place said outbound calls in response to said rate of placement; responsive to said ACD detecting said inbound calls and responsive to said detection means detecting the answering of said outbound calls for controlling said connecting by said ACD; for determining whether additional agent work stations are needed for said inbound calls; and for reassigning, from outbound calls to inbound calls, at least one agent work station of said agent work stations assigned to outbound calls if additional agent work stations are needed for said inbound calls. .Iaddend..Iadd.82. An apparatus for placing and receiving telephone calls, comprising:   a plurality of agent work stations;   an automatic call distributor (ACD) for detecting inbound calls, for placing outbound calls, for detecting the answering of said outbound calls, and for selectably connecting said outbound calls and said inbound calls to said agent work stations; and   a controller; for assigning some agent work stations of said plurality of agent work stations to outbound calls and assigning other agent work stations of said plurality of agent work stations to inbound calls; for determining a rate of placement of said outbound calls in response to said agent work stations being assigned to outbound calls; for causing said ACD to place said outbound calls in response to said rate of placement; responsive to said ACD detecting said inbound calls and detecting the answering of said outbound calls for controlling said connecting by said ACD; for determining whether additional agent work stations are needed for said inbound calls; and for reassigning, from outbound calls to inbound calls, at least one agent work station of said agent work stations assigned to outbound calls if additional agent work stations are needed   
     
     
        for said inbound calls. .Iaddend..Iadd.83.  An apparatus for placing and receiving telephone calls, comprising: a plurality of agent work stations;   an automatic call distributor (ACD) for detecting inbound calls, for placing outbound calls, and for selectably connecting said outbound calls and said inbound calls to said agent work stations;   detection means for detecting the answering of said outbound calls; and   a controller for assigning some agent work stations of said plurality of agent work stations to outbound calls and assigning other work stations of said plurality of agent work stations to inbound calls; for determining a rate of placement of said outbound calls in response to said agent work stations being assigned to outbound calls; for causing said ACD to place said outbound calls in response to said rate of placement; responsive to said detection means detecting the answering of said outbound calls for causing said ACD to connect an answered outbound call to an agent work station assigned to outbound calls; for determining whether additional agent work stations are needed for said inbound calls; and for reassigning, from outbound calls to inbound calls, at least one agent work station of said agent work stations assigned to outbound calls if additional agent work stations are needed for said inbound calls. .Iaddend..Iadd.84. An apparatus for placing and receiving telephone calls, comprising:   a plurality of agent work stations;   an automatic call distributor (ACD) for detecting inbound calls, for placing outbound calls, for detecting the answering of said outbound calls, and for selectably connecting said outbound calls and said inbound calls to said agent work stations; and   a controller; for assigning some agent work stations of said plurality of agent work stations to outbound calls and assigning other agent work stations of said plurality of agent work stations to inbound calls; for determining a rate of placement of said outbound calls in response to said agent work stations being assigned to outbound calls; for causing said ACD to place said outbound calls in response to said rate of placement; responsive to said ACD detecting the answering of said outbound calls for causing said ACD to connect an answered outbound call to an agent work station assigned to outbound calls; for determining whether additional agent work stations are needed for said inbound calls; and for reassigning, from outbound calls to inbound calls, at least one agent work station of said agent work stations assigned to outbound calls if additional agent work stations are needed for said inbound calls.   
     
     
        .Iaddend..Iadd.85.  An apparatus for placing and receiving telephone calls, comprising: a plurality of agent work stations;   an automatic call distributor (ACD) for detecting inbound calls, for placing outbound calls, and for selectably connecting said outbound calls and said inbound calls to said agent work stations;   detection means for detecting the answering of said outbound calls; and   a controller; for assigning some agent work stations of said plurality of agent work stations to outbound calls and assigning other work stations of said plurality of agent work stations to inbound calls; for determining a rate of placement of said outbound calls in response to said agent work stations being assigned to outbound calls; for causing said ACD to place said outbound calls in response to said rate of placement; responsive to said ACD detecting said inbound calls and responsive to said detection means detecting the answering of said outbound calls for controlling said connecting by said ACD; for determining at least one of the following values: (1) an average connection time for said outbound calls, and (2) a hit rate for said outbound calls; and for performing a predetermined one of the following if said determined value is excessive; (a) allowing a next inbound call to ring for a predetermined period before connecting said next inbound call to an agent work station, (b) answering a next inbound call and placing said next inbound call on hold, and (c) answering a next inbound call and conducting an interactive session with said next   
     
     
        inbound call. .Iaddend..Iadd.86.  An apparatus for placing and receiving telephone calls, comprising: a plurality of agent work stations;   an automatic call distributor (ACD) for detecting inbound calls, for placing outbound calls, for detecting the answering of said outbound calls, and for selectably connecting said outbound calls and said inbound calls to said agent work stations; and   a controller for assigning some agent work stations of said plurality of agent work stations to outbound calls and assigning other work agent work stations of said plurality of agent work stations to inbound calls; for determining a rate of placement of said outbound calls in response to said agent work stations being assigned to outbound calls; for causing said ACD to place said outbound calls in response to said rate of placement; responsive to said ACD detecting said inbound calls and detecting the answering of said outbound calls for controlling said connecting by said ACD; for determining at least one of the following values: (1) an average connection time for said outbound calls, and (2) a hit rate for said outbound calls; and for performing a predetermined one of the following if said determined value is excessive; (a) allowing a next inbound call to ring for a predetermined period before connecting said next inbound call to an agent work station, (b) answering a next inbound call and placing said next inbound call on hold, and (c) answering a next inbound call and conducting an interactive session with said next inbound call.   
     
     
        .Iaddend..Iadd.87.  An apparatus for placing and receiving telephone calls, comprising: a plurality of agent work stations;   a dialing means for placing outbound calls;   detection means for detecting the answering of said outbound calls;   an automatic call distributor (ACD) for detecting inbound calls, and for selectably connecting said outbound calls and said inbound calls to said agent work stations; and   a controller; for assigning some agent work stations of said plurality of agent work stations to outbound calls and assigning other agent work stations of said plurality of agent work stations to inbound calls; for determining a rate of placement of said outbound calls in response to said agent work stations being assigned to outbound calls; for causing said dialing means to place said outbound calls in response to said rate of placement; responsive to said detection means detecting the answering of said outbound calls for causing said ACD to connect an answered outbound call to an agent work station assigned to outbound calls; for determining whether additional agent work stations are needed for said inbound calls; and for reassigning, from outbound calls to inbound calls, at least one agent work station of said agent work stations assigned to outbound calls if additional agent work stations are needed for said inbound calls.   
     
     
        .Iaddend..Iadd.88.  An apparatus for placing and receiving telephone calls, comprising: a plurality of agent work stations;   a dialing means for placing outbound calls;   detection means for detecting the answering of said outbound calls;   an automatic call distributor (ACD) for detecting inbound calls, and for selectably connecting said outbound calls and said inbound calls to said agent work stations; and   a controller for assigning some agent work stations of said plurality of agent work stations to outbound calls and assigning other work agent work stations of said plurality of agent work stations to inbound calls; for determining a rate of placement of said outbound calls in response to said agent work stations being assigned to outbound calls; for causing said dialing means to place said outbound calls in response to said rate of placement; responsive to said detection means detecting the answering of said outbound calls for causing said ACD to connect an answered outbound call to an agent work station assigned to outbound calls; for determining at least one of the following values: (1) an average connection time for said outbound calls, and (2) a hit rate for said outbound calls; and for performing a predetermined one of the following if said determined value is excessive: (a) allowing a next inbound call to ring for a predetermined period before connecting said next inbound call to an agent work station, (b) answering a next inbound call and placing said next inbound call on hold, and (c) answering a next inbound call and conducting an interactive   
     
     
        session with said next inbound call. .Iaddend..Iadd.89.  A system for integrating outbound calling and telephone system control to an automatic call distributor (ACD) coupled to a plurality of telephone lines for receiving incoming calls from a plurality of callers and for placing said incoming calls on hold in at least one predetermined hold queue, each of said incoming calls to be distributed and connected to an available operator from among a plurality of operators, each operator having a work station connected to said ACD, each work station comprising an audio device for allowing an operator to converse with a connected party and a data device for allowing said operator to send and receive information concerning said connected party, said system comprising: a telephone dialer for placing at least one outbound telephone call over at least one of said plurality of telephone lines coupled to said ACD, to at least one predetermined telephone number;   a controller, coupled to said ACD, for at least determining a number of said incoming calls on hold in said at least one predetermined hold queue, and responsive to at least said number of said incoming calls on hold in said at least one predetermined hold queue, for directing said telephone dialer to place at least one said outbound telephone call to a called party, and wherein said controller is responsive to a said operator being available for directing said ACD to connect an answered said outbound telephone call to said work station of said available operator; and   wherein said controller establishes a data signal path between at least one database containing called party data and said work station of said available operator, for at least retrieving and transferring called party data to said work station, said called party data associated with and concerning said called party which is presently being connected to said   
     
     
        available operator. .Iaddend..Iadd.90.  A method for integrating outbound calling and overall system control with an automatic call distributor (ACD) coupled to a plurality of telephone lines, said ACD being for receiving incoming calls, for placing incoming calls on hold in at least one predetermined hold queue, and for distributing and connecting said incoming calls to an available operator from among a plurality of operators, each operator having an agent work station comprising an audio device for allowing said operator to converse with a connected party and a data device for allowing said operator to send and receive information concerning said connected party each said agent work station being coupled to said ACD, said method comprising the steps of: determining a number of said incoming calls on hold in said at least one predetermined hold queue;   providing a dialer-controller, coupled to said ACD;   responsive to said determination of said number of incoming calls on hold in said at least one predetermined hold queue, placing at least one outbound telephone call over one of said plurality of telephone lines to at least one predetermined number;   detecting an answered outbound telephone call placed by said dialer-controller to a called party;   responsive to said detecting of an answered outbound telephone call and to a said operator being available, directing said ACD to connect said answered outbound telephone call to said work station of said available operator;   establishing a data signal path between said dialer-controller and said work station of said available operator; and   retrieving and transferring data to said work station of said available operator, said data associated with and concerning said called party at said answered outbound telephone call which is connected to said available   
     
     
        operator. .Iaddend..Iadd.91.  A system for integrating outbound calling and telephone system control to an automatic call distributor (ACD) coupled to a plurality of telephone lines, said ACD receiving incoming calls from a plurality of callers, and for placing said incoming calls on hold in at least one predetermined hold queue, each of said plurality of incoming calls to be distributed and connected to an available operator from among a plurality of operators, each operator having an agent work station comprising an audio device for allowing said operator to converse with a connected party and a data device for allowing said operator to send and receive information concerning said connected party, each said agent work station being coupled to said ACD, said system comprising: a controller, coupled to said ACD, for detecting at least one said available operator, for directing said ACD to connect said at least one outbound telephone call answered by a called party to said work station of said at least one available operator;   a dialer, coupled to said ACD and responsive to said controller, for placing at least one outbound telephone call over one of said plurality of telephone lines coupled to said ACD to at least one predetermined telephone number; and   said controller for establishing a data signal path between a data base and said work station of said at least one available operator, for retrieving data from said data base, and for transferring said data to said work station, said data associated with and concerning said called party being   
     
     
        connected to said at least one available operator. .Iaddend..Iadd.92.  A method for adding and integrating outbound calling and overall system control to an automatic call distributor (ACD) coupled to a plurality of telephone lines, for receiving incoming calls and placing incoming calls on hold in at least one hold queue, and for distributing and connecting said incoming calls to an available operator from among a plurality of operators, each operator having an agent work station comprising an audio device for allowing said operator to converse with a connected party and a data device for allowing said operator to send and receive information concerning said connected party, each said agent work station being coupled to said ACD, said method comprising the steps of: providing a dialer, coupled to said ACD, for placing at least one outbound telephone call;   providing a controller, coupled to said ACD and to said dialer, for at least determining a number of incoming calls on hold in said at least one hold queue;   responsive to said determination of said number of said incoming calls on hold in said at least one hold queue, placing at least one outbound telephone call with said dialer, over one of said plurality of telephone lines coupled to said ACD, to at least one predetermined telephone number;   detecting at least one answered outbound telephone call placed by said dialing means;   placing said at least one answered outbound telephone call in at least one hold queue;   directing said ACD to connect said at least one answered outbound telephone call on hold in said at least one hold queue to a work station of an available operator;   establishing a data signal path between a data storage device and said work station of an available operator; and   retrieving and transferring data to said work station of said available operator from said data storage device, said data being associated with and concerning a called party on said answered outbound telephone call connected to said available operator. .Iaddend.