Method and apparatus for holding a cylinder valve closed during combustion

Abstract

An outwardly opening valve system for an engine includes an engine having a hollow piston cylinder in fluid communication with a gas passageway via an opening. The engine also has a piston bore that opens to the hollow piston cylinder. A portion of the opening includes an outward valve seat positioned adjacent the gas passageway. An outward valve member with a valve face is positioned substantially in the gas passageway. The valve member is moveable between a closed position in which the valve face is against the valve seat closing the opening and an open position in which the valve face is away from the valve seat. An intensifier piston is positioned to reciprocate in the piston bore and has one end contacting gas within the hollow piston cylinder. Finally, a coupling linkage interconnects the intensifier piston to the outward valve member so that the valve member is held closed during combustion by exploiting combustion pressure within the hollow piston cylinder.

I claim: 
     
       1. A method of holding a cylinder valve for an engine closed during combustion, comprising the steps of: providing an engine with a hollow piston cylinder in fluid communication with a gas passageway via an opening, and having a piston bore that opens to said hollow piston cylinder;   including an outward valve seat in said opening adjacent said gas passageway;   providing an outward valve member with a valve face, and said valve member being movable between a closed position in which said valve face is against said valve seat closing said opening and an open position in which valve face is away from said valve seat;   positioning an intensifier piston in said piston bore so that one end contacts gas within said hollow piston cylinder; and   coupling said intensifier piston to said outward valve member.Iadd., at least in part with an over center device, .Iaddend.such that a force on said intensifier piston from combustion pressure within said hollow piston cylinder is transformed into a force on said outward valve member that is opposite in direction and greater in magnitude to a force on said outward valve member from said combustion pressure within said hollow piston cylinder.   
     
     
       2. The method of claim 1 wherein said coupling step is accomplished by mechanically linking said intensifier piston to said .[.outward valve member.]. .Iadd.over center device.Iaddend.. 
     
     
       3. The method of claim 1 wherein said coupling step is accomplished by hydraulically linking said intensifier piston to said .[.outward valve member.]. .Iadd.over center device.Iaddend.. 
     
     
       4. An outwardly opening valve system for an engine, comprising: an engine having a hollow piston cylinder in fluid communication with a gas passageway via an opening, and having a piston bore that opens to said hollow piston cylinder;   said opening including an outward valve seat adjacent said gas passageway;   an outward valve member with a valve face, and said valve member being movable between a closed position in which said valve face is against said valve seat closing said opening and an open position in which said valve face is away from said valve seat;   an intensifier piston positioned in said piston bore with one end contacting gas within said hollow piston cylinder; and   a coupling linkage.Iadd., which includes an over center device, .Iaddend.interconnecting said intensifier piston and said outward valve member.   
     
     
       5. The outwardly opening valve system of claim 4 wherein said coupling linkage includes: a first hydraulic plunger with one end attached to said outward valve member .Iadd.via said over center device .Iaddend.and an other end contacting a hydraulic fluid in a fluid cavity; and   a second hydraulic plunger with one end attached to said intensifier piston and an other end contacting said hydraulic fluid in said fluid cavity.   
     
     
       6. The outwardly opening valve system of claim 5 further comprising: a re-supply passageway opening to said fluid cavity; and   a check valve positioned in said re-supply passage and being operable to prevent back flow of said hydraulic fluid from said fluid cavity into said re-supply passage.   
     
     
       7. The outwardly opening valve system of claim 4 wherein said hollow piston cylinder is bounded by a surface; and said one end of said intensifier piston is about flush with said surface during combustion in said hollow piston cylinder.   
     
     
       8. The outwardly opening valve system of claim 4 wherein said coupling linkage includes a rocker arm pivotably mounted on said engine and having a first arm connected to said outward valve member and an other arm connected to said intensifier piston. .Iadd. 
     
     
       9.  The outwardly opening valve system of claim 4 wherein said over center device is movable between a locked position and an off center position. .Iaddend..Iadd.10. The outwardly opening valve system of claim 4 wherein said coupling linkage includes a fluid cavity filled with an amount of a hydraulic fluid. .Iaddend..Iadd.11. The outwardly opening valve system of claim 10 wherein said outward valve member is movable toward said open position without evacuating a portion of said hydraulic fluid from said fluid cavity. .Iaddend..Iadd.12. An outwardly opening valve system including: an engine having a hollow piston cylinder in fluid communication with a gas passageway via an opening, and having a piston bore that opens to said hollow piston cylinder;   said opening including an outward valve seat adjacent said gas passageway;   an outward valve member with a valve face, and said valve member being movable between a closed position in which said valve face is against said valve seat closing said opening and an open position in which said valve face is away from said valve seat;   an intensifier piston positioned in said piston bore with one end contacting gas within said hollow piston cylinder;   a coupling linkage interconnecting said intensifier piston and said outward valve member, which includes a fluid cavity filled with a hydraulic fluid; and   said outward valve member being movable toward said open position without evacuating a portion of said hydraulic fluid from said fluid cavity. .Iaddend..Iadd.13. The outwardly opening valve system of claim 12 wherein said piston bore opens through a top of said hollow piston cylinder. .Iaddend..Iadd.14. The outwardly opening valve system of claim 12 wherein said coupling linkage includes:   a first hydraulic plunger with one end operably connected to said outward valve member and an other end contacting said hydraulic fluid in said fluid cavity; and   a second hydraulic plunger with one end operably connected to said intensifier piston and an other end contacting said hydraulic fluid in   
     
     
        said fluid cavity. .Iaddend..Iadd.15.  The outwardly opening valve system of claim 14 further including an over center device positioned between said first hydraulic plunger and said outward valve member. .Iaddend..Iadd.16. The outwardly opening valve system of claim 15 wherein said piston bore opens through a top of said hollow piston cylinder. .Iaddend..Iadd.17. An outwardly opening valve system including: an engine having a hollow piston cylinder in fluid communication with a gas passageway via an opening, and having a piston bore that opens to said hollow piston cylinder;   said opening including an outward valve seat adjacent said gas passageway;   an outward valve member with a valve face, and said valve member being movable between a closed position in which said valve face is against said valve seat closing said opening and an open position in which said valve face is away from said valve seat;   an intensifier piston positioned in said piston bore with one end contacting gas within said hollow piston cylinder; and   a mechanical coupling linkage interconnecting said intensifier piston and said outward valve member. .Iaddend..Iadd.18. The outward opening valve system of claim 17 means said mechanical coupling linkage includes a rocker arm. .Iaddend..Iadd.19. The method of claim 3 wherein said hydraulically linking includes a fluid cavity filled with an amount of a hydraulic fluid; and the method further includes:   moving said outward valve member toward said open position without evacuating a portion of said hydraulic fluid from said fluid cavity. .Iaddend.