Nasal administration of benzodiazepine hypnotics

Abstract

Nasal administration of benzodiazepines is described as providing improved therapeutic effects as compared to conventional delivery techniques. The compositions comprise a benzodiazepine hypnotic in a pharmaceutically acceptable nasal carrier.

What is claimed is: 
     
       1. A composition for the administration of a hypnotic drug comprising a systemically effective amount of a benzodiazepine in a pharmaceutically acceptable .Iadd.aqueous .Iaddend.nasal carrier. 
     
     
       2. The composition of claim 1, wherein the hypnotic drug comprises the free base or pharmaceutically acceptable salt of a benzodiazepine. 
     
     
       3. The composition of claim 1, wherein the benzodiazepine is totally solubilized in the carrier. 
     
     
       4. The composition of claim 2, wherein a portion of the benzodiazepine is dispersed in undissolved form in the carrier. 
     
     
       5. The composition of claim 2, wherein the benzodiazepine comprises triazolam. 
     
     
       6. The composition of claim 2, wherein the benzodiazepine comprises midazolam. 
     
     
       7. The composition of claim 2, wherein the benzodiazepine comprises temazepam. 
     
     
       8. The composition of claim 2, wherein the benzodiazepine .[.is.]. .Iadd.comprises .Iaddend.diazepam. 
     
     
       9. The composition of claim 2, wherein the benzodiazepine comprises flurazepam. 
     
     
       10. A method for inducing an improved pharmacological response in a mammal comprising the nasal administration of a composition comprising a systemically effective amount of a benzodiazepine in a pharmaceutically acceptable .Iadd.aqueous .Iaddend.nasal carrier. 
     
     
       11. The method of claim 10, wherein the benzodiazepine is essentially totally solubilized in the carrier to induce an improved onset of pharmacological response. 
     
     
       12. The method of claim 10, wherein the composition is nasally administered to a human subject in an amount effective for the improvement of sleep. 
     
     
       13. The composition of claim 2, wherein the pharmaceutically acceptable salt of a benzodiazepine is a carboxylic acid salt having from about 10 to about 30 carbon atoms. 
     
     
       14. The method of claim 10, wherein the pharmaceutically acceptable salt of a benzodiazepine is a carboxylic acid salt having from about 10 to about 30 carbon atoms. 
     
     
       15. The composition of claim 2, wherein the benzodiazepine is in a solution, suspension or gel .[.composed in major amount of.]. .Iadd.which includes .Iaddend.water. 
     
     
       16. The method of claim 10, wherein the benzodiazepine is in a solution, suspension or gel .[.composed in major amount of.]. .Iadd.which includes .Iaddend.water. .Iadd.17. The composition of claim 1, wherein the carrier is composed of water..Iaddend..Iadd.18. The composition of claim 17, having the physical form of a spray..Iaddend..Iadd.19. The composition of claim 18, wherein the benzodiazepine is selected from the group consisting of triazolam, midazolam, temazepam, diazepam and flurazepam..Iaddend..Iadd.20. The composition of claim 1, wherein the 
     
     
        carrier consists essentially of water..Iaddend..Iadd.21.  The composition 
     
     
        of claim 17 filled in an aerosol container..Iaddend..Iadd.22.  The composition of claim 1, wherein the benzodiazepine is in a solution, suspension or gel composed in major amount of water..Iaddend..Iadd.23. The composition of claim 22, having the physical form of a spray..Iaddend..Iadd.24. The composition of claim 22 filed in an aerosol 
     
     
        container..Iaddend..Iadd.25.  A method for treating a mammal suffering from anxiety comprising administering nasally a systemically effective amount of midazolam in a pharmaceutically acceptable nasal carrier during a period of anxiety..Iaddend.