Quadrupole ion trap with switchable multipole fractions

Abstract

An ion trap is provided in which higher multipole field fractions can be switched on and off and, in addition, can be electrically tuned. Specifically, the electrodes of an ideally shaped ion trap are divided into rotationally symmetrical component electrodes positioned facing the interior of the ion trap on a hyperboloidal surface with rotationally symmetry.

What is claimed is: 
     
       1. An RF quadrupole ion trap comprising: electrodes adapted for generating a quadrupole storage field, and an RF source .[.for applying.]. .Iadd.that generates .Iaddend.a first RF voltage .Iadd.that is applied .Iaddend.to the electrodes for generating the quadrupole field, wherein at least one of the electrodes comprises a plurality of component electrodes, each of the component electrodes being mutually electrically insulated from each other, and the component electrodes being positioned facing the interior of the ion trap on a .[.hyperboloidal.]. surface with rotational symmetry, such as to permit the application to the ion trap by means of the component electrodes of at least one higher multiple field superposed on the quadrupole field; .Iadd.and .Iaddend.   .[.means for applying.]. a second RF voltage .Iadd.that may be applied .Iaddend.to the component electrodes having the same frequency as the first RF voltage, for generating the at least one higher multiple field.[.; and   switching means for enabling selective activation and deactivation of the at least one higher multiple field during operation of the ion trap.]..   
     
     
       2. An ion trap as claimed in claim 1, wherein the .[.RF source and the means for applying a second RF voltage are phase-synchronized such that the.]. first and second RF voltages have the same phase. 
     
     
       3. An ion trap as claimed in claim 1, wherein means are provided for applying, in addition to said first and second RF voltages further alternating voltages of other frequencies for exciting secular oscillations of ions stored in the ion trap. 
     
     
       4. An ion trap as claimed in claim 1, having a single RF generator for generating said first and second RF voltages. 
     
     
       5. An ion trap as claimed in claim 4, including at least one voltage divider for generation of the quadrupole field and any additional higher multipole fields. 
     
     
       6. An ion trap as claimed in claim 5, wherein the at least one voltage divider is a potentiometer-type resistor. 
     
     
       7. An ion trap as claimed in claim 5, wherein the at least one voltage divider is a capacitor voltage divider. 
     
     
       8. An ion trap as claimed in claim 7, wherein at least a part of the electrical capacitance of the capacitor voltage divider is accounted for by electrical capacitance between electrodes of the ion trap. 
     
     
       9. An ion trap as claimed in claim 1, including means for modifying at least one of the RF voltages for generation of the additional higher multipole fields. 
     
     
       10. An ion trap as claimed in claim 9, including means for short-circuiting the component electrodes, for generating a simple quadrupole field. 
     
     
       11. An ion trap as claimed in claim 5, including means for modifying at least one of the RF voltages for generation of the quadrupole field and of additional higher multipole fields between two component voltages of the respective voltage divider. 
     
     
       12. An ion trap as claimed in claim 1, including a plurality of switches for switching over the first and second RF voltages to several different component voltages. 
     
     
       13. A method of operating an RF quadrupole ion trap, which method comprises: containing ions within an RF quadrupole ion trap having electrodes adapted for generating a quadrupole storage field, and an RF source .[.for applying.]. .Iadd.that generates .Iaddend.a first RF voltage .Iadd.that is applied .Iaddend.to the electrodes for generating the quadrupole field, wherein one or more of the electrodes is constituted by a plurality of component electrodes, each of the component electrodes being mutually electrically insulated from one another, and the component electrodes being positioned facing the interior of the ion trap on a .[.hyperboloidal.]. surface with rotational symmetry, such as to permit the application to the ion trap by means of the component electrodes of at least one higher multiple field superposed on the quadrupole field; .Iadd.and .Iaddend.   applying a second RF voltage to the component electrodes having the same frequency as the first RF voltage, for generating the at least one higher multiple field.[.; and   enabling, with switching means, selective activation and deactivation of the at least one higher multiple field during operation of the ion trap and selectively i) short circuiting the component electrodes such that they are equivalent to a single electrode, and   ii) applying to the component electrodes an RF voltage to generate a higher multiple field.].. .Iadd.14. An ion trap as claimed in claim 1 wherein the inner surface is hyperboloidal..Iaddend..Iadd.15. An ion trap as claimed in claim 1 further comprising a switching apparatus that allows selective activation and deactivation of the at least one higher multiple field during operation of the trap..Iaddend..Iadd.16. A method as claimed in claim 13 further comprising, as part of containing ions within an RF quadrupole ion trap, using a hyperboloidal surface for said surface with     
     
     
        rotational symmetry..Iaddend..Iadd.17.  A method as claimed in claim 13 further comprising selectively activating and deactivating the at least one higher multiple field during operation of the ion trap..Iaddend..Iadd.18. A method as claimed in claim 17 wherein selectively activating and deactivating the at least one higher multiple field comprises selectively: i) short circuiting the component electrodes such that they are equivalent to a single electrode; and   ii) applying to the component electrodes an RF voltage to generate a higher   
     
     
        multiple field..Iaddend..Iadd.19.  An RP quadrupole ion trap comprising: electrodes adapted for generating a quadrupole storage field, and an RF source for applying a first RF voltage to the electrodes for generating the quadrupole field, wherein at least one of the electrodes comprises a plurality of component electrodes, each of the component electrodes being mutually electrically insulated from each other, and the component electrodes being positioned facing the interior of the ion trap on a hyperboloidal surface with rotational symmetry, such as to permit the application to the ion trap by means of the component electrodes of at least one higher multipole field superposed on the quadrupole field;   means for applying a second RF voltage to the component electrodes having the same frequency as the first RF voltage, for generating the at least one higher multipole field; and   switching means for enabling selective activation and deactivation of the at least one higher multipole field during operation of the ion   
     
     
        trap..Iaddend..Iadd.20.  An ion trap as claimed in claim 19, wherein the RF source and the means for applying a second RF voltage are phase-synchronized such that the first and second RF voltages have the same phase..Iaddend..Iadd.21. An ion trap as claimed in claim 19, wherein means are provided for applying, in addition to said first and second RF voltages further alternating voltages of other frequencies for exciting secular oscillations of ions stored in the ion trap..Iaddend..Iadd.22. An ion trap as claimed in claim 19, having a single RF generator for generating said first and second RF voltages..Iaddend..Iadd.23. An ion trap as claimed in claim 22, including at least one voltage divider for generation of the quadrupole field and any additional higher multipole fields..Iaddend..Iadd.24. An ion trap as claimed in claim 23, wherein the at least one voltage divider is a potentiometer-type resistor..Iaddend..Iadd.25. An ion trap as claimed in claim 23, wherein the at least one voltage divider is a capacitor voltage 
     
     
        divider..Iaddend..Iadd.26.  An ion trap as claimed in claim 25, wherein at least a part of the electrical capacitance of the capacitor voltage divider is accounted for by electrical capacitance between electrodes of the ion trap..Iaddend..Iadd.27. An ion trap as claimed in claim 23, including means for modifying at least one of the RF voltages for generation of the quadrupole field and of additional higher multipole fields between two component voltages of the respective voltage divider..Iaddend..Iadd.28. An ion trap as claimed in claim 19, including means for modifying at least one of the RF voltages for generation of the additional higher multipole fields..Iaddend..Iadd.29. An ion trap as claimed in claim 28, including means for short-circuiting the component electrodes, for generating a simple quadrupole field..Iaddend..Iadd.30. An ion trap as claimed in claim 19, including a plurality of switches for switching over the first and second RF voltages to several different component voltages..Iaddend..Iadd.31. A method of operating an RF quadrupole ion trap, which method comprises: containing ions within an RF quadrupole ion trap having electrodes adapted for generating a quadrupole storage field, and an RF source for applying a first RF voltage to the electrodes for generating the quadrupole field, wherein one or more of the electrodes is constituted by a plurality of component electrodes, each of the component electrodes being mutually electrically insulated from one another, and the component electrodes being positioned facing the interior of the ion trap on a hyperboloidal surface with rotational symmetry, such as permit the application to the ion trap by means of the component electrodes of at least one higher multipole field superposed on the quadrupole field;   applying a second RF voltage to the component electrodes having the same frequency as the first RF voltage, for generating the at least one higher multipole field; and   enabling, with switching means, selective activation and deactivation of the at least one higher multipole field during operation of the ion trap and selectively i) short circuiting the component electrodes such that they are equivalent to a single electrode, and   ii) applying to the component electrodes an RF voltage to generate a higher multiple field..Iaddend.