Accumulating fuel injection apparatus

Abstract

This accumulating fuel injection apparatus is provided with a needle valve 6 adapted to open and close an injection nozzle 11 having injection ports 14 in a lower end portion thereof, a balancing chamber 5 formed in a casing 2 so as to apply a fuel pressure to a head portion of the needle valve 6, a supply passage including a slit 10 and used for supplying a fuel from a fuel supply port 19 to the balancing chamber 5, a discharge passage 20 comprising an orifice for discharging the fuel from the balancing chamber 5, and a solenoid valve 22 adapted to open and close the discharge passage 20, the lift of a valve disc 26 of the solenoid valve 22 is controlled by a lift control means comprising a stopper 28 the position of which is controlled by a lift control mechanism 23. The opening area of the discharge passage 20 comprising an orifice increases and decreases in accordance with the lift of the valve disc 26, and the lift of the needle valve 6 is determined so that the opening area of the slit 10 facing the interior of the balancing chamber 5 increases and decreases correspondingly to the flow rate of the fuel passing through the discharge passage 20, the degree of opening of the injection nozzle 11 increasing and decreasing accordingly.

I claim:  
     
       1. An accumulating fuel injection apparatus comprising an injection nozzle provided with injection ports in a lower end portion thereof, a needle valve adapted to open and close said injection ports, a balancing chamber adapted to apply a fuel pressure to said needle valve, a supply passage for supplying a fuel from a fuel supply port formed in said injection nozzle to said balancing chamber, a discharge passage for discharging the fuel from said balancing chamber, a solenoid valve adapted to open and close said discharge passage, and a means for controlling the lift of said solenoid valve; the lift of said solenoid valve, the opening area of said discharge passage which increases and decreases in accordance with lift of said solenoid valve, the lift of said needle valve which increases and decreases in accordance with the opening area of said discharge passage, the opening area of said supply passage which increases and decreases in accordance with the lift of said needle valve, and the degree of opening of said injection ports which increases and decreases in accordance with the lift of said needle valve being controlled by an operation of said lift control means. 
     
     
       2. An accumulating fuel injection apparatus according to  claim 1 , wherein said lift control means is a stopper adapted to limit a movement of a valve disc of said valve in at least two positions by deenergizing or energizing a solenoid thereof. 
     
     
       3. An accumulating fuel injection apparatus according to  claim 1 , wherein said supply passage includes a groove type passage formed between said needle valve and a valve casing guiding said needle valve slidingly, the opening area of said supply passage is an opening area of an orifice at which said groove type passage faces said balancing chamber. 
     
     
       4. An accumulating fuel injection apparatus according to  claim 1 , wherein the degree of opening of said injection nozzle is increased and decreased in accordance with the lift of said needle valve which is away from a valve seat in a position just on the upstream side of said injection ports. 
     
     
       5. An accumulating fuel injection apparatus according to  claim 1 , wherein the degree of opening of said injection nozzle is increased and decreased by changing the opening area of said injection ports by said needle valve. 
     
     
       6. An accumulating fuel injection apparatus according to  claim 5 , wherein said injection ports comprise a plurality of injection ports, the opening area of said injection ports being increased and decreased by changing the number of opened injection ports. 
     
     
       7. An accumulating fuel injection apparatus according to  claim 1 , wherein said supply passage has a conduit resistance high enough to generate a differential pressure in the direction in which said injection nozzle is closed with respect to a fuel flow. 
     
     
       8. An accumulating fuel injection apparatus according to  claim 1 , wherein said apparatus is provided with a return spring urging said needle valve in the injection nozzle closing direction. 
     
     
       9. An accumulating fuel injection apparatus according to  claim 1 , wherein said apparatus is provided with a throttle in said fuel supply passage extending from said fuel supply port to said injection nozzle. 
     
     
       10. An accumulating fuel injection apparatus according to  claim 1 , wherein the opening area of said discharge passage is set small when a load is low, and large when a load is high. 
     
     
       11. An accumulating fuel injection apparatus comprising 
       
         an injection nozzle provided with injection ports in a lower end portion thereof,  
       
       
         a first valve comprising a needle valve adapted to open and close said injection ports,  
       
       
         a balancing chamber adapted to apply a fuel pressure to said needle valve,  
       
       
         a supply passage for supplying a fuel from a fuel supply port formed in said injection nozzle to said balancing chamber,  
       
       
         a discharge passage for discharging the fuel from said balancing chamber  
       
       
         a second valve adapted to open and close said discharge passage, and  
       
       
         a means for controlling the lift of said second valve;  
       
       
         the opening area of said discharge passage which increases and decreases in accordance with lift of said second valve, the lift of said needle valve which increases and decreases in accordance with the opening area of said discharge passage, the opening area of said supply passage which increases and decreases in accordance with the lift of said needle valve, and the degree of opening of said injection ports which increases and decreases in accordance with the lift of said needle valve being controlled by an operation of said lift control means. 
       
     
     
       12. An accumulating fuel injection apparatus comprising 
       
         an injection nozzle provided with injection ports in a lower end portion thereof,  
       
       
         a needle valve adapted to open and close said injection ports,  
       
       
         a balancing chamber adapted to apply a fuel pressure to said needle valve,  
       
       
         a supply passage for supplying a fuel from a fuel supply port formed in said injection nozzle to said balancing chamber, and  
       
       
         a discharge passage for discharging the fuel from said balancing chamber,  
       
       
         the lift of said needle valve increasing and decreasing in accordance with the opening area of said discharge passage, the opening area of said supply passage increasing and decreasing in accordance with the lift of said needle valve, and the degree of opening of said injection ports increasing and decreasing in accordance with the lift of said needle valve,  
       
       
         the degree of opening of said injection ports being controlled in accordance with an opening area of the discharge passage using a variable lift valve. 
       
     
     
       13. An accumulating fuel injection apparatus comprising 
       
         an injection nozzle provided with injection ports in a lower end portion thereof,  
       
       
         a needle valve adapted to open and close said injection ports,  
       
       
         a balancing chamber adapted to apply a fuel pressure to said needle valve,  
       
       
         a supply passage for supplying a fuel from a fuel supply port formed in said injection nozzle to said balancing chamber, and  
       
       
         a discharge passage for discharging the fuel from said balancing chamber,  
       
       
         the lift of said needle valve increasing and decreasing in accordance with the opening area of said discharge passage, the opening area of said supply passage increasing and decreasing in accordance with the lift of said needle valve, and the degree of opening of said injection ports increasing and decreasing in accordance with the lift of said needle valve,  
       
       
         wherein said supply passage includes a groove type passage formed between said needle valve and a valve casing guiding said needle valve slidingly, and the opening area of said supply passage is an opening area of an orifice at which said groove type passage faces said balancing chamber. 
       
     
     
       14. An accumulating fuel injection apparatus comprising 
       
         an injection nozzle provided with injection ports in a lower end portion thereof,  
       
       
         a needle valve adapted to open and close said injection ports,  
       
       
         a balancing chamber adapted to apply a fuel pressure to said needle valve,  
       
       
         a supply passage for supplying a fuel from a fuel supply port formed in said injection nozzle to said balancing chamber, and  
       
       
         a discharge passage for discharging the fuel from said balancing chamber,  
       
       
         the lift of said needle valve increasing and decreasing in accordance with the opening area of said discharge passage, the opening area of said supply passage increasing and decreasing in accordance with the lift of said needle valve, and the degree of opening of said injection ports increasing and decreasing in accordance with the lift of said needle valve,  
       
       
         wherein the degree of opening of said injection nozzle is increased and decreased in accordance with the lift of said needle valve which is away from a valve seat in a position just on the upstream side of said injection ports. 
       
     
     
       15. An accumulating fuel injection apparatus comprising 
       
         an injection nozzle provided with injection ports in a lower end portion thereof,  
       
       
         a needle valve adapted to open and close said injection ports,  
       
       
         a balancing chamber adapted to apply a fuel pressure to said needle valve,  
       
       
         a supply passage for supplying a fuel from a fuel supply port formed in said injection nozzle to said balancing chamber, and  
       
       
         a discharge passage for discharging the fuel from said balancing chamber,  
       
       
         the lift of said needle valve increasing and decreasing in accordance with the opening area of said discharge passage, the opening area of said supply passage increasing and decreasing in accordance with the lift of said needle valve, and the degree of opening of said injection ports increasing and decreasing in accordance with the lift of said needle valve,  
       
       
         wherein the degree of opening of said injection nozzle is increased and decreased by changing the opening area of said injection ports by said needle valves. 
       
     
     
       16. An accumulating fuel injection apparatus comprising 
       
         an injection nozzle provided with injection ports in a lower end portion thereof,  
       
       
         a needle valve adapted to open and close said injection ports,  
       
       
         a balancing chamber adapted to apply a fuel pressure to said needle valve,  
       
       
         a supply passage for supplying a fuel from a fuel supply port formed in said injection nozzle to said balancing chamber,  
       
       
         a discharge passage for discharging the fuel from said balancing chamber, and  
       
       
         means for varying the opening of the discharge passage, the lift of said needle valve increasing and decreasing in accordance with the opening area of said discharge passage, the opening area of said supply passage increasing and decreasing in accordance with the lift of said needle valve, and the degree of opening of said injection ports increasing and decreasing in accordance with the lift of said needle valve.