Method and apparatus for forcing piles into or out of the ground

Abstract

An apparatus, connectable to a driving machine with an articulated boom system, which is operated by percussion energy and drives into or draws up from the ground piles or walls and grasps with its gripping jaws objects ( 17 ) on the ground or objects that are to be driven into the ground characterized in that the apparatus comprises a turning equipment system that transmits percussion energy to the object in order to grip with its jaws ( 16 ) the object both with a firm hold of the jaws in the blow direction and an essentially vertical grip of the jaws and that the apparatus transmits the percussion force to the object in line with its travel direction when both grips with the jaws are used.

I claim:  
     
       1. Pile driving apparatus comprising: 
       an articulated boom system adapted to transmit a percussive driving force to a pile driver attached to said boom;  
       hydraulic means mounted on said boom for controlling the position of a pile driver attached to said boom to orient the attached pile driver into a pile driving position; and  
       a pile driver attached to said boom, said pile driver comprising first and second spaced apart gripping jaws, means for permitting movement of said first and second jaws between a first position in which the first and second gripping jaws are oriented vertically away from said movement permitting means and spaced apart horizontally for grasping a horizontally oriented pile or wall edge, and a second position in which the first and second gripping jaws are oriented horizontally away from said movement permitting means and spaced apart vertically for gripping a vertically oriented pile or wall edge, means for locking said first and second gripping jaws in said first position for gripping a horizontally oriented pile or wall edge at first and second horizontally spaced apart positions along said pile or wall edge and for locking said first and second gripping jaws in said second position for gripping a vertically oriented pile or wall edge at first and second vertically spaced apart positions along said pile or wall edge for driving a vertically oriented pile or wall gripped by said first and second spaced apart gripping jaws;  
       said apparatus further comprising valve means for disengaging said hydraulic means from control of said position of said attached pile driver.  
     
     
       2. Apparatus according to  claim 1  comprising a further gripping jaw oriented at right angles to said first and second spaced-apart gripping jaws such that said further gripping jaw is oriented substantially vertically downward when said first and second jaws are oriented substantially horizontally. 
     
     
       3. Apparatus according to  claim 1  wherein at least one of said first and second jaws includes a gripping member mounted on at least one gripping face of said at least one of said first and second jaws, said gripping member having a pre-determined gripping orientation, and wherein said apparatus further comprises means for mounting said gripping member on said gripping face such that the gripping member can be positioned in said pre-determined gripping orientation when said first and second gripping jaws are in said first or second position. 
     
     
       4. A method of driving a pile or wall into the ground or of drawing a pile or wall out of the ground which comprises gripping a pile or wall with pile driving apparatus according to  claim 1 , and applying a percussive force to said pile driver to drive the gripped pile or wall into the ground or to draw the gripped pile or wall out of the ground. 
     
     
       5. A method according to  claim 4 , wherein the pile is driven into the ground and wherein, after the pile is partially driven into the ground, said valve means is actuated to disengage said hydraulic means before the pile is fully driven into the ground. 
     
     
       6. Pile driving apparatus comprising: 
       
         an articulated boom system adapted to transmit a percussive driving force to a pile driver attached to said boom;  
       
       
         a hydraulic system mounted on said boom which controls the position of a pile driver attached to said boom to orient the attached pile driver into a pile driving position;  
       
       
         a pile driver attached to said boom, said pile driver comprising  
       
       
         a main part,  
       
       
         first and second spaced apart gripping jaws, and  
       
       
         means for permitting movement of said first and second jaws between a first position in which the first and second gripping jaws are oriented vertically away from said movement permitting means and spaced apart horizontally for grasping a horizontally oriented pile or wall edge, and  
       
       
         a second position in which the first and second gripping jaws are oriented horizontally away from said movement permitting means and spaced apart vertically for gripping a vertically oriented pile or wall edge; and  
       
         means  ( a )  for moving said first and second gripping jaws to and locking said first and second gripping jaws in said first position for gripping a horizontally oriented pile or wall edge at first and second horizontally spaced apart positions along said pile or wall edge and  ( b )  for moving said first and second gripping jaws to and locking said first and second gripping jaws in said second position for gripping a vertically oriented pile or wall edge at first and second vertically spaced apart positions along said pile or wall edge for driving a vertically oriented pile or wall gripped by said first and second spaced apart gripping jaws.   
     
     
       7. Pile driving apparatus according to  claim 6  wherein each of said first and second gripping jaws, when the pile driver is oriented in the pile driving position, comprises a pair of opposed, horizontally extending jaw members, each of said extending jaw members having a vertically oriented gripping face. 
     
     
       8. Pile driving apparatus according to  claim 7  wherein a jaw member of each of said pairs of said jaw members is movable relative to the other jaw member of a respective pair of said jaw members, and wherein the apparatus further comprises means for moving each of said movable jaw members relative to the other jaw member of a respective pair of jaw members.