Reverse rotation prevention for scroll compressors

Abstract

In a scroll compressor, under conditions favoring reverse operation, the scroll wraps are separated so as to provide a continuous, unimpeded path through the scrolls. Spring bias, a repositioning of driving contact areas and/or force areas can be used singly or in combination to cause separation of the wraps.

What is claimed is:  
     
       1. A scroll compressor means including a pair of scrolls one of which being an orbiting scroll, a slider block and a crankshaft wherein said orbiting scroll has a hub with a bore which has an axis and which receives said slider block, and said crankshaft has an axis of rotation and a drive pin which is received in a bore in said slider block, one of said pin and said slider block having a flat surface normally engaged by the other one of said pin and said slider block, said bore in said slider block being larger than said pin and generally coaxial with said bore in said hub and said drive pin acting through said slider block to drive said orbiting scroll during normal operation and said orbiting scroll tending to act through said slider block to drive said drive pin and crankshaft during reverse operation and pressure equalization through said compressor means at shutdown, reverse rotation prevention means comprising: 
       said orbiting scroll and said slider block being movable with respect to said drive pin along said flat surface between a first position in which said orbiting scroll engages the other one of said pair of scrolls during normal operation and a second position in which said orbiting scroll is separated from the other one of said pair of scrolls upon slowing down and any tendency for reverse operation and pressure equalization;  
       centrifugal force produced solely by movement of said orbiting scroll and said slider block during normal operation tends to keep said orbiting scroll and said slider block in said first position;  
       means for causing said orbiting scroll and said slider block to move along said flat surface from said first position to said second position under conditions associated with slowing down and reverse operation whereby said pair of scrolls is separated, an unimpeded flow path is established through said compressor means and reversing torque caused by gas loads is decreased by reduction of orbit radius.  
     
     
       2. The scroll compressor means of  claim 1  wherein said means for causing said orbiting scroll and slider block to move from said first to said second position includes spring means. 
     
     
       3. The scroll compressor means of  claim 2  wherein said spring means acts between said slider block and said drive pin in a manner that tends to radially separate said pair of scrolls. 
     
     
       4. The scroll compressor means of  claim 2  wherein said means for causing said orbiting scroll and slider block to move from said first to said second position further includes a line of action between said drive pin and said slider block at an acute angle to a plane defined by said axis of rotation and said axis of said bore. 
     
     
       5. The scroll compressor means of  claim 4  wherein said acute angle is between 5° and 30°. 
     
     
       6. The scroll compressor means of  claim 1  wherein said means for causing said orbiting scroll and slider block to move from said first to said second position includes a line of action between said drive pin and said slider block at an acute angle to a plane defined by said axis of rotation and said axis of said bore. 
     
     
       7. The scroll compressor means of  claim 6  wherein said acute angle is between 5° and 30°. 
     
     
       8. The scroll compressor means of  claim 1  wherein said means for causing said orbiting scroll and slider block to move from said first to said second position includes a first line of action between said drive pin and said slider block in said first position and a second line of action between said drive pin and said slider block in said second position. 
     
     
       9. The scroll compressor means of  claim 1  wherein said means for causing said orbiting scroll and slider block to move from said first to said second position includes a continuously varying line of action between said drive pin and said slider block between said first and second positions as said pair of scrolls radially separate. 
     
     
       10. A scroll compressor means including a pair of scrolls one of which being an orbiting scroll, a slider block and a crankshaft wherein said orbiting scroll has a hub with a bore which has an axis and which receives said slider block, and said crankshaft has an axis of rotation and a drive pin which is received in a bore in said slider block, one of said pin and said slider block having a flat surface normally engaged by the other one of said pin and said slider block, said bore in said slider block being larger than said pin and generally coaxial with said bore in said hub and said drive pin acting through said slider block to drive said orbiting scroll during normal operation and said orbiting scroll tending to act through said slider block to drive said drive pin and crankshaft during reverse operation and pressure equalization through said compressor means at shutdown, reverse rotation prevention means comprising: 
       
         said orbiting scroll and said slider block being movable with respect to said drive pin along said flat surface between a first position in which said orbiting scroll engages the other one of said pair of scrolls during normal operation and a second position in which said orbiting scroll is separated from the other one of said pair of scrolls upon slowing down and any tendency for reverse operation and pressure equalization;  
       
       
         centrifugal force produced solely by movement of said orbiting scroll and said slider block during normal operation tends to keep said orbiting scroll and said slider block in said first position;  
       
       
         means for causing said orbiting scroll and said slider block to move along said flat surface from said first position to said second position and to separate said pair of scrolls during slowing down of said compressor before any reverse rotation occurs, establishing an unimpeded flow path through said compressor means and decreasing reversing torque caused by gas loads by reduction of orbit radius;  
       
       
         wherein said means for causing said orbiting scroll and slider block to move from said first to said second position includes spring means and further including said flat surface being oriented at an acute angle to a plane defined by said axis of rotation and an axis of rotation of said drive pin. 
       
     
     
       11. A scroll compressor means including a pair of scrolls one of which being an orbiting scroll, a slider block and a crankshaft wherein said orbiting scroll has a hub with a bore which has an axis and which receives said slider block, and said crankshaft has an axis of rotation and a drive pin which is received in a bore in said slider block, one of said pin and said slider block having flat surface normally engaged by the other one of said pin and said slider block, said bore in said slider block being larger than said pin and generally coaxial with said bore in said hub and said drive pin acting through said slider block to drive said orbiting scroll during normal operation and said orbiting scroll tending to act through said slider block to drive said drive pin and crankshaft during reverse operation and pressure equalization through said compressor means at shutdown, reverse rotation prevention means comprising: 
       
         said orbiting scroll and said slider block being movable with respect to said drive pin along said flat surface between a first position in which said orbiting scroll engages the other one of said pair of scrolls during normal operation and a second position in which said orbiting scroll is separated from the other one of said pair of scrolls upon slowing down and any tendency for reverse operation and pressure equalization;  
       
       
         centrifugal force produced solely by movement of said orbiting scroll and said slider block during normal operation tends to keep said orbiting scroll and said slider block in said first position;  
       
       
         means for causing said orbiting scroll and said slider block to move along said flat surface from said first position to said second position and to separate said pair of scrolls during slowing down of said compressor before any reverse rotation occurs, establishing an unimpeded flow path through said compressor means and decreasing reversing torque caused by gas loads by reduction of orbit radius, said means for causing including said flat surface being oriented at an acute angle to a plane defined by said axis of rotation and an axis of rotation of said drive pin. 
       
     
     
       12. A scroll compressor means including a pair of scrolls one of which being an orbiting scroll, a slider block and a crankshaft wherein said orbiting scroll has a hub with a bore which has an axis and which receives said slider block, and said crankshaft has an axis of rotation and a drive pin which is received in a bore in said slider block, one of said pin and said slider block having a flat surface normally engaged by the other one of said pin and said slider block, said bore in said slider block being larger than said pin and generally coaxial with said bore in said hub and said drive pin acting through said slider block to drive said orbiting scroll during normal operation and said orbiting scroll tending to act through said slider block to drive said drive pin and crankshaft during reverse operation and pressure equalization through said compressor means at shutdown, reverse rotation prevention means comprising: 
       
         said orbiting scroll and said slider block being movable with respect to said drive pin along said flat surface between a first position in which said orbiting scroll engages the other one of said pair of scrolls during normal operation and a second position in which said orbiting scroll is separated from the other one of said pair of scrolls upon slowing down and any tendency for reverse operation and pressure equalization;  
       
       
         centrifugal force produced solely by movement of said orbiting scroll and said slider block during normal operation tends to keep said orbiting scroll and said slider block in said first position; and  
       
       
         means for causing said orbiting scroll and said slider block to move along said flat surface from said first position to said second position to separate said pair of scrolls during slowing down of said compressor before reverse rotation occurs, establishing an unimpeded flow path through said compressor means and decreasing reversing torque caused by gas loads by reduction of orbit radius. 
       
     
     
       13. A scroll compressor means including a pair of scrolls one of which being an orbiting scroll, a slider block and a crankshaft wherein said orbiting scroll has a hub with a bore which has an axis and which receives said slider block, and said crankshaft has an axis of rotation and a drive pin which is received in a bore in said slider block, one of said pin and said slider block having a flat surface normally engaged by the other one of said pin and said slider block, said bore in said slider block being larger than said pin and generally coaxial with said bore in said hub and said drive pin acting through said slider block to drive said orbiting scroll during normal operation and said orbiting scroll tending to act through said slider block to drive said drive pin and crankshaft during reverse operation and pressure equalization through said compressor means at shutdown, reverse rotation prevention means comprising: 
       
         said orbiting scroll and said slider block being movable with respect to said drive pin along said flat surface between a first position in which said orbiting scroll engages the other one of said pair of scrolls during normal operation and a second position in which said orbiting scroll is separated from the other one of said pair of scrolls upon slowing down and any tendency for reverse operation and pressure equalization;  
       
       
         centrifugal force produced solely by movement of said orbiting scroll and said slider block during normal operation tends to keep said orbiting scroll and said slider block in said first position; and  
       
       
         a spring member, said spring member biasing said orbiting scroll and said slider block along said flat surface from said first position to said second position to separate said pair of scrolls during slowing down of said compressor before reverse rotation occurs, establishing an unimpeded flow path through said compressor means and decreasing reversing torque caused by gas loads by reduction of orbit radius. 
       
     
     
       14. A scroll compressor means including a pair of scrolls one of which being an orbiting scroll, a slider block and a crankshaft wherein said orbiting scroll has a hub with a bore which as an axis and which receives said slider block, and said crankshaft has an axis of rotation and a drive pin which is received in a bore in said slider block, one of said pin and said slider block having a flat surface normally engaged by the other one of said pin and said slider block, said bore in said slider block being larger than said pin and generally coaxial with said bore in said hub and said drive pin acting through said slider block to drive said orbiting scroll during normal operation and said orbiting scroll tending to act through said slider block to drive said drive pin and crankshaft during reverse operation and pressure equalization through said compressor means at shutdown, reverse rotation prevention means comprising: 
       
         said orbiting scroll and said slider block being movable with respect to said drive pin along said flat surface between a first position in which said orbiting scroll engages the other one of said pair of scrolls during normal operation and a second position in which said orbiting scroll is separated from the other one of said pair of scrolls upon slowing down and any tendency for reverse operation and pressure equalization;  
       
       
         centrifugal force produced solely by movement of said orbiting scroll and said slider block during normal operation tends to keep said orbiting scroll and said slider block in said first position;  
       
       
         wherein said flat surface is oriented at an acute angle to a plane defined by said axis of rotation and an axis of rotation of said drive pin, said angled flat surface biasing said orbiting scroll and said slider block along said flat surface from said first position to said second position to separate said pair of scrolls during slowing down of said compressor before reverse rotation occurs, establishing an unimpeded flow path through said compressor means and decreasing reversing torque caused by gas loads by reduction of orbit radius. 
       
     
     
       15. The scroll compressor means of  claim 14 , wherein the acute angle is between  5 ° and  30 °. 
     
     
       16. The scroll compressor means of  claim 11 , wherein the acute angle is between  5 ° and  30 °.