Development control system

Abstract

Toning apparatus for toning an electrostatic latent image, having image and background portions at different potentials on an imaging surface. The apparatus comprises an endless toning surface coated with a layer of concentrated toner and engaging the imaging surface at a toning region. The apparatus additionally comprises a source: of voltage connected to the toning surface and electrifying the toning surface to a voltage operative to selectively transfer at feast a portion of the layer to image: portions on the imaging surface. A developed mass per unit area (DMA) controller having an input indicative of the DMA on the imaging surface is operative to adjust the DMA on the toning surface in response to the input.

We claim:  
     
       1. Toning apparatus for toning an electrostatic latent image, having image and background portions at different potentials, on an imaging surface comprising: 
       a source of liquid develops having a given concentration of toner material;  
       an toning surface, coated wilt a layer of concentrated liquid developer having a higher toner concentration than the given concentration and derived from the source of liquid develops and engaging the imaging surface at a toning region;  
       a source of voltage connected to the toning surface and electrifying the toning surface to a voltage operative to selectively transfer at least a portion of the layer to image portions on the imaging surface; and  
       a developed mass per unit area controller having an input indicative of the mass of tone material per unit area (DMA) on the imaging surface and operative to adjust the DMA on the toning surface, without changing the given concentration, in response to the input.  
     
     
       2. Apparatus according to  claim 1  further comprising: 
       an applicator which receives liquid developer from the source and coats a layer of said concentrated liquid developer having a toner concentration greater than said given concentration onto the toning surface.  
     
     
       3. Apparatus according to  claim 2  wherein the applicator includes an applicator electrode charged to an applicator cottage which affects the DMA of the coating said applicator voltage being controlled by the controller, whereby the controller is operative to control the DMA on the imaging surface. 
     
     
       4. Apparatus according to  claim 2  and also comprising: 
       a squeegee roller associated with the toning surface and charged to a squeegee voltage different from that of the toning surface, said squeegee voltage being controlled by the controller, whereby the controller is operative to control the DMA on the imaging surface.  
     
     
       5. Apparatus according to  claim 4  and further comprising 
       a leaf spring fixedly mounted on a first end portion thereof and having a resilient pad mounted on a second end portion thereof, said resilient pad being urged against said squeegee roller by said leaf spring thereby urging the squeegee roller against said toning surface.  
     
     
       6. Apparatus according to  claim 1  and further comprising a DMA sensor which provides to the controller input a signal responsive to the DMA of the coating on the toning surface. 
     
     
       7. Apparatus according to  claim 1  and further comprising a DMA censor which provides a signal to the controller input responsive to the DMA of an image area on the imaging surface. 
     
     
       8. Apparatus according to  claim 6  wherein the DMA sensor comprises an optical sensor associated with the toning surface for measuring the optical density on a pre-selected portion of the toning surface. 
     
     
       9. Apparatus according to  claim 1  and further comprising a solids concentration sensor which provides a signal to the controller input responsive to the solids concentration of the liquid developer in the source. 
     
     
       10. Apparatus according to  claim 2  and further comprising a temperature sensor, operative for providing an output signal to the controller input responsive to the temperature of the liquid developer in the source. 
     
     
       11. Apparatus according to  claim 9  wherein the solids concentration sensor comprises a viscosity sensor. 
     
     
       12. Imaging apparatus comprising: 
       an imaging surface having a latent electrostatic image thereon; and  
       toning apparatus according to any of the preceding claims operative for toning the image portions of the late image with a layer of liquid developer.  
     
     
       13. Imaging apparatus according to  claim 12  wherein the imaging surface is a photoconductive surface and further comprising: 
       a charging station operative for charging the photoconductive surface to a first voltage; and  
       an exposure station operative for selectively discharging portions of the charged photoconductive, thereby creating a latent image comprising image portions at a first voltage and background portions at a second voltage.  
     
     
       14. A replaceable toning cartridge comprising: 
       a housing adapted for mounting on a toner station of as imaging apparatus in operative association with an imaging surface thereof; and  
       toning apparatus according to  claim 1  contained in said housing.  
     
     
       15. Apparatus according to  claim 3  and comprising: 
       a squeegee roller associated with the toning surface and charged to a squeegee voltage different from that of the toning surface, said squeegee voltage being controlled by the controller, whereby the controller is operative to control the DMA on the imaging surface.  
     
     
       16. Apparatus according to  claim 15  and comprising a DMA sensor which provides to the controller input a signal responsive to the DMA of the coating on the toning surface. 
     
     
       17. Apparatus according to  claim 15  and comprising a DMA sensor which provides a signal to the controller input responsive to the DMA of an image area on the imaging surface. 
     
     
       18. Apparatus according to  claim 3  and comprising a DMA sensor which provides to the controller input a signal responsive to the DMA of the coating on the toning surface. 
     
     
       19. Apparatus according to  claim 3  and comprising a DMA sensor which provides a signal to the controller input responsive to the DMA of to image area on the imaging surface. 
     
     
       20. Apparatus according to  claim 2  and comprising a DMA sensor which provides to the controller input or signal responsive to the DMA of the coating on the toning surface. 
     
     
       21. Apparatus according to  claim 4  and comprising a DMA sensor which provides to the controller input a signal responsive to the DMA of the coating on the toning surface. 
     
     
       22. Apparatus according to  claim 2  and comprising a DMA sensor which provides a signal to the controller input responsive to the DMA of an image area on the imaging surface. 
     
     
       23. Apparatus according to  claim 4  and comprising a DMA sensor which provides a signal to the controller input responsive to the DMA of en image area on the imaging surface. 
     
     
       24. Imaging apparatus comprising: 
       an imaging surface having a latent electrostatic image thereon;  
       toning apparatus according to  claim 6  operative for toning the image portions of the latent image with a layer of liquid developer; and  
       an intermediate transfer member which receives the toned image from the: imaging surface and transfers it to a further surface,  
       wherein the DMA sensor comprises an optical sensor associated with the toning surface for measuring the optical density on a preselected portion of the toning surface.  
     
     
       25. Squeegeeing apparatus for use in liquid imaging to squeegee an endless moving surface, comprising: 
       a squeegee roller having a squeegee surface associated with said endless moving surface, and  
       a source of pressure applied to a central portion of the squeegee surface and arranged such that the pressure urges the squeegee surface against said endless surface.  
     
     
       26. Apparatus according to  claim 25  wherein the source of pressure is a leaf spring mounted on a first end thereof and having a second end thereof urged toward the squeegee roller. 
     
     
       27. Apparatus according to  claim 26  and including a resilient pad mounted on said second end thereof, said resilient pad being urged against the squeegee surface by said leaf spring. 
     
     
       28. Toning apparatus for toning an electrostatic latent image, having image and background portions at different potentials, on an imaging surface comprising: 
       
         a toning surface, coated with a layer of concentrated liquid developer having a toner layer thickness, engaging the imaging surface at a toning region;  
       
       
         a source of voltage connected to the toning surface and electrifying the toning surface to a voltage operative to selectively transfer a portion, but not all, of the thickness to image portions on the imaging surface. 
       
     
     
       29. Apparatus according to  claim 28  wherein the voltage is such that substantially none of the layer is transferred to background portions on the imaging surface. 
     
     
       30. Apparatus according to  claim 28  and including: 
       
         a source of liquid developer having a concentration of toner particles; and  
       
       
         an applicator that receives liquid developer from the source and coats said layer of concentrated developer on the toner surface, said layer having a greater concentration of toner particles than the liquid developer received from the source. 
       
     
     
       31. Apparatus according to  claim 30  wherein the applicator includes an applicator electrode charged to an applicator voltage which affects the mass of toner material per unit area (DMA) of the coating. 
     
     
       32. Apparatus according to  claim 31  and including a controller that controls the applicator voltage, thereby to control the toner layer thickness. 
     
     
       33. Apparatus according to  claim 32  and comprising: 
       
         a squeegee roller associated with the toning surface and charged to a squeegee voltage different from that of the toning surface, said squeegee voltage being controlled by the controller, whereby the controller is operative to control the DMA on the toning surface. 
       
     
     
       34. Imaging apparatus comprising: 
       
         an imaging surface having a latent electrostatic image formed thereon; and  
       
       
         toning apparatus according to any of claims  28 - 33  operative for toning the image portions of the latent image with said concentrated liquid developer.