Security system

Abstract

Unauthorized removal of articles e.g. from a retail store, each article carrying a read/write tag, is detected by a security system having at least one point-of-sale apparatus ( 30 ) arranged to write specific data into (or erase specific data from) the tag to indicate that the article has been paid for, and a detector apparatus ( 40 ) for the or each exit of the store and arranged to read each tag to determine if the specific data has been written into (or erased from) the tag, and otherwise to initiate an alarm. The system also includes a refunds/returns detector apparatus ( 50 ) to read the tag of each article presented to it, to determine if the specific data has been written into (or erased from) the tag, and to erase (or write in) that data so that the article can be returned to stock.

1. A security system for detecting unauthorized removal of goods from a restricted area having at least one goods entry and at least one goods exit, in which each of the goods carries a read/write tag, the security system comprising:
 a) first read/write means at the at least one goods entry;  
 b) second read/write means at the at least one goods exit; 
 c)b) stock control computer means linked to said first read/write means for reading/writing first specific data from/to the respective tag of each of the goods entering the restricted area;  
 d)c) at least one point of authorization means having thirdsecond read/write means, said thirdsecond read/write means being linked to said stock control computer means and arranged to change second specific data on the respective tag to indicate that the exit of the goods from the restricted area has been authorized;  
 f)d) at least one fixed detector means at the at least one goods exit for reading eacha tag of the goods to determine if said second specific data have been changed on the tag;  
 g)e) means for initiating an alarm if said fixed detector means determines no change of said second specific data; and  
 h)f) at least one refunds/returns detector means having fourththird read/write means, said fourththird read/write means for reading the respective tag of each of the goods presented to said refunds/returns detector means and to determine if said second specific data have been changed on the tag, and to change said second specific data.  
 
     
     
       2. A security system according to  claim 1 , wherein:
 said read/write tag comprises a semiconductor chip to which data can be written and from which data can be readsaid second read/write means is linked to said stock control computer means and arranged to delete or write second specific data on the respective tag to indicate that the exit of the goods from the restricted area has been authorized;  
   said at least one fixed detector means at the at least one goods exit determines if said second specific data have been deleted or written on the tag;    
   said fixed detector means determines whether no second specific data has been deleted or written on the tag; and    
   said at least one refunds/returns detector means determines if said second specific data have been deleted or written on the tag .  
 
     
     
       3. A security system according to  claim 2 , wherein:
 said semiconductor chip includes an air core aerial or a ferrite core aerial for inductive coupling with any of said read/write means.    
     
     
       4. A security system according to  claim 1 , wherein:
 said first read/write means is arranged to read the respective tag of each of the goods entering said area to identify the goods and add said first specific data to said stock control computer means.  
 
     
     
       5. A security system according to  claim 1 , wherein:
 said first read/write means is arranged to write said first specific data to the respective tag of each of the goods, said first specific data including the identity of the restricted area and the date of receipt of the goods.  
 
     
     
       6. A security system according to  claim 1 , wherein:
 said first read/write means includes a visual display for showing said first specific data has been read/written from/to each tag of the goods.  
 
     
     
       7. A security system according to  claim 1 , wherein:
 said first read/write means further includes a keyboard for manually entering other data into the tag of the goods.  
 
     
     
       8. A security system according to  claim 1 , wherein:
 said stock control computer means is arranged to maintain a record of the numbers of different goods and a record of the current price for each of the different goods.  
 
     
     
       9. A security system according to  claim 1 , wherein:
 said third second read/write means is arranged to read an identity code from the respective tag of each of the goods being purchased.  
 
     
     
       10. A security system according to  claim 9 , wherein:
 said identity code is referred to said stock control computer means to obtain the current price of each of the goods.  
 
     
     
       11. A security system according to  claim 1 , wherein:
 said third second read/write means is arranged to write data to the respective tag of each of the goods being purchased, said data including the date of sale and the actual price paid.  
 
     
     
       12. A security system according to  claim 1 , wherein:
 said third second read/write means includes a visual display.  
 
     
     
       13. A security system according to  claim 1 , wherein:
 said third second read/write means is connected to a printer to print a bill or a receipt.  
 
     
     
       14. A security system according to  claim 1 , wherein:
 said fourth third read/write means is arranged to read the respective tag of the goods to check that the goods have been paid for and to determine the date of purchase and the price paid.  
 
     
     
       15. A security system according to  claim 14 , wherein:
 said fourth third read/write means is arranged to erase said second specific data from the tag and to write said second specific data to the tag, including the identity of the restricted area and the date of receipt of the goods.  
 
     
     
       16. A security system according to  claim 1 , wherein:
 said fixed detector means is arranged to read the respective tag of each of the goods, to determine whether the tag carries data indicating that each of the goods has been paid for, and, upon failure to indicate that each of the goods has been for, to initiate said alarm means.  
 
     
     
       17. A security system according to  claim 1 , wherein: said fixed detector means is within said restricted area and is arranged to monitor movements of the goods within the restricted area and to read the tags of the goods passing said fixed detector means to determine whether the goods have been paid for, and otherwise to initiate an alarm. 
     
     
       18. A security system according to  claim 1 , wherein:
 said fixed detector means comprises at least one ferrite core aerial arranged to act in a scanning mode.  
 
     
     
       19. A security system according to  claim 1 , wherein:
 said at least one fixed detector means includes a plurality of spaced apart ferrite core aerials, and means for switching said aerials one by one in scanning mode.  
 
     
     
       20. A security system according to  claim 1 , wherein:
 said fixed detector means comprises a ferrite core aerial mounted to drive means, which drive means is arranged to displace said aerial in scanning mode.  
 
     
     
       21. A security system for detecting unauthorized removal of goods from a restricted area having at least one goods entry and at least one goods exit, in which each of the goods carries a semiconductor chip to which data can be written and from which data can be read, the security system comprising:
 a) first read/write means at the at least one goods entry;  
 b) second read/write means at the at least one goods exit; 
 c)b) stock control computer means linked to said first read/write means, to read/write first specific data from/to a respective said semiconductor chip of each of the goods entering the restricted area;  
 d)c) at least one point of authorization means having thirdsecond read/write means, said thirdsecond read/write means being linked to said stock control computer means, arranged to change second specific data on the respective semiconductor chip to indicate that the exit of the goods from the restricted area has been authorized;  
 e)d) at least one fixed detector means at the at least one goods exit, arranged to read each tag of the goods to determine if said second specific data have been changed on said semiconductor chip;  
 f)e) means for initiating an alarm if said fixed detector means determines no-change of said second specific data; and  
 g)f) at least one refunds/returns detector means having fourththird read/write means, said fourththird read/write means for reading the respective semiconductor chip of each of the goods presented to said refunds/returns detector means and for determining if said second specific data have been changed on the semiconductor chip, and to change said second specific data.  
 
     
     
       22. A security system for detecting unauthorized removal of good from a restricted area having at least one goods entry and at least one goods exit, in which each of the goods carries a read/write tag, the security system comprising:
 a) first read/write means at the at least one goods entry;  
 b) second read/write means at the at least one goods exit; 
 c)b) stock control computer means linked to said first read/write means, for reading/writing first specific data from/to the respective tag of each of the goods entering the restricted area;  
 d)c) at least one point of authorization means having thirdsecond read/write means, said thirdsecond read/write means linked to said stock control computer means and arranged to change second specific data on the respective tag to indicate that the exit of the goods from the restricted area has been authorized;  
 e)d) at least one fixed detector means at said at least one goods exit for reading each tag of the goods and for determining if said second specific data have been changed on the tag; and  
 f)e) means for initiating an alarm if said fixed detector means determines no change of said second specific data, said fixed detector means having at least one ferrite core aerial mounted to a drive apparatus which is arranged to displace the aerial in a scanning mode across said at least one goods exit.  
 
     
     
       23. A security system to detect unauthorized removal of articles from a restricted area such as a retail store, in which each article carries a read/write tag, the security system comprising:
   at least one point - of - sale or point - of - authorization apparatus arranged to write specific data into  ( or erase specific data from )  the tag to indicate that the article has been paid for, or its removal has otherwise been authorized;        a detector apparatus for the or each exit of said restricted area, said detector apparatus being arranged to read each tag to determine if said specific data has been written into  ( or erased from )  the tag and otherwise to initiate an alarm; and        a refunds/returns detector apparatus arranged to read the tag of each article presented to it and to determine if said specific data has been written into  ( or erased from )  the tag, and to erase  ( or write in )  said data so that the article can be returned to stock.     
     
     
       24. The security system of  claim 23 , wherein the read/write tag comprises a semiconductor chip to which data can be written and from which data can be read. 
     
     
       25. The security system of  claim 24 , wherein the semiconductor chip includes one of an air core aerial and a ferrite core aerial for inductive coupling with any of the point- of - sale or point - of - authorization apparatus, the detector apparatus and the refunds/returns detector apparatus.   
     
     
       26. The security system of  claim 23 , further comprising:
   goods entry read/write means at at least one goods entry of the restricted area arranged to read specific goods - identifying data of each tag entering the restricted area and to write additional specific data including the identity of the restricted area and the date of receipt of the goods to the tag.     
     
     
       27. The security system of  claim 26 , further comprising:
   stock control computer means linked to said goods entry read/write means for receiving and storing said specific goods - identifying data of each tag entering the restricted area.     
     
     
       28. The security system of  claim 27 , wherein the goods entry read/write means further comprises a visual display for showing the specific goods- identifying data read from each tag, and the additional specific data written to each tag.   
     
     
       29. The security system of  claim 27 , wherein the stock control computer means is arranged to maintain a record of the numbers of different goods and a record of a current price for each of the different goods. 
     
     
       30. The security system of  claim 27 , wherein the at least one point- of - sale or point - of - authorization apparatus further comprises:      point - of - sale read/write means arranged to read an identity code of a respective tag of each of the goods being purchased.     
     
     
       31. The security system of  claim 30 , wherein said identity code read from the respective tag by said point- of - sale read/write means is referred to said stock control computer means to obtain the current price of each of the goods being purchased.   
     
     
       32. The security system of  claim 23 , wherein the at least one point- of - sale or point - of - authorization apparatus further comprises:      point - of - sale read/write means arranged to write data including a date of sale and an actual price paid to the tag.     
     
     
       33. The security system of  claim 32 , wherein the point- of - sale read/write means further comprises:      a visual display.     
     
     
       34. The security system of  claim 32 , wherein the point- of - sale read/write means is connected to a printer to print a bill or receipt.   
     
     
       35. A security system to detect unauthorized removal of articles from a restricted area such as a retail store, in which each article carries a read/write tag, the security system comprising:
   at least one point - of - sale or point - of - authorization apparatus arranged to write specific data into  ( or erase specific data from )  the tag to indicate that the article has been paid for, or its removal has otherwise been authorized, and in which said specific data represents the date of sale and the actual price paid; and        a detector apparatus for the or each exit of said restricted area, said detector apparatus being arranged to read each tag to determine if said specific data has been written into  ( or erased from )  the tag and otherwise to initiate an alarm.     
     
     
       36. The security system of  claim 35 , wherein the read/write tag comprises a semiconductor chip to which data can be written and from which data can be read. 
     
     
       37. The security system of  claim 36 , wherein the semiconductor chip includes one of an air core aerial and a ferrite core aerial for inductive coupling with any of the point- of - sale or point - of - authorization apparatus and the detector apparatus.   
     
     
       38. A security system to detect unauthorized removal of articles from a restricted area such as a retail store, in which each article carries a read/write tag, the security system comprising:
   at least one point - of - sale or point - of authorization apparatus arranged to write specific data into  ( or erase specific data from )  the tag to indicate that the article has been paid for, or its removal has otherwise been authorized, and in which said specific data represents the date of sale and the actual price paid; and        a detector apparatus for the or each exit of said restricted area, said detector apparatus being arranged to read each tag to determine if said specific data has been written into  ( or erased from )  the tag and otherwise to initiate an alarm; and        a refunds/returns detector apparatus arranged to read the tag of each article presented to it and to determine if said specific data has been written into  ( or erased from )  the tag, and to erase  ( or write in )  said specific data so that the article can be returned to stock.     
     
     
       39. The security system of  claim 38 , wherein the read/write tag comprises a semiconductor chip to which data can be written and from which data can be read. 
     
     
       40. The security system of  claim 39 , wherein the semiconductor chip includes an air core aerial for inductive coupling with any of the point- of - sale or point - of - authorization apparatus, the detector apparatus and the refunds/returns detector apparatus.   
     
     
       41. The security system of  claim 39 , wherein the semiconductor chip includes a ferrite core aerial for inductive coupling with any of the point- of - sale or point - of - authorization apparatus, the detector apparatus and the refunds/returns detector apparatus.   
     
     
       42. A security system to detect unauthorized removal of articles from a restricted area such as a retail store, in which each article carries a read/write tag, the security system comprising:
   at least one point - of - sale or point - of authorization apparatus arranged to write specific data into  ( or erase specific data from )  the tag to indicate that the article has been paid for, or its removal has otherwise been authorized;        a detector apparatus for the or each exit of said restricted area, said detector apparatus being arranged to read each tag to determine if said specific data has been written into  ( or erased from )  the tag and otherwise to initiate an alarm; and        at least one ferrite core aerial mounted to a drive apparatus which is arranged to displace said aerial in a scanning mode across said or each exit or another passageway of said restricted area.     
     
     
       43. The security system of  claim 42 , wherein the read/write tag comprises a semiconductor chip to which data can be written and from which data can be read. 
     
     
       44. The security system of  claim 43 , wherein the semiconductor chip includes an air core aerial for inductive coupling with any of the point- of - sale or point - of - authorization apparatus, the detector apparatus and the refunds/returns detector apparatus.   
     
     
       45. The security system of  claim 43 , wherein the semiconductor chip includes a ferrite core aerial for inductive coupling with any of the point- of - sale or point - of - authorization apparatus, the detector apparatus and the refunds/returns detector apparatus.