Forklift stabilizing apparatus

Abstract

Disclosed herein is a vehicle including a frame, and a stabilizer apparatus including a pressure source, first and second fluid-actuated stabilizer assemblies connected respectively to the front and rear axles shiftably moveable on the frame, one of the first and second stabilizer assemblies normally being locked against extension and contraction in the absence of pressurization thereof by the pressure source, and the other of the first and second stabilizer assemblies normally being free to extend and contract in the absence of pressurization thereof by the pressure source, a hydraulic circuit connected between the pressure source and the first and second fluid activated stabilizer assemblies and including a flow controller operable between a first mode wherein the pressure source is disconnected from the first and second stabilizer assemblies, whereby the one of the stabilizer assemblies is locked against extension and retraction, thereby locking the axle connected thereto against shifting movement relative to the frame, and whereby the other of the stabilizer assemblies is free to extend and retract, thereby permitting shifting movement relative to the frame of the axle connected thereto, and a second mode wherein the pressure source is selectively connectible to the first and second stabilizer assemblies for selective pressurization thereof by the pressure source so as to selectively extend and retract the first and second stabilizer assemblies.

1. A vehicle including
 a frame,  
 a front axle supported at the opposite ends thereof by wheels and connected to said frame for shiftable movement relative thereto,  
 a rear axle supported at the opposite ends thereof by wheels and connected to said frame for shiftable movement relative thereto, and  
 a stabilizer apparatus including 
 a pressure source,  
 first and second fluid-actuated stabilizer assemblies connected respectively to said front and rear axles, one of said first and second stabilizer assemblies normally being locked against extension and contraction in the absence of pressurization thereof by said pressure source, and the other of said first and second stabilizer assemblies normally being free to extend and contract in the absence of pressurization thereof by said pressure source, and  
 hydraulic circuit means connected between said pressure source and said first and second fluid activated stabilizer assemblies and including 
 flow control means operable between  
 a first mode wherein said pressure source is disconnected from said first and second stabilizer assemblies, whereby said one of said stabilizer assemblies is locked against extension and retraction, thereby locking said axle connected thereto against shifting movement relative to said frame, and whereby said other of said stabilizer assemblies is free to extend and retract, thereby permitting shifting movement relative to said frame of said axle connected thereto, and  
 a second mode wherein said pressure source is selectively connectable to said first and second stabilizer assemblies for selective pressurization thereof by said pressure source so as to selectively extend and retract said first and second stabilizer assemblies,  
 
 
 wherein said hydraulic circuit includes  
 flow restricting means operable, when said flow control means is in said second mode, for restricting fluid flow to at least one of said stabilizer assemblies to retard the speed of tilting of at least one of said axles.  
 
     
     
       2. The vehicle set forth in  claim 1 
 wherein said hydraulic circuit means is operable in said second mode to couple a first one of said stabilizer assemblies to said pressure source and to couple the other one of said stabilizer assemblies to said first one of said stabilizer assemblies, and  
 wherein said flow restricting means is operable, when said flow control means is in said second mode, for restricting fluid flow to both of said stabilizer assemblies to retard the speed of tilting of said front and rear axles.  
 
     
     
       3. The vehicle set forth in  claim 1  wherein said flow control means includes
 valve means operable, when said flow control means is in said first mode, for locking one of said stabilizer assemblies and for selectively coupling the other of said stabilizer assemblies to said pressure source for shifting movement of one of said axles, and is also operable, when said flow control means is in said second mode, to selectively couple both of said stabilizer assemblies to said pressure source.  
 
     
     
       4. The vehicle set forth in  claim 3  wherein said valve means is operable, when said flow control means is in said second mode, for coupling one end of one of said stabilizer assemblies to said pressure source and to couple the other end of said one of said stabilizer assemblies to one end of the other of said stabilizer assemblies. 
     
     
       5. The vehicle set forth in  claim 4  wherein said valve means includes
 first valve means for selectively coupling said stabilizer assemblies to said pressure source and to each other, and  
 second valve means operable, when said hydraulic circuit is in said second mode, for directing fluid through said flow restricting means.  
 
     
     
       6. A vehicle including
 a frame,  
 a front axle supported at the opposite ends thereof by wheels and connected to said frame for shiftable movement relative thereto,  
 a rear axle supported at the opposite ends thereof by wheels and connected to said frame for shiftable movement relative thereto, and  
 a stabilizer apparatus including 
 a pressure source,  
 first and second fluid-actuated stabilizer assemblies connected respectively to said front and rear axles, one of said first and second stabilizer assemblies normally being locked against extension and contraction in the absence of pressurization thereof by said pressure source, and the other of said first and second stabilizer assemblies normally being free to extend and contract in the absence of pressurization thereof by said pressure source, and  
 hydraulic circuit means connected between said pressure source and said first and second fluid activated stabilizer assemblies and including 
 flow control means operable between  
 a first mode wherein said pressure source is disconnected from said first and second stabilizer assemblies, whereby said one of said stabilizer assemblies is locked against extension and retraction, thereby locking said axle connected thereto against shifting movement relative to said frame, and whereby said other of said stabilizer assemblies is free to extend and retract, thereby permitting shifting movement relative to said frame of said axle connected thereto, and  
 a second mode wherein said pressure source is selectively connectable to said first and second stabilizer assemblies for selective pressurization thereof by said pressure source so as to selectively extend and retract said first and second stabilizer assemblies,  
 
 
 wherein said vehicle also includes a boom, and  
 means for pivoting said boom through a predetermined vertical angle, and  
 wherein said flow control means includes 
 means for setting said flow control means in said first mode when said boom is below said predetermined angle and for setting said flow control means in said second mode when said boom is above said predetermined angle.  
 
 
     
     
       7. A vehicle including
 a frame,  
 a front axle supported at the opposite ends thereof by wheels and connected to said frame for shiftable movement relative thereto,  
 a rear axle supported at the opposite ends thereof by wheels and connected to said frame for shiftable movement relative thereto, and  
 a stabilizer apparatus including 
 a pressure source,  
 first and second fluid-actuated stabilizer assemblies connected respectively to said front and rear axles, one of said first and second stabilizer assemblies normally being locked against extension and contraction in the absence of pressurization thereof by said pressure source, and the other of said first and second stabilizer assemblies normally being free to extend and contract in the absence of pressurization thereof by said pressure source, and  
 hydraulic circuit means connected between said pressure source and said first and second fluid activated stabilizer assemblies and including 
 flow control means operable between  
 a first mode wherein said pressure source is disconnected from said first and second stabilizer assemblies, whereby said one of said stabilizer assemblies is locked against extension and retraction, thereby locking said axle connected thereto against shifting movement relative to said frame, and whereby said other of said stabilizer assemblies is free to extend and retract, thereby permitting shifting movement relative to said frame of said axle connected thereto, and  
 a second mode wherein said pressure source is selectively connectable to said first and second stabilizer assemblies for selective pressurization thereof by said pressure source so as to selectively extend and retract said first and second stabilizer assemblies,  
 
 
 wherein said hydraulic circuit includes 
 flow restricting means operable, when said flow control means is in said second mode, for restricting fluid flow to at least one of said stabilizer assemblies to retard the speed of shifting movement of at least one of said axles.  
 
 
     
     
       8. The vehicle set forth in  claim 7 
 wherein said hydraulic circuit means is operable in said second mode to couple a first one of said stabilizer assemblies to said pressure source and to couple a second one of said stabilizer assemblies to said first one of said stabilizer assemblies, and  
 wherein said flow restricting means is operable, when said flow control means is in said second mode, to restrict fluid flow to both of said stabilizer assemblies to retard the speed of shifting movement of said front and rear axles.  
 
     
     
       9. A vehicle including
 a frame,  
 a boom mounted on said vehicle,  
 means for elevating said boom above a predetermined horizontal angler,  
 a front axle supported at the opposite ends thereof by wheels and connected to said frame for shiftable movement relative thereto,  
 a rear axle supported at the opposite ends thereof by wheels and connected to said frame for shiftable movement relative thereto, and  
 a stabilizer apparatus including 
 a pressure source,  
 first and second fluid-actuated stabilizer assemblies connected respectively to said front and rear axles,  
 one of said first and second stabilizer assemblies normally being locked against extension and contraction in the absence of pressurization thereof by said pressure source, and the other of said first and second stabilizer assemblies normally being free to extend and contract in the absence of pressurization thereof by said pressure source,  
 hydraulic circuit means connected between said pressure source and said first and second fluid activated stabilizer assemblies and including 
 flow control means operable between a first mode wherein said pressure source is disconnected from said first and second stabilizer assemblies, whereby said one of said stabilizer assemblies is locked against extension and retraction, thereby locking said axle connected thereto against shifting movement relative to said frame, and whereby said other of said stabilizer assemblies is free to extend and retract, thereby permitting shifting movement relative to said frame of said axle connected thereto, and  
 a second mode wherein said pressure source is selectively connectible to said first and second stabilizer assemblies for selective pressurization thereof by said pressure source so as to selectively extend and retract said first and second stabilizer assemblies said flow control means also including 
 sensing means for sensing when said boom is elevated above said predetermined angle and for setting said flow control means in said second mode.  
 
 
 
 
     
     
       10. The vehicle set forth in  claim 9  wherein said flow control means is also operative in
 a third mode wherein said first stabilizer assembly is coupled to said second stabilizer assembly for selected shifting movement therewith when said second stabilizer assembly is pressurized by said source to shiftably move said second axle and wherein said first stabilizer assembly is locked when said second stabilizer means is not pressurized, and  
 wherein said vehicle also includes brake means, and  
 means responsive to the operation of said brake means and said sensing means for setting said flow control means in said third mode.  
 
     
     
       11. The vehicle set forth in  claim 10  wherein said hydraulic circuit includes
 flow restricting means operable, when said flow control means is in said third mode, for restricting fluid flow between said stabilizer assemblies to retard the speed of shifting movement of said front and rear axles.  
 
     
     
       12. The vehicle set forth in  claim 11  wherein said hydraulic circuit means also includes
 selectively operable means actuable, when said flow control means is in said third mode, to couple one of stabilizer assemblies to said pressure source and to couple the other of said stabilizer assemblies to said one of said stabilizer assemblies, and  
 wherein said flow restricting means is operable, when said flow control means is in said third mode, for restricting fluid flow to both of said stabilizer assemblies to retard the speed of shifting movement of said front and rear axles.  
 
     
     
       13. The vehicle set forth in  claim 12  wherein said stabilizer apparatus includes
 a first stabilizer cylinder having a first ram coupled to said front axle, and  
 a second stabilizer cylinder having a second ram coupled to said rear axle.  
 
     
     
       14. The vehicle set forth in  claim 13  wherein said hydraulic circuit includes
 flow restricting means operable, when said flow control means is in said second mode, for restricting fluid flow to said first stabilizer cylinder so as to retard the speed of shifting movement of said rear axle, and operable, when said flow control means is in said third mode, for restricting the flow of fluid between said first and second stabilizer assemblies.  
 
     
     
       15. The vehicle set forth in  claim 14  wherein said selectively operable means includes
 valve means operable, when said flow control means is in said first and second modes, for selectively coupling said second stabilizer cylinder means to said pressure source for shiftably moving said front axle, and operable, when said flow control means is in said third mode, for selectively coupling said second stabilizer cylinder to said pressure source and for coupling said first stabilizer cylinder to said second stabilizer cylinder.  
 
     
     
       16. The vehicle set forth in  claim 15  wherein said valve means is operable, when said flow control means is in said third mode, for coupling one end of one of said first stabilizer cylinder to said pressure source and for coupling the other end of said first stabilizer cylinder to one end of said second stabilizer cylinder. 
     
     
       17. The vehicle set forth in  claim 16  wherein said valve means includes
 a first valve means for selectively coupling said first cylinder to said pressure source and to each other, and  
 second valve means operable, when said hydraulic circuit is in said third mode, for directing fluid through said flow restricting means.  
 
     
     
       18. The vehicle set forth in  claim 17  and further including
 means for sensing when said vehicle is tilted through a predetermined horizontal angle and operable, when said boom is elevated above said predetermined angle, to set said hydraulic circuit in said third mode.  
 
     
     
       19. The vehicle set forth in  claim 10  and further including
 means for sensing when said vehicle is tilted through a predetermined horizontal angle and operable, when said boom is elevated above said predetermined angle, to set said hydraulic circuit in said third mode.  
 
     
     
       20. A vehicle comprising:
   a frame;        an axle connected to said frame for movement relative thereto;        a boom mounted on said frame;        a system for locking said axle relative to said frame in response to said boom being elevated above a first predetermined angle and said frame being tilted by more than a second predetermined angle; and        a sensor for sensing when said frame is tilted by more than said second predetermined angle.     
     
     
       21. The vehicle of  claim 20 , further comprising a hydraulic system for elevating said boom. 
     
     
       22. The vehicle of  claim 21 , wherein said locking system includes a hydraulic cylinder connected to said frame. 
     
     
       23. The vehicle of  claim 22 , wherein said sensor includes an inclination switch operably connected to said hydraulic cylinder. 
     
     
       24. A vehicle, comprising:
   a frame;        a boom connected to said frame;        an axle supported at the opposite ends thereof by wheels and connected to said frame for shiftable movement relative thereto;        a stabilizer apparatus including a hydraulic circuit for locking said axle with respect to said frame;        sensors for sensing when said boom is elevated above a predetermined angle and for sensing when said vehicle is tilted through a predetermined vertical angle, said sensors being operably connected to said hydraulic circuit.     
     
     
       25. The vehicle of  claim 24 , wherein said predetermined vertical angle is not greater than about four degrees. 
     
     
       26. The vehicle of  claim 25 , wherein said predetermined vertical angle is not greater than three degrees. 
     
     
       27. The vehicle of  claim 26 , wherein said hydraulic circuit includes a flow restrictor for restricting hydraulic flow in said stabilizer apparatus. 
     
     
       28. The vehicle of  claim 27 , wherein said stabilizer apparatus includes a stabilizer cylinder having a first ram coupled to said axle. 
     
     
       29. The vehicle of  claim 28 , wherein said stabilizer apparatus includes a valve for operating said vehicle in at least first and second modes, said valve being connected to said stabilizer cylinder. 
     
     
       30. A vehicle, comprising:
   a frame;        a boom connected to said frame;        a rear axle supported at the opposite ends thereof by wheels and connected to said frame for shiftable movement relative thereto;        a stabilizer apparatus for reducing the tendency of said vehicle to tip, said stabilizer apparatus including a hydraulic circuit for locking said axle with respect to said frame when said boom is elevated above a first predetermined angle and said frame is tilted through a second predetermined angle.     
     
     
       31. The vehicle of  claim 30 , wherein said stabilizer apparatus includes a switch for actuating said hydraulic circuit when said frame is tilted through said second predetermined angle.