Swivel joint with stepped bearing races

Abstract

A swivel joint comprises a tubular male member having at least first and second outer annular grooves formed on an outer surface, a tubular female member having at least first and second inner annular grooves formed on an inner recess, and a plurality of balls disposed in at least first and second annular races which are formed by the alignment of the first and second outer grooves with the first and second inner grooves when a first end of the male member is received within the recess of the female member. In addition, the radius of the first race is greater than the radius of an adjacent race closer to the first end of the male member, and the number of balls in the first race is just one more than the number of balls in the adjacent race closer to the first end.

1. A swivel joint comprising:
 a central axis;  
 a tubular male member having an outer annular surface, a first end and at least first and second outer annular grooves formed on the outer surface coaxial with the central axis;  
 a tubular female member having an inner annular recess, an annular shoulder formed at an inner end of the recess and at least first and second inner annular grooves formed on the recess coaxial with the central axis;  
 wherein the outer surface of the male member is adapted to be received in the recess of the female member such that the first end is disposed proximate the shoulder and each outer groove is aligned with a corresponding inner groove to thereby define at least first and second annular races;  
 a plurality of balls disposed in each race to secure said male and female members together and to facilitate relative rotation of the male and female members about the central axis;  
 wherein the radius of each race as measured from the central axis is greater than the radius of each adjacent race closer to the first end of the male member; and  
 wherein the number of balls in each race is just one more than the number of balls in each adjacent race closer to the first end.  
 
     
     
       2. The swivel joint of  claim 1 , further comprising means for sealing between the male and female members. 
     
     
       3. The swivel joint of  claim 2 , wherein the sealing means comprises an annular seal disposed between the first end of the male member and the shoulder of the female member. 
     
     
       4. The swivel joint of  claim 3 , wherein the annular seal is comprised of an elastomer. 
     
     
       5. The swivel joint of  claim 2 , wherein the sealing means comprises a straight bore seal which is disposed in a seal pocket formed in adjacent portions of the male and female members. 
     
     
       6. The swivel joint of  claim 1 :
 wherein the cross section of at least each outer groove or each inner groove comprises first and second acurate segments each having a distinct centerpoint and substantially the same radius;  
 wherein the centerpoint of the first segment is offset from the centerpoint of the second segment in a direction parallel to the central axis; and  
 wherein the radius of the first and second segments is substantially the same as the radius of the balls.  
 
     
     
       7. A swivel joint comprising:
 a central axis;  
 a tubular male member having an outer annular surface, a first end and at least first and second outer annular grooves formed on the outer surface coaxial with the central axis;  
 a tubular female member having an inner annular recess, an annular shoulder formed at an inner end of the recess and at least first and second inner annular grooves formed on the recess coaxial with the central axis;  
 wherein the outer surface of the male member is adapted to be received in the recess of the female member such that the first end is disposed proximate the shoulder and each outer groove is aligned with a corresponding inner groove to thereby define at least first and second annular races;  
 a plurality of balls disposed in each race to secure said male and female members together and to facilitate relative rotation of the male and female members about the central axis;  
 wherein the radius of each race as measured from the central axis is greater than the radius of each adjacent race closer to the first end of the male member by an amount sufficient to enable each race to accommodate just one more ball than is disposed in the adjacent race.  
 
     
     
       8. The swivel joint of  claim 7 , further comprising means for sealing between the male and female members. 
     
     
       9. The swivel joint of  claim 8 , wherein the sealing means comprises an annular seal disposed between the first end of the male member and the shoulder of the female member. 
     
     
       10. The swivel joint of  claim 9 , wherein the annular seal is comprised of an elastomer. 
     
     
       11. The swivel joint of  claim 8 , wherein the sealing means comprises a straight bore seal which is disposed in a seal pocket formed in adjacent portions of the male and female members. 
     
     
       12. The swivel joint of  claim 7 :
 wherein the cross section of at least each outer groove or each inner groove comprises first and second accurate segments each having a distinct centerpoint and substantially the same radius;  
 wherein the centerpoint of the first segment is offset from the centerpoint of the second segment in a direction parallel to the central axis; and  
 wherein the radius of the first and second segments is substantially the same as the radius of the balls.  
 
     
     
       13. A swivel joint comprising:
 a central axis;  
 a pair of tubular members each having a first end and a plurality of outer annular grooves formed coaxial with the central axis;  
 a collar member comprising a pair of inner cylindrical recesses each having a plurality of inner annular grooves formed coaxial with the central axis;  
 wherein each tubular member is adapted to be received in a corresponding recess of the collar member such that the first ends are proximate one another and each outer groove is aligned with a corresponding inner groove to thereby define a plurality of annular races;  
 a plurality of balls disposed in each race to secure said tubular members in said collar and to facilitate relative rotation of the tubular members about the central axis;  
 wherein the radius of each race as measured from the central axis is greater than the radius of each adjacent race closer to the first ends of the tubular members; and  
 wherein the number of balls in each race is just one more than the number of balls in each adjacent race closer to the first ends of the tubular members.  
 
     
     
       14. The swivel joint of  claim 13 , further comprising means for sealing between each tubular member and the collar member. 
     
     
       15. The swivel joint of  claim 14 , wherein the sealing means comprises an annular seal disposed between the first ends of the tubular members. 
     
     
       16. The swivel joint of  claim 15 , wherein the annular seal is comprised of an elastomer. 
     
     
       17. The swivel joint of  claim 14 , wherein the sealing means comprises a straight bore seal which is disposed in a seal pocket formed in adjacent portions of the first ends of the tubular members. 
     
     
       18. The swivel joint of  claim 13 :
 wherein the cross section of at lest each outer groove or each inner groove comprises first and second arcuate segments each having a distinct centerpoint and substantially the same radius;  
 wherein the centerpoint of the first segment is offset from the centerpoint of the second segment in a direction parallel to the central axis; and  
 wherein the radius of the first and second segments is substantially the same as the radius of the balls.  
 
     
     
       19. A swivel joint comprising:
   a central axis;        a tubular male member having an outer annular surface, a first end and at least first and second outer annular grooves formed on the outer surface coaxial with the central axis;        a tubular female member having an inner annular recess and at least first and second inner annular grooves formed on the recess coaxial with the central axis;        wherein the first end of the male member is adapted to be received in the recess of the female member such that each outer groove is aligned with a corresponding inner groove to thereby define at least first and second annular races;        a plurality of balls disposed in the first and second races to secure the male and female members together and to facilitate relative rotation of the male and female members about the central axis;        wherein the radius of the first race as measured from the central axis is greater than the radius of an adjacent race closer to the first end of the male member; and        wherein the number of balls in the first race is just one more than the number of balls in the adjacent race closer to the first end of the male member.     
     
     
       20. A swivel joint comprising:
   a central axis;        a tubular male member having an outer annular surface, a first end and at least first, second and third outer annular grooves formed on the outer surface coaxial with the central axis;       a tubular female member having an inner annular recess and at least first, second and third inner annular grooves formed on the recess coaxial with the central axis;        wherein the first end of the male member is adapted to be received in the recess of the female member such that each outer groove is aligned with a corresponding inner groove to thereby define at least first, second and third annular races;        wherein the first race is located farther from the first end of the male member than either the second or third races, the third race is located closer to the first end than either the first or second races, and the second race is located between the first and third races;        a plurality of balls disposed in the first, second and third races to secure the male and female members together and to facilitate relative rotation of the male and female members about the central axis;        wherein the radius of the first race as measured from the central axis is greater than the radius of third race; and        wherein the number of balls in the first race is just two more than the number of balls in the third race.     
     
     
       21. A swivel joint comprising:
   a central axis;        a tubular male member having an outer annular surface, a first end and at least first and second outer annular grooves formed on the outer surface coaxial with the central axis;        a tubular female member having an inner annular recess and at least first and second inner annular grooves formed on the recess coaxial with the central axis;        wherein the first end of the male member is adapted to be received in the recess of the female member such that each outer groove is aligned with a corresponding inner groove to thereby define at least first and second annular races;        a plurality of balls disposed in the first and second races to secure the male and female members together and to facilitate relative rotation of the male and female members about the central axis;        wherein the radius of the first race as measured from the central axis is greater than the radius of an adjacent race closer to the first end of the male member by an amount sufficient to enable the first race to accommodate just one more ball than the adjacent race.     
     
     
       22. A swivel joint comprising:
   a central axis;        a tubular male member having an outer annular surface, a first end and at least first, second and third outer annular grooves formed on the outer surface coaxial with the central axis;        a tubular female member having an inner annular recess and at least first, second and third inner annular grooves formed on the recess coaxial with the central axis;        wherein the first end of the male member is adapted to be received in the recess of the female member such that each outer groove is aligned with a corresponding inner groove to thereby define at least first, second and third annular races;        wherein the first race is located farther from the first end of the male member than either the second or third races, the third race is located closer to the first end than either the first or second races, and the second race is located between the first and third races;        a plurality of balls disposed in the first, second and third races to secure the male and female members together and to facilitate relative rotation of the male and female members about the central axis;        wherein the radius of the first race as measured from the central axis is greater than the radius of the third race by an amount sufficient to enable the first race to accommodate just two more balls than the third race.