Clamp with improved internal cam action

Abstract

A clamping apparatus, for use with an actuator, has a housing with a guide track mounted on or formed in the housing. A roller or cam operably engages with the guide track such that the cam can be moved and positioned along the guide track by way of the actuator. At least one pivoting arm is pivotally mounted on the housing adjacent to and spaced from the guide track. Each pivoting arm has an elongate slot adjacent to the shoulder. The elongate slot has two arcuate surfaces positioned parallel to each other and has two end surfaces joining the arcuate surfaces to define a closed loop surface. The cam is positioned within the elongate slot of each pivoting arm to pivot each pivoting arm between a clamped position and a released position as the cam is moved along the guide track and driven against the arcuate surfaces of each pivoting arm. The clamping apparatus can include stop members for limiting the movement of the cam and/or the range of motion for each pivoting arm, a swivel mount and/or a mounting bracket enabling the clamping apparatus to be positioned in any desired angular orientation, a lost-motion link incorporated in the internal cam action of the clamping apparatus, and/or side plates for preventing the infiltration of foreign matter in the internal cam action.

1. In a clamping apparatus operably engageable with a linear reciprocal actuator moveable between an extended position and a retracted position, said clamping apparatus comprising:
 a hollow housing having a guide track defined on opposing inner surfaces;    a slide block operably engageable with said guide track capable of being driven, moved, and positioned along said guide track by said actuator between first and second end limits of movement corresponding to said retracted and extended positions respectively of said actuator;    a cam connected to said slide block for movement therewith; and    at least one pivoting arm, each said pivoting arm pivotally mounted for rotation about a pivot axis with respect to said housing adjacent to said guide track, and each said pivoting arm having an elongate slot adjacent to and spaced from said pivot axis, said cam positioned within said elongate slot of each said pivoting arm for converting linear reciprocal movement of said cam into pivoting rotation of each said pivoting arm, such that each said pivoting arm is in a clamped position when said slide block is in said first end limit of movement and each said pivoting arm is in a released position when said slide block is in said second end limit of movement.    
     
     
       2. The clamping apparatus of  claim 1 , wherein said elongate slot of each said pivoting arm is defined by two arcuate surfaces extending parallel to one another with two end surfaces joining said arcuate surfaces to one another to define a closed loop, said arcuate surfaces defined by convex arcuate segments with respect to said pivot axis. 
     
     
       3. The clamping apparatus of  claim 1 , further comprising:
 at least one pivot pin supported from said housing for connection through each said pivoting arm, each said pivoting arm pivotal about said pivot axis defining a range of arm motion; and    a stop projection supportable by said housing for obstructing said range of arm motion in selective positions to defined selectable positions between said clamped position and said released position.    
     
     
       4. The  In a clamping apparatus of  claim 1  further  operably engageable with a linear reciprocal actuator moveable between an extended position and a retracted position, said clamping apparatus comprising:
 a hollow housing having a guide track defined on opposing inner surfaces;  
   a slide block operably engageable with said guide track capable of being driven, moved, and positioned along said guide track by said actuator between first and second end limits of movement corresponding to said retracted and extended positions respectively of said actuator;    
   a cam connected to said slide block for movement therewith; and    
   at least one pivoting arm, each said pivoting arm pivotally mounted for rotation about a pivot axis with respect to said housing adjacent to said guide track, and each said pivoting arm having an elongate slot adjacent to and spaced from said pivot axis, said cam positioned within said elongate slot of each said pivoting arm for converting linear reciprocal movement of said cam into pivoting rotation of each said pivoting arm, such that each said pivoting arm is in a clamped position when said slide block is in said first end limit of movement and each said pivoting arm is in a released position when said slide block is in said second end limit of movement; and   
 a swivel joint for supporting said housing in any angular orientation with respect to said actuator, said swivel joint having a plate, a collar mounted on said plate, said housing having an aperture complementary in shape to said collar such that said housing seats on said collar with said aperture substantially surrounding said collar, means for securing said housing on said collar of said swivel joint, said collar permitting said housing to be seated and secured with respect to said collar in any desired angular orientation with respect to a longitudinal axis of said actuator.  
 
     
     
       5. The clamping apparatus of  claim 4 , further comprising:
 means for supporting said swivel joint with respect to a support structure, said supporting means mounted on said plate of said swivel joint.  
 
     
     
       6. The clamping apparatus of  claim 1 , further comprising:
 means for abbreviating a permissible range of motion for said cam along said guide track, wherein said guide track defines said permissible range of motion for said slide block and cam, said abbreviating means incorporated in said housing, each said pivoting arm pivoting about said pivot axis and thereby defining a range of arm motion, said range of arm motion partially limited by said abbreviating means.    
     
     
       7. The  In a clamping apparatus of  claim 1 , further  operably engageable with a linear reciprocal actuator moveable between an extended position and a retracted position, said clamping apparatus comprising:
 a hollow housing having a guide track defined on opposing inner surfaces;  
   a slide block operably engageable with said guide track capable of being driven, moved, and positioned along said guide track by said actuator between first and second end limits of movement corresponding to said retracted and extended positions respectively of said actuator;    
   a cam connected to said slide block for movement therewith; and    
   at least one pivoting arm, each said pivoting arm pivotally mounted for rotation about a pivot axis with respect to said housing adjacent to said guide track, and each said pivoting arm having an elongate slot adjacent to and spaced from said pivot axis, said cam positioned within said elongate slot of each said pivoting arm for converting linear reciprocal movement of said cam into pivoting rotation of each said pivoting arm, such that each said pivoting arm is in a clamped position when said slide block is in said first end limit of movement and each said pivoting arm is in a released position when said slide block is in said second end limit of movement; and   
 means for encasing said elongate slot of each said pivoting arm and said cam, said encasing means attached to said housing and serving to protect said elongate slot and said cam from contamination.  
 
     
     
       8. The  In a clamping apparatus of  claim 1 , further  operably engageable with a linear reciprocal actuator moveable between an extended position and a retracted position, said clamping apparatus comprising:
 a hollow housing having a guide track defined on opposing inner surfaces;  
   a slide block operably engageable with said guide track capable of being driven, moved, and positioned along said guide track by said actuator between first and second end limits of movement corresponding to said retracted and extended positions respectively of said actuator;    
   a cam connected to said slide block for movement therewith; and    
   at least one pivoting arm, each said pivoting arm pivotally mounted for rotation about a pivot axis with respect to said housing adjacent to said guide track, and each said pivoting arm having an elongate slot adjacent to and spaced from said pivot axis, said cam positioned within said elongate slot of each said pivoting arm for converting linear reciprocal movement of said cam into pivoting rotation of each said pivoting arm, such that each said pivoting arm is in a clamped position when said slide block is in said first end limit of movement and each said pivoting arm is in a released position when said slide block is in said second end limit of movement;   
 each said pivoting arm having an articulated portion hingedly connected to said pivoting arm opposite said elongate slot; and  
 a lost-motion link pivotally attached to said housing and said articulated portion at spaced locations from one another, said lost-motion link having a curved slot for receiving said cam to move said articulated portion of said pivoting arm between a clamped position and a released position as said cam is simultaneously moved within said elongate slot and said curved slot in response to movement of said slide block along said guide track.  
 
     
     
       9. The clamping apparatus of  claim 1 , wherein said clamped position is defined by said cam positioned within said elongate slot such that said cam is disposed at a maximum distance with respect to said rotational axis. 
     
     
       10. A clamping apparatus for a linear reciprocal actuator moveable between a retracted position and an extended position, said clamping apparatus comprising:
 a hollow housing having a guide track defined on opposing inner surfaces;    a slide block operably engageable with said guide track capable of being driven, moved, and positioned along said guide track by said actuator between first and second end limits of movement corresponding to said retracted and extended positions respectively of said actuator;    a cam connected to said slide block for movement therewith; and    at least one pivoting arm, each said pivoting arm pivotally mounted for rotation about a pivot axis with respect to said housing adjacent to said guide track, and each said pivoting arm having an arcuate slot adjacent to and spaced from said pivot axis, said cam positioned within said arcuate slot of each said pivoting arm to thereby pivot each said pivoting arm between a clamped position when said slide block is in said first end limit of movement corresponding to said retracted position and a released position when said slide block is in said second end limit of movement corresponding to said extended position as said slide block is moved along said guide track and as said cam is simultaneously moved within said arcuate slot of each said pivoting arm.    
     
     
       11. A clamping apparatus comprising:
 a hollow housing having a guide track defined on opposed inner surfaces of said housing;    an actuator mountable on said housing and moveable between an extended position and a retracted position;    a cam moveable with respect to said guide track and connected to said actuator such that said cam is driven, moved, and positioned along said guide track by said actuator; and    at least one pivoting arm, each said pivoting arm mounted for movement about a pivot axis with respect to said housing, said pivot axis adjacent to and spaced from said guide track, and each said pivoting arm having an elongate slot adjacent to and spaced from said pivot axis, said cam positioned within said elongate slot of each said pivoting arm to pivot each said pivoting arm between a clamped position corresponding to said retracted position of said actuator and a released position corresponding to said extended position of said actuator as said cam is moved along said guide track and simultaneously driven against said elongate slot of each said pivoting arm.    
     
     
       12. The clamping apparatus of  claim 11 , wherein said elongate slot of each said pivoting arm is defined by two arcuate surfaces extending parallel to one another with two end surfaces joining said arcuate surfaces to one another to define a closed loop surface, said arcuate surfaces defined by convex arcuate segments with respect to said pivot axis. 
     
     
       13. The clamping apparatus of  claim 11 , further comprising:
 at least one pivot pin support from said housing for connection through each said pivoting arm, each said pivoting arm pivotal about said pivot axis defining a range of arm motion; and    a stop projection supportable by said housing for obstructing said range of arm motion in selective positions to define selectable positions between said clamped position and said released position.    
     
     
       14. The clamping apparatus of  claim 11 , further comprising:
 means for abbreviating a permissible range of motion for said cam along said guide track, wherein said guide track defines said permissible range of motion for said cam, said abbreviating means incorporated in said housing, each said pivoting arm pivoting about said pivot axis and thereby defining a range of arm motion, said range of arm motion partially limited by said abbreviating means.    
     
     
       15. The  A clamping apparatus of  claim 11 , further  comprising:
 a hollow housing having a guide track defined on opposed inner surfaces of said housing;  
   an actuator mountable on said housing and moveable between an extended position and a retracted position;    
   a cam moveable with respect to said guide track and connected to said actuator such that said cam is driven, moved, and positioned along said guide track by said actuator; and    
   at least one pivoting arm, each said pivoting arm mounted for movement about a pivot axis with respect to said housing, said pivot axis adjacent to and spaced from said guide track, and each said pivoting arm having an elongate slot adjacent to and spaced from said pivot axis, said cam positioned within said elongate slot of each said pivoting arm to pivot each said pivoting arm between a clamped position corresponding to said retracted position of said actuator and a released position corresponding to said extended position of said actuator as said cam is moved along said guide track and simultaneously driven against said elongate slot of each said pivoting arm; and   
 means for encasing said elongate slot of each said pivoting arm and said cam, said encasing means attached to said housing and serving to protect said elongate slot and said cam from contamination.  
 
     
     
       16. The clamping apparatus of claim  11    15 , further comprising:
 each said pivoting arm having an articulated portion hingedly connected to said pivoting arm opposite said elongate slot; and  
 a lost-motion link pivotally attached to said housing and said articulated portion at spaced locations from one another, said lost-motion link having a curved slot for receiving said cam to move said articulated portion of said pivoting arm between a clamped position and a released position as said cam is simultaneously moved within said elongate slot and said curved slot in response to movement of said cam along said guide track.  
 
     
     
       17. The clamping apparatus of  claim 11 , wherein said clamped position is defined by said cam positioned within said elongate slot such that said cam is disposed at a maximum distance with respect to said rotational axis. 
     
     
       18. The  A clamping apparatus of  claim 11  wherein said at least one pivoting arm comprises  comprising:
 a hollow housing having a guide track defined on opposed inner surfaces of said housing;  
   an actuator mountable on said housing and movable between an extended position and a retracted position;    
   a cam moveable with respect to said guide track and connected to said actuator such that said cam is driven, moved, and positioned along said guide track by said actuator; and    
   at least one pivoting arm, each said pivoting arm mounted for movement about a pivot axis with respect to said housing, said pivot axis adjacent to and spaced from said guide track, and each said pivoting arm having an elongate slot adjacent to and spaced from said pivot axis, said cam positioned within said elongate slot of each said pivoting arm to pivot each said pivoting arm between a clamped position corresponding to said retracted position of said actuator and a released position corresponding to said extended position of said actuator as said cam is moved along said guide track and simultaneously driven against said elongate slot of each said pivoting arm; and    
   wherein said at least one pivoting arm comprises  first and second pivoting arms having first and second pivot axes respectively on opposite sides of said guide track, each pivoting arm having said elongate slot disposed between said pivot axis and said actuator, such that said first and second pivoting arms are simultaneously moveable between a clamped position corresponding to said retracted position of said actuator and a released position corresponding to said extended position of said actuator.  
 
     
     
       19. A clamping apparatus comprising:
 a hollow housing having a guide track defined on opposed inner surfaces of said housing;  
 an actuator mountable on said housing;  
 a cam moveable with respect to said guide track and connected to said actuator such that said cam is driven, moved, and positioned along said guide track by said actuator;  
 at least one pivoting arm, each said pivoting arm mounted for movement about a pivot axis with respect to said housing, said pivot axis adjacent to and spaced from said guide track, and each said pivoting arm having an elongate slot adjacent to and spaced from said pivot axis, said cam positioned within said elongate slot of each said pivoting arm to pivot each said pivoting arm between a clamped position and a released position as said cam is moved along said guide track and simultaneously driven against said elongate slot of each said pivoting arm; and  
 a swivel joint for supporting said housing in any angular orientation with respect to said actuator, said swivel joint having a plate, a collar mounted on said plate, said housing having an aperture complementary in shape to said collar such that said housing seats on said collar with said aperture substantially surrounding said collar, means for securing said housing on said collar of said swivel joint, said collar permitting said housing to be seated and secured with respect to said collar in any desired angular orientation with respect to a longitudinal axis of said actuator.  
 
     
     
       20. The clamping apparatus of  claim 19 , further comprising:
 means for supporting said swivel joint with respect to a support structure, said supporting means mounted on said plate of said swivel joint.  
 
     
     
       21. A clamping apparatus comprising:
   a fluid linear reciprocal actuator having a piston rod moveable between an extended position and a retracted position along a path of travel;        a single cam operably associated with the piston rod for movement; and        at least one arm mounted for rotation about a pivot axis and having an elongate slot, the single cam positionable within the elongate slot of said at least one arm for converting linear reciprocal movement of the piston rod into rotation of said at least one arm, such that said at least one arm is in a clamped position when the cam is in the retracted position and said at least one arm is in a released position when the cam is in the extended position.     
     
     
       22. The clamping apparatus of  claim 21  wherein said at least one arm further comprises:
   a first arm rotatable in a first plane; and        a second arm rotatable in a second plane, the first and second planes substantially parallel to one another.     
     
     
       23. The clamping apparatus of  claim 21  further comprising:
   a member having at least one slot for operably receiving and guiding the single cam along the path of travel.     
     
     
       24. The clamping apparatus of  claim 23  wherein the member further comprises:
   a central portion having the at least one slot formed therein; and        said at least one arm including first and second arms pivotally connected to the central portion.     
     
     
       25. The clamping apparatus of  claim 23  wherein the member further comprises:
   at least one side plate mounted adjacent said central portion.     
     
     
       26. The clamping apparatus of  claim 21  further comprising:
   a cam support connectible to the actuator; and        said at least one arm including first and second arms with the cam support interposed therebetween.     
     
     
       27. The clamping apparatus of  claim 21  wherein said elongate slot of said at least one arm is defined by two arcuate surfaces defined by convex arcuate segments with respect to said pivot axis. 
     
     
       28. The clamping apparatus of  claim 27  wherein said elongate slot of each said pivoting arm is defined by two end surfaces joining said arcuate surfaces to one another to define a closed loop surface. 
     
     
       29. The clamping apparatus of  claim 21  further comprising:
   a body having a recess for receiving the at least one arm.     
     
     
       30. The clamping apparatus of  claim 29  wherein the body further comprises:
   at least one cam aperture for receiving the single cam.     
     
     
       31. The clamping apparatus of  claim 30  further comprising:
   at least one side plate connectible to the body for at least partially enclosing the at least one cam aperture.     
     
     
       32. A clamping apparatus comprising:
   a fluid linear reciprocal actuator having a piston rod moveable between an extended position and a retracted position along a path of travel;        a single cam coupled to said piston rod and having two ends, the cam extending perpendicular with respect to the path of travel; and        at least one arm mounted for rotation about a pivot axis and having an arcuate slot defined by convex arcuate segments with respect to said pivot axis, one end positionable in the arcuate slot of said at least one arm for pivoting said at least one arm between a clamped position, wherein said cam is in the retracted position, and a released position, wherein said cam is in the extended position.     
     
     
       33. The clamping apparatus of  claim 32  further comprising:
   means for at least partially enclosing at least one end of the single cam.     
     
     
       34. The clamping apparatus of  claim 33  wherein enclosing means further comprises:
   a body associated with the actuator and having at least one slot for receiving the single cam; and        at least one side plate associated with the body positionable adjacent the at least one slot.     
     
     
       35. The clamping apparatus of  claim 32  further comprising:
   a member having at least one slot for operably receiving and guiding the single cam along the path of travel.     
     
     
       36. The clamping apparatus of  claim 35  wherein the member further comprises:
   a central portion having the at least one slot formed therein; and        said at least one arm including first and second arms pivotally connected to the central portion.     
     
     
       37. The clamping apparatus of  claim 35  wherein the member further comprises:
   at least one side plate having the at least one slot with the at least one arm disposed between the at least one side plate and the path of travel.     
     
     
       38. The clamping apparatus of  claim 32  further comprising:
   a cam support connectible to the actuator; and        said at least one arm including first and second arms with the cam support interposed therebetween.     
     
     
       39. The clamping apparatus of  claim 32  further comprising:
   a body having a recess for receiving the at least one arm.     
     
     
       40. The clamping apparatus of  claim 39  wherein the body further comprises:
   at least one cam aperture for operably receiving and guiding the single cam along the path of travel.     
     
     
       41. The clamping apparatus of  claim 40  further comprising:
   at least one side plate connectible to the body for at least partially enclosing the at least one cam aperture.     
     
     
       42. The clamping apparatus of  claim 39  further comprising:
   the at least one pivoting arm pivotally mountable with respect to the body.