Modular ceramic oxygen generator

Abstract

A ceramic oxygen generator is described which is capable of modular construction to permit the oxygen generation capacity to be expanded. An ionically conducted ceramic electrolyte is formed into a series of rows and columns of tubes on a tube support member and like electrolyte bodies can be connected together to form a manifold therebetween of oxygen produced in the interiors of the rubes. An electrical connection between tubes is formed such that the anodes and cathodes of tubes in a column are connected in parallel while the tubes in the row are, respectively, connected anode to cathode to form a series connection.

1. An ionically conductive ceramic element comprising:
 a plurality of tubes each having interior and exterior surfaces, and each having a closed end and an open end;  
 a tube support member receiving open ends of said plurality of tubes;  
 a first electrically conductive coating covering said exterior surfaces of said plurality of tubes;  
 a second electrically conductive coating covering said interior surfaces of said plurality of tubes; and  
 said ionically conductive ceramic element having at least two columns of tubes and a first electrode connectable to a source of electrical potential at a first polarity and covering an exterior surface of said  a first column and an interior surface of said  a second column of tubes and a second electrode covering an exterior surface of said second column of tubes connectable to one of a source of electrical potential at a second polarity or covering an interior surface of a third column of tubes. and an interior surface of said first column of tubes;  
 said first electrode being connectable to a source of electrical potential at a first polarity and said second electrode being connectable to a source of electrical potential at a second polarity.  
 
     
     
       2. The ceramic element described in  claim 1  wherein said plurality of tubes are formed into rows and columns on said tube support member wherein each tube is connected to said first electrode and said second electrode and first and second electrode portions of each of said tubes in a column are electrically connected in parallel and wherein each of the tubes forming a row are electrically connected in series. 
     
     
       3. The ceramic element described in  claim 2  wherein said first and second electrodes are formed by
 cuts in said first and second electrically conductive coatings between said columns of tubes, said cuts extending longitudinally of and between the columns of tubes so that the portions of said first and second electrodes on opposite sides of each said cut are electrically separated, vias extended through said first and second surfaces adjacent each of said tubes and  
 electrical connections extending through said vias connecting a first electrode portion of each said tube in a row to a second electrode portion of a tube in an adjacent column in the same row to form a series connection across each row of tubes.  
 
     
     
       4. The ceramic element described in  claim 3  wherein said electrical connections are constituted by the material forming said first and second electrodes coating the surfaces of said ceramic electrolyte extending through said vias. 
     
     
       5. The ceramic element described in  claim 1 , wherein each the plurality of tubes is spaced from adjacent tubes. 
     
     
       6. An oxygen generator, comprising:
 a first ceramic element having a tube support member and an array of tube members extending from said tube support member and formed into columns and rows;  
 a second ceramic element adjacent said first ceramic element; and  
 a seal between said first ceramic element and said second ceramic element;  
 said first ceramic element having at least two columns of tubes and a first electrode connectable to a source of electrical potential at a first polarity and covering an exterior surface of said first column and an interior surface of said second column of tubes and a second electrode covering an exterior surface of said second column of tubes either connectable to a source of electrical potential at a second polarity or covering an interior surface of a third column of tubes. and an interior surface of said first column of tubes;  
 said first electrode being connectable to a source of electrical potential at a first polarity and said second electrode being connectable to a source of electrical potential at a second polarity.  
 
     
     
       7. The oxygen generator of  claim 6 , wherein said first ceramic element includes a first electrically conductive coating covering exterior surfaces of each of said plurality of tube members; and
 wherein said first ceramic element includes a second electrically conductive coating covering interior surfaces of said plurality of tube members.  
 
     
     
       8. The oxygen generator of  claim 6 , wherein said first ceramic element is integrally formed. 
     
     
       9. An electrochemical element, comprising:
 a ceramic element having a tube support member and an array of tube members extending from said tube support member;  
 wherein said tube support member and said array of tube members are formed from ceramic.  
 
     
     
       10. The electrochemical element of  claim 9 , wherein said ceramic element is an electrolyte. 
     
     
       11. The electrochemical element of  claim 9 , wherein said ceramic element is integrally formed. 
     
     
       12. The ceramic element of  claim 1 , wherein said first ceramic element is integrally formed. 
     
     
       13. The oxygen generator of  claim 6 , wherein said plurality of tubes are formed into rows and columns on said tube support member wherein each tube is connected to said first electrode and said second electrode and first and second electrode portions of each of said tubes in a column are electrically connected in parallel and wherein each of the tubes forming a row are electrically connected in series. 
     
     
       14. The oxygen generator of  claim 13 , wherein said first and second electrodes are formed by
   cuts in said first and second electrically conductive coatings between said columns of tubes, said cuts extending longitudinally of and between the columns of tubes so that the portions of said first and second electrodes on opposite sides of each said cut are electrically separated, vias extended through said first and second surfaces adjacent each of said tubes and        electrical connections extending through said vias connecting a first electrode portion of each said tube in a row to a second electrode portion of a tube in an adjacent column in the same row to form a series connection across each row of tubes.     
     
     
       15. The oxygen generator of  claim 14 , wherein said electrical connections are constituted by the material forming said first and second electrodes coating the surfaces of said ceramic electrolyte extending through said vias. 
     
     
       16. The oxygen generator of  claim 6 , wherein each the plurality of tubes is spaced from adjacent tubes.