Critical velocity reduction in a gas well

Abstract

Disclosed herein is a system for enhancing the recovery of gas in a perforated interval of a gas well. The system features a tubing string having a dead string attached for reducing the flow area of the annulus in the perforated interval, thereby reducing the critical velocity of the gas, i.e., the velocity required to overcome backpressure due to fluids in the well column. The system includes a ported member for receiving gas from the annulus into the tubing string. The ported member and the dead string are isolated from each other by a retrievable plug. The disclosed system provides access from the surface through the dead string for diagnostic or corrective operations. The system also provides delivery of reagents such as foamers to the perforated region to further reduce the critical velocity.

1. A system for recovering gas from a gas well, comprising:
 a tubing string extending into the gas well;  
 a ported member co-axially disposed within the tubing string, the ported member configured to selectively permit or prevent fluid connection between an interior of the ported member and an annular region between the tubing string and a wall of the well;  
 a retrievable plug disposed within the tubing string below the ported member; and  
 a dead string co-axially disposed in the tubing string below the retrievable plug.  
 
     
     
       2. The system of  claim 1 , wherein the dead string is disposed in a perforated interval of the well. 
     
     
       3. The system of  claim 1 , wherein an outer diameter of the dead string is greater than an outer diameter of the tubing string. 
     
     
       4. The system of  claim 1 , further comprising a wireline re-entry guide attached to the dead string. 
     
     
       5. The system of  claim 1 , wherein the ported member is a sliding sleeve valve. 
     
     
       6. The system of  claim 1 , wherein the ported member is a ported flow sub. 
     
     
       7. The system of  claim 1 , further comprising capillary tubing attached to an exterior wall of the tubing string for delivering reagents to a top of the dead string. 
     
     
       8. The system of  claim 7 , further comprising a valve for delivering reagents from the capillary tubing into an interior of the tubing string or dead string below the ported member. 
     
     
       9. The system of  claim 8 , wherein the retrievable plug is configured to be selectively positioned above or below the valve for delivering reagents. 
     
     
       10. The system of  claim 1 , further comprising a capillary tubing inside the tubing string for delivering reagents to a top of the dead string. 
     
     
       11. The system of  claim 1 , further comprising a plunger lift system installed in the tubing stream above the ported member. 
     
     
       12. A system for recovering gas from a gas well, comprising:
 a tubing string extending into the gas well;  
 a means for selectively permitting or preventing fluid communication between an interior of the tubing string and an annular region between the tubing string and a wall of the well;  
 a retrievable plug disposed within the tubing string below the means for selectively permitting or preventing fluid communication between an interior of the tubing string and an annular region between the tubing string and a wall of the well; and  
 a dead string co-axially disposed in the tubing string below the retrievable plug.  
 
     
     
       13. The system of  claim 12 , wherein the means for selectively permitting or preventing fluid communication between an interior of the tubing string and an annular region between the tubing string and a wall of the well is a ported flow sub or a sliding sleeve valve. 
     
     
       14. The system of  claim 12 , further comprising a means for delivering reagents to an interior of the dead string. 
     
     
       15. The system of  claim 14 , wherein the means for delivering reagents is a capillary tube or side string attached to an exterior wall of the tubing string and a valve for communicating reagents between the capillary tube and an interior of the dead string. 
     
     
       16. A method of reducing the critical velocity of a gas produced in a perforated interval of a gas well, comprising:
 providing a tubing string extending into the well;  
 providing a ported member configured to selectively permit or prevent fluid connection between an interior of the ported member and an annular region between the tubing string and a wall of the well; and  
 providing a dead string attached to the tubing string and disposed within the perforated interval such that gas produced in the perforated interval flows through an annular flow path between the dead string and a wall of the well and crosses over into an interior of the tubing string via the ported member;  
 wherein an interior of the dead string and the interior of the ported member are selectively isolatable from each other by a retrievable plug.  
 
     
     
       17. The method of  claim 16 , further comprising delivering chemical foamer to the interior of the dead string. 
     
     
       18. A system for recovering fluid from a well, comprising:
   a tubing string extending into the well;        a ported member co - axially disposed within the tubing string;        a retrievable plug disposed within the tubing string below the ported member; and        a dead string co - axially disposed in the tubing string below the retrievable plug.     
     
     
       19. The system of  claim 18 , wherein the outer diameter of the dead string is greater than an outer diameter of the tubing string. 
     
     
       20. The system of  claim 18 , further comprising a wireline re- entry guide attached to the dead string.   
     
     
       21. The system of  claim 18 , wherein the ported member is a ported flow sub. 
     
     
       22. The system of  claim 18 , further comprising capillary tubing attached to an exterior wall of the tubing string for delivering materials to a top of the dead string. 
     
     
       23. The system of  claim 22 , further comprising a valve for delivering materials from the capillary tubing into an interior of the tubing string or dead string below the ported member. 
     
     
       24. The system of  claim 23 , wherein the retrievable plug is configured to be selectively positioned above or below the valve for delivering materials. 
     
     
       25. The system of  claim 18 , further comprising a capillary tubing inside the tubing string for delivering materials to a top of the dead string. 
     
     
       26. The system of  claim 18 , further comprising a plunger lift system installed in the tubing stream above the ported member. 
     
     
       27. A system for recovering fluid- from a well, comprising:      a tubing string extending into the well;        a ported member co - axially disposed within the tubing string, the ported member configured to selectively permit or prevent fluid flow from an annular region between the tubing string and a wall of the well to the surface of the well through the tubing string;        a retrievable plug disposed within the tubing string below the ported member; and        a dead string co - axially disposed in the tubing string below the retrievable plug.     
     
     
       28. The system of  claim 27 , wherein the outer diameter of the dead string is greater than an outer diameter of the tubing string. 
     
     
       29. The system of  claim 27 , further comprising a wireline re- entry guide attached to the dead string.   
     
     
       30. The system of  claim 27 , wherein the ported member is a ported flow sub. 
     
     
       31. The system of  claim 27 , further comprising capillary tubing attached to an exterior wall of the tubing string for delivering materials to a top of the dead string. 
     
     
       32. The system of  claim 31 , further comprising a valve for delivering materials from the capillary tubing into an interior of the tubing string or dead string below the ported member. 
     
     
       33. The system of  claim 32 , wherein the retrievable plug is configured to be selectively positioned above or below the valve for delivering materials. 
     
     
       34. The system of  claim 27 , further comprising a capillary tubing inside the tubing string for delivering materials to a top of the dead string. 
     
     
       35. The system of  claim 27 , further comprising a plunger lift system installed in the tubing string above the ported member. 
     
     
       36. A system for recovering fluid from a well, comprising:
   a tubing string extending into the well;        a ported member co - axially disposed within the tubing string, wherein in a first configuration fluid is prevented from flowing from an annular region between the ported member and a wall of the well through the tubing string to the surface of the well and in a second configuration fluid is permitted to flow from the annular region through the tubing string to the surface of the well;        a retrievable plug disposed within the tubing string below the ported member; and        a dead string co - axially disposed in the tubing string below the retrievable plug.     
     
     
       37. The system of  claim 36 , wherein the outer diameter of the dead string is greater than an outer diameter of the tubing string. 
     
     
       38. The system of  claim 36 , further comprising a wireline re- entry guide attached to the dead string.   
     
     
       39. The system of  claim 36 , wherein the ported member is a ported flow sub. 
     
     
       40. The system of  claim 36 , further comprising capillary tubing attached to an exterior wall of the tubing string for delivering materials to a top of the dead string. 
     
     
       41. The system of  claim 40 , further comprising a valve for delivering materials from the capillary tubing into an interior of the tubing string or dead string below the ported member. 
     
     
       42. The system of  claim 41 , wherein the retrievable plug is configured to be selectively positioned above or below the valve for delivering materials. 
     
     
       43. The system of  claim 36 , further comprising a capillary tubing inside the tubing string for delivering materials to a top of the dead string. 
     
     
       44. The system of  claim 36 , further comprising a plunger lift system installed in the tubing stream above the ported member.