Substrate design for optimized performance of up-conversion phosphors utilizing proper thermal management

Abstract

Methods and compositions for using an up-conversion phosphor as an emitting material in a reflective displays and Polymer compositions for display mediums, and blue green red (BRG) display mediums. Roles of the pumping duration and character on the temperature and the efficiency of the up-conversion process in (Ytterbium, Erbium or Thulium) co-doped fluoride crystals are set forth. Methods, compositions and display mediums for using up-conversion phosphors in both reflective and transmissive displays in which the substrate and pixel shapes are designed to maximally remove heat deposited in the emitting material and thereby improve the efficiency of up conversion.

1. A method for using an up-conversion phosphor as an emitting material in a reflective display comprising the step of :
 designingconfiguring a shape of said display to hold said up-conversion phosphor;  
 pumping said display from a source with an intensity and a duration to excite said up-conversion phosphor; and  
 selectingconfiguring said display to maximally remove any heat developed in the up-conversion phosphor in the emitting material during said pumping to optimize a performance of said up-conversion phosphor, wherein the luminescent efficiency of said up-conversion phosphor is substantially increased.  
 
     
     
       2. The method according to  claim 1  wherein said reflective display is a pixel. 
     
     
       3. The method according to  claim 1  wherein said reflective display is a substrate. 
     
     
       4. The method according to  claim 3  wherein said reflective display is heat conductive. 
     
     
       5. The method according to  claim 3  wherein said reflective display is copper. 
     
     
       6. The method according to  claim 3  wherein said reflective display is aluminum. 
     
     
       7. The method according to  claim 3  wherein said reflective display is chemical vapor deposition (CVD) diamond. 
     
     
       8. A method for using an up-conversion phosphor as an emitting material in a transmissive display comprising the step of:
 designing a shape and material of said display to maximally remove any heat developed in the emitting material when pumped with an intensity and a duration, wherein the luminescent efficiency of said up-conversion phosphor is substantially increased.  
 
     
     
       9. The method according to  claim 8  wherein said transmissive display is a pixel. 
     
     
       10. The method according to  claim 8  wherein said transmissive display is a substrate. 
     
     
       11. The method according to  claim 8  wherein said transmissive display is heat conductive. 
     
     
       12. The method according to  claim 8  wherein said transmissive display is copper. 
     
     
       13. The method according to  claim 8  wherein said transmissive display is aluminum. 
     
     
       14. The method according to  claim 8  wherein said transmissive display is chemical vapor deposition (CVD) diamond. 
     
     
       15. A blue green red (BRG) display medium comprising:
 (a) pixels having a blue, a green and a red emitter dispersed on a high heat conductive substrate; and,  
 (b) means for pulsing said pixels with a beam of light with wavelength near approximately 980 μm, wherein said high heat conductive substrate provides thermal management to optimize performance of said pixels to emit appropriate blue, green and red luminescence when pumped with the 980 μm wavelength beam of light.  
 
     
     
       16. The blue green red (BRG) display medium according to  claim 15  wherein said means is by short pulse excitation. 
     
     
       17. An up conversion display comprising:
 a three color up-conversion material having three different emitters;  
 a heat-conductive substrate configured to reduce the operating temperature of the three color up-conversion material, wherein the substrate has a shape configured to hold the three color up-conversion material; and  
 a pumping source for providing  configured to provide a pulse having an intensity and a duration for exciting the three color up-conversion material, wherein the three color up-conversion material and the pulse intensity and pulse duration are selected to optimize the up-conversion process to emit the three colors and improve the efficiency of the display.  
 
     
     
       18. The up conversion display recited in  claim 17 , wherein said substrate comprises copper. 
     
     
       19. The up conversion display recited in  claim 17 , wherein said substrate comprises aluminum. 
     
     
       20. The up conversion display recited in  claim 17 , wherein said substrate comprises chemical vapor deposition ( CVD )  diamond.   
     
     
       21. The up conversion display recited in  claim 17 , wherein the up- conversion material comprises a green up - conversion material.   
     
     
       22. The up conversion display recited in  claim 21 , wherein the green up- conversion material comprises at least one of Yb, Er doped sodium yttrium fluoride, and Yb,Er:NYF   4   .   
     
     
       23. The up conversion display recited in  claim 17 , wherein the up- conversion material comprises a red up - conversion material.   
     
     
       24. The up conversion display recited in  claim 23 , wherein the red up- conversion material comprises at least one of Yb, Er doped yttrium fluoride and Yb,Er:YF   3 . 
     
     
       25. The up conversion display recited in  claim 17 , wherein the up- conversion material comprises a blue up - conversion material.   
     
     
       26. The up conversion display recited in  claim 25 , wherein the blue up- conversion material comprises at least one of Yb, Tm doped yttrium lithium fluoride and Yb,Tm:YLF   4 . 
     
     
       27. The up conversion display recited in  claim 17 , wherein the three color up- conversion material having three different emitters further comprises a passive polymer host.   
     
     
       28. The up conversion display recited in  claim 27 , wherein the passive polymer host comprises at least one copolymer, comprising:
   residues of alkyl acrylate or alkyl methacrylate; and        residues of dialkyl vinylbenzylphosphonate, alkyl vinylbenzylphosphonic acid monoester, or vinylbenzylphosphonic acid.     
     
     
       29. The up conversion display recited in  claim 27 , wherein the molar ratio of the residues of alkyl acrylate or alkyl methacrylate to the residues of dialkyl vinylbenzylphosphonate, alkyl vinylbenzylphosphonic acid monoester, or vinylbenzylphosphonic acid is from about  95 : 5  to about  20 : 80 . 
     
     
       30. A method for using an up- conversion phosphor as an emitting material in a reflective display comprising:      configuring said display with a heat - conductive substrate to hold said up - conversion phosphor; and        pumping said display from a source with an intensity and a duration to excite said up - conversion phosphor and to enable removal of heat developed in the up - conversion phosphor during said pumping, thereby increasing the luminescent efficiency of said up - conversion phosphor.     
     
     
       31. The method recited in  claim 30 , wherein said substrate comprises copper. 
     
     
       32. The method recited in  claim 30 , wherein said substrate comprises aluminum. 
     
     
       33. The method recited in  claim 30 , wherein said substrate comprises chemical vapor deposition ( CVD )  diamond.   
     
     
       34. The method recited in  claim 30 , wherein the up- conversion material comprises a green up - conversion material.   
     
     
       35. The method recited in  claim 34 , wherein the green up- conversion material comprises at least one of Yb, Er doped sodium yttrium fluoride, and Yb,Er:NYF 4 .   
     
     
       36. The method recited in  claim 30 , wherein the up- conversion material comprises a red up - conversion material.   
     
     
       37. The method recited in  claim 36 , wherein the red up- conversion material comprises at least one of Yb, Er doped yttrium fluoride and Yb,Er:YF 3 .   
     
     
       38. The method recited in  claim 30 , wherein the up- conversion material comprises a blue up - conversion material.   
     
     
       39. The method recited in  claim 38 , wherein the blue up- conversion material comprises at least one of Yb, Tm doped yttrium lithium fluoride and Yb,Tm:YLF 4 .   
     
     
       40. The method recited in  claim 30 , wherein the method is used on a three color up- conversion material having three different emitters and a passive polymer host.   
     
     
       41. The method recited in  claim 40 , wherein the passive polymer host comprises at least one copolymer, comprising:
   residues of alkyl acrylate or alkyl methacrylate; and        residues of dialkyl vinylbenzylphosphonate, alkyl vinylbenzylphosphonic acid monoester, or vinylbenzylphosphonic acid.     
     
     
       42. The method recited in  claim 41 , wherein the molar ratio of the residues of alkyl acrylate or alkyl methacrylate to the residues of dialkyl vinylbenzylphosphonate, alkyl vinylbenzylphosphonic acid monoester, or vinylbenzylphosphonic acid is from about  95 : 5  to about  20 : 80 . 
     
     
       43. A method of using a three color up- conversion material having three different emitters and a pumping source in a reflective display, comprising:      configuring said display with a heat - conductive substrate to reduce the operating temperature of the three color up - conversion material, wherein the substrate has a shape configured to hold the three color up - conversion material; and        pumping said display to provide a pulse having an intensity and a duration for exciting the three color up - conversion material, wherein the pulse intensity and pulse duration are selectable to substantially optimize the up - conversion process to emit the three colors and improve the efficiency of the display.     
     
     
       44. A photonic display device, comprising:
   at least one up - conversion material comprising:      at least one activator;        at least one co - dopant; and        a passive polymer host;          a heat conducting substrate for thermal management; and        a pumping source.