Cell search system for mobile station in time division duplex system and method for the same

Abstract

A cell search system for a mobile station in a time division duplex system includes: a primary synchronization code search module for searching primary synchronization codes and comparing frame values of the primary synchronization codes to determine a position of the maximum value; a correlation module for estimating a phase value and acquiring a first correlation value; a secondary synchronization code search module for generating determinative variables and storing them based on the position of the maximum value; a comparison and decision module for detecting a maximum value of the determinative variables, comparing it with the values stored in the secondary synchronization code search module to count matching values, and comparing the count value with a system value to decide whether slot synchronization and group acquisition is successful; and a base station determination module for determining a second correlation value between midamble codes and the received signals, and selecting a maximum value of it to determine a base station.

What is claimed is: 
     
       1. A cell search system for a mobile station in a time division duplex system, comprising:
 a primary synchronization code search module for searching primary synchronization codes for a predetermined search frame using received signals from a base station and generated primary synchronization codes, and comparing frame values of the primary synchronization codes to determine a position of the maximum value; 
 a correlation module for estimating a phase value necessary for demodulation of secondary synchronization codes from the primary synchronization codes searched by the primary synchronization code search module, and detecting a correlation between the received signals and codes forming the secondary synchronization codes using the estimated phase value and the position of the maximum value determined by the primary synchronization code search module to acquire a first correlation value; 
 a secondary synchronization code search module for generating determinative variables using the first correlation value of the correlation module, accumulating M slots based on the position of the maximum value, sorting, in the order of size, as many of the determinative variables of the respective M slots as can be sorted in a predetermined buffer size, and storing the sorted determinative variables; 
 a comparison and decision module for detecting a maximum value of the determinative variables of the secondary synchronization code search module, comparing the maximum variable value with the values stored in the secondary synchronization code search module to count matching values, and comparing the counted value with a predetermined system value to decide whether slot synchronization and group acquisition is successful; and 
 a base station determination module for detecting a correlation between the received signals and midamble codes in the group generated according to the decision result of the comparison and decision module to determine a second correlation value, and selecting a maximum of the second correlation values to determine the base station to which the mobile stations belongs, 
 wherein the mobile station operates to search primary and secondary synchronization codes during initial acquisition without determining threshold values before entering checking mode to determine if synchronization is acquired, searches primary synchronization codes again when slot synchronization and group acquisition is not successful, and searches midamble codes only when slot synchronization and group acquisition is successful. 
 
     
     
       2. The system as claimed in  claim 1 , further comprising a channel demodulation module for searching scramble codes according to the midamble codes to demodulate broadcasting channels, upon the base station determination module determining the base station. 
     
     
       3. The system as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the primary synchronization code search module comprises:
 a primary synchronization code generator for generating primary synchronization codes; 
 a matcher for loading the primary synchronization code values generated from the primary synchronization code generator for a predetermined search frame, and for matching the respective primary synchronization code values with the received signal to output a predetermined number of output values for the search frame; and 
 a first comparator for comparing the output values of the matcher to detect the position of the maximum value. 
 
     
     
       4. The system as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the correlation module comprises:
 a phase estimator for estimating a phase for modulating the secondary synchronization codes from the primary synchronization codes; 
 a secondary synchronization code generator for generating extension codes forming the secondary synchronization codes; and 
 a first correlator for detecting a correlation between the extension codes of the secondary synchronization code generator and the received signals using the position of the maximum value from the primary synchronization code search module and the phase value estimated by the correlation module to determine the first correlation value, and for integrating the first correlation value. 
 
     
     
       5. The system as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the secondary synchronization code search module comprises:
 a Hadamard converter for Hadamard-converting the correlation values of the correlation module; 
 a code cell storage section for storing the secondary synchronization codes modulated according to information about the group to which the mobile station belongs; 
 a calculator for operating the output values of the Hadamard converter and the modulated secondary synchronization code values from the code cell storage section to generate determinative variables; 
 an accumulator for accumulating M slots determined according to the sync channels per search frame based on the position of the maximum value selected by the primary synchronization code search module; and 
 a comparison and storage section for storing, in the order of size, as many of the determinative variables of the respective M slots as can be stored in a predetermined buffer size. 
 
     
     
       6. The system as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the comparison and decision module comprises:
 a detector for detecting a maximum value of the determinative variables generated from the secondary synchronization code search module; 
 a second comparator for comparing the values stored in the secondary synchronization code search module with the maximum value of the determinative variables from the detector to count matching values; and 
 a decider for comparing the counted value of the second comparator with a predetermined system value to decide whether slot synchronization and group acquisition is successful. 
 
     
     
       7. The system as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the base station determination module comprises:
 a midamble code generator for generating midamble codes in the group when the comparison and decision module decides that slot synchronization and group acquisition is successful; 
 a second correlator for detecting a correlation between the midamble codes generated from the midamble code generator and the received signals to output second correlation values; and 
 a maximum value detector for detecting a maximum value of the second correlation values from the correlator to determine the base station to which the mobile station belongs. 
 
     
     
       8. The system as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the comparison and decision module sends a command to the primary synchronization code search module to search the primary synchronization codes again, when slot synchronization and group acquisition is not successful. 
     
     
       9. A cell search method for a mobile station in a time division duplex system, comprising:
 (a) upon turning on power, the mobile station's searching for a base station to which it belongs, and searching primary synchronization codes for a predetermined search frame to determine a position of the maximum value during the search frame; 
 (b) the mobile station's extracting M slots from the position of the maximum value determined in the step (a), searching and accumulating secondary synchronization codes for M slots, sorting, in the order of size, as many of the secondary synchronization codes as can be sorted in a predetermined buffer size per slot, and storing the sorted secondary synchronization codes; 
 (c) determining a position of the maximum variable among the secondary synchronization code values accumulated in the step (b), and counting matching position values in the M slots having the maximum variables sorted in the order of size; 
 (d) comparing the count value of the step (c) with a predetermined system value to decide whether slot synchronization and group acquisition is successful; and 
 (e) searching midamble codes from the group determined by the secondary synchronization code search and detecting a maximum value of the midamble codes to determine the base station to which the mobile station belongs, only when slot synchronization and group acquisition is successful, wherein the mobile station searches primary and secondary synchronization codes during initial acquisition without determining a threshold value before entering checking mode to determine if synchronization is successful, and searches primary synchronization codes again when slot synchronization and group acquisition is not successful. 
 
     
     
       10. The method as claimed in  claim 9 , further comprising:
 (f) performing a primary synchronization code search again, when slot synchronization and group acquisition is not successful. 
 
     
     
       11. The method as claimed in  claim 9 , wherein the step (d) comprises:
 deciding that slot synchronization and group acquisition is successful, when the count value of the step (c) is equal to or greater than the system value; and 
 deciding that slot synchronization and group acquisition is not successful, when the count value of the step (c) is less than the system value. 
 
     
     
       12. The method as claimed in  claim 9 , wherein the step (e) comprises:
 searching scramble codes from the midamble codes and demodulating broadcasting channels using the scramble codes. 
 
     
     
       13. The method as claimed in  claim 12 , wherein the step of demodulating the broadcasting channels comprises:
 performing a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) of the demodulated broadcasting channels to decide whether there is an error; and 
 performing a primary synchronization code search again when there is an error, or deciding that the base station search is successful and ending the search process when there is no error. 
 
     
     
       14. A mobile station configured to conduct cell search, the mobile station comprising:
 a primary synchronization code search module configured to determine a position of a maximum primary synchronization code (PSC) value using received signals from a base station;   a correlation module configured to acquire a first correlation value between the received signals and codes forming secondary synchronization codes (SSCs) using the position of the maximum PSC value;   a secondary synchronization code search module configured to generate determinative variables using the first correlation value;   a comparison and decision module configured to detect a maximum value of the determinative variables generated from the secondary synchronization code search module, compare the values stored in the secondary synchronization code search module with the detected maximum value of the determinative variables to count matching values, and compare the counted matching values with a predetermined system value to decide whether slot synchronization and group acquisition is successful; and   a base station determination module configured to determine the base station to which the mobile station belongs using a correlation between the received signals and midamble codes,   wherein the mobile station is configured to search PSCs and SSCs without determining threshold values before deciding whether slot synchronization and group acquisition is successful,   search PSCs again when the comparison and decision module decides slot synchronization and group acquisition is not successful, and   search the midamble codes only when the comparison and decision module decides slot synchronization and group acquisition is successful.    
     
     
       15. The mobile station as claimed in claim 14, further comprising a channel demodulation module for searching scramble codes according to the midamble codes to demodulate broadcasting channels, upon the base station determination module determining the base station.  
     
     
       16. The mobile station as claimed in claim 14, wherein the primary synchronization code search module is configured to search PSCs for a predetermined search frame using the received signals from the base station and generated PSCs, and compare frame values of the PSCs to determine the position of the maximum PSC value.  
     
     
       17. The mobile station as claimed in claim 14, wherein the correlation module is configured to estimate a phase value necessary for demodulation of the SSCs from the PSCs searched by the primary synchronization code search module.  
     
     
       18. The mobile station as claimed in claim 14, wherein the secondary synchronization code search module is configured to accumulate M slots based on the position of the maximum PSC value, sorting, in the order of size, as many of the determinative variables of the respective M slots as can be sorted in a predetermined buffer size.  
     
     
       19. The mobile station as claimed in claim 14, wherein the base station determination module is configured to detect a correlation between the received signals and the midamble codes in the group generated according to a decision result of the comparison and decision module to determine a second correlation value, and selecting a maximum of the second correlation values to determine the base station to which the mobile stations belongs.  
     
     
       20. The mobile station as claimed in claim 14, wherein the primary synchronization code search module comprises:
 a primary synchronization code generator configured to generate PSCs;   a matcher configured to load the PSC values from the primary synchronization code generator for a predetermined search frame, and to match the respective PSC values with the signals from the base station to output frame values for the predetermined search frame; and   a first comparator configured to compare the frame values to determine the maximum PSC value within the predetermined search frame.    
     
     
       21. The mobile station as claimed in claim 14, wherein the correlation module comprises:
 a phase estimator configured to estimate a phase value for demodulation of the SSCs;   a secondary synchronization code generator configured to generate extension codes forming the SSCs; and   a first correlator for detecting a correlation between the extension codes and the received signals using the maximum primary synchronization code value and the estimated phase value.    
     
     
       22. The mobile station as claimed in claim 14, wherein the secondary synchronization code search module comprises:
 a Hadamard converter configured to Hadamard-convert the correlation value of the correlation module;   a code cell storage section configured to store the SSCs modulated according to information about the group to which the mobile station belongs;   a calculator configured to operate the output values of the Hadamard converter and the modulated SSC values from the code cell storage section to generate determinative variables;   an accumulator configured to accumulate M slots determined according to the sync channels per search frame based on the position of the maximum value selected by the primary synchronization code search module; and   a comparison and storage section configured to store, in the order of size, as many of the determinative variables of the respective M slots as can be stored in the predetermined buffer size.    
     
     
       23. The mobile station as claimed in claim 14, wherein the base station determination module comprises:
 a midamble code generator for generating midamble codes in the group when the comparison and decision module decides that slot synchronization and group acquisition is successful;   a second correlator for detecting a correlation between the midamble codes generated from the midamble code generator and the received signals to output second correlation values; and   a maximum value detector for detecting a maximum value of the second correlation values from the correlator to determine the base station to which the mobile station belongs.    
     
     
       24. The mobile station as claimed in claim 14, wherein the comparison and decision module sends a command to the primary synchronization code search module to search the PSCs again, when slot synchronization and group acquisition is not successful.  
     
     
       25. A cell search method for a mobile station in a communication system having a plurality of base stations transmitting primary synchronization codes (PSCs) and a midamble code, the method comprising:
 on at least one functional unit,   searching PSCs from received signals from the base station for a predetermined search frame to determine a position of a maximum value during the search frame;   acquiring a first correlation value between the received signals and codes forming secondary synchronization codes (SSCs) using the position of the maximum PSC value;   extracting M slots from the position of the maximum value, searching and accumulating SSCs for M slots, sorting, in order of size, as many of the secondary synchronization codes as can be sorted in a predetermined buffer size per slot, storing the SSCs, determining a position of the maximum variable among the accumulated SSC values, and counting matching position values in the M slots having the maximum variable numbers sorted in the order of size;   deciding that slot synchronization and group acquisition is successful, when the count value is equal to or greater than the system value;   deciding that slot synchronization and group acquisition is not successful, when the count value is less than the system value; and   determining the base station to which the mobile station belongs using a correlation between the received signals and midamble codes,   wherein the mobile station is configured to search PSCs and SSCs without determining threshold values before deciding whether slot synchronization and group acquisition is successful,   search PSCs again when the functional unit decides slot synchronization and group acquisition is not successful, and   search the midamble codes only when the functional unit decides slot synchronization and group acquisition is successful.    
     
     
       26. The method as claimed in claim 25, further comprising a step of performing a PSC search again, when the functional unit decides slot synchronization and group acquisition is not successful.  
     
     
       27. The method as claimed in claim 25, wherein the step of acquiring a first correlation value comprises estimating a phase value necessary for demodulation of the SSCs from the PSCs searched by the primary synchronization code search module.  
     
     
       28. The method as claimed in claim 25, wherein the step of determining the base station comprises:
 detecting a correlation between the received signals and the midamble codes in the group generated according to a decision result of the functional unit to determine a second correlation value; and   selecting a maximum of the second correlation values to determine the base station to which the mobile stations belongs.    
     
     
       29. The method as claimed in claim 28, further comprising searching scramble codes from the midamble codes and demodulating broadcasting channels using the scramble codes.  
     
     
       30. The method as claimed in claim 29, wherein the step of demodulating the broadcasting channels comprises performing a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) of the demodulated broadcasting channels to decide whether there is an error.  
     
     
       31. A cell search method for a mobile station, comprising:
 on at least one functional unit,   searching primary synchronization codes (PSCs) from received signals from a base station for a predetermined search frame to determine a position of the maximum value during the search frame;   acquiring a first correlation value between the received signals and codes forming secondary synchronization codes (SSCs) using the position of the maximum PSC value;   generating determinative variables using the first correlation value;   detecting a maximum value of the generated determinative variables;   comparing the values stored in the secondary synchronization code search module with the detected maximum value of the determinative variables to count matching values;   comparing the counted matching values with a predetermined system value to decide whether slot synchronization and group acquisition is successful; and   determining a base station to which the mobile station belongs using a correlation between the received signals and midamble codes,   wherein the mobile station is configured to search PSCs and SSCs without determining threshold values before deciding whether slot synchronization and group acquisition is successful,   search PSCs again when the functional unit decides slot synchronization and group acquisition is not successful, and   search the midamble codes only when the functional unit decides slot synchronization and group acquisition is successful.