Immobilization system for motor vehicles

Abstract

A vehicle immobilization system has an electronically controlled locking mechanism which requires interconnection with an electrical supply for it to be switched between a locked state and an unlocked state. The locking mechanism remains in the state to which it is switched when disconnected from the electrical supply. The immobilization system includes control means which operates to connect the locking mechanism to the electrical supply to switch it from one state to the other, and to disconnect the locking mechanism from the electrical supply when the vehicle engine is running or the vehicle is moving. The immobilization system also includes means to prevent cranking of the engine when the locking mechanism is in it's locked state.

What is claimed is: 
     
       1. A vehicle immobilization system for a vehicle, said vehicle having an on/off switch and an engine, said vehicle immobilization system comprising:
 an electronically controlled locking mechanism responsive to a remote command signal to move between a locked state and an unlocked state, said electronically controlled locking mechanism requiring an electrical supply to move in either direction between said locked state and said unlocked state, such that said electronically controlled locking mechanism remains in its current locked or unlocked state whenever disconnected from said electrical supply; 
 switch means for selectably connecting and disconnecting said electronically controlled locking mechanism to and from said electrical supply in response to an enable power command and a disable power command and for receiving an engine speed message and a vehicle speed message; and 
 control means coupled to said electronically controlled locking mechanism and said switch means, said control means generating said enable power command in response to activity of said on/off switch and preventing said enable power command when said engine is running or when said vehicle is moving, 
 wherein said control means is operably coupled to said electronically controlled locking mechanism and to said switch means by a multiplex bus, said control means transmitting said enable power command on said multiplex bus to said switch means in response to activity of said on/off switch and said switch means receiving said engine speed message and said vehicle speed message on said multiplex bus and failing to respond to said enable power command unless said engine speed message indicates said engine is stopped and said vehicle speed message indicates said vehicle is not moving, and 
 wherein said switch means disconnects said electronically controlled locking mechanism from both live and ground sides of said electrical supply in response to said disable power command. 
 
     
     
       2. A vehicle immobilization system according to  claim 1  said switch means selectably connects or disconnects said electronically controlled locking mechanism to said both live and ground sides of said electrical supply in response to said power enable command. 
     
     
       3. A vehicle immobilization system according to  claim 1  wherein said electronically controlled locking mechanism generates status messages to indicate when it is locked, unlocked, or in progress between said locked and unlocked positions. 
     
     
       4. A vehicle immobilization system according to  claim 1  further including antitheft means for checking a security code generated by insertion of an ignition key into said on/off switch, said electronically controlled locking mechanism moving to its unlocked state only when said security code is verified. 
     
     
       5. A vehicle immobilization system according to  claim 1  wherein further comprising a vehicle cranking relay for starting the engine of said vehicle, wherein said control means inhibits operation of said cranking relay when said electronically controlled locking mechanism is in its locked state. 
     
     
       6. A vehicle immobilization system according to  claim 2  wherein said switching means receives ‘Vehicle speed’ and ‘Engine speed’ messages and will fail to respond to said enable power command, unless said ‘Vehicle speed’ and ‘Engine speed’ messages indicate that said vehicle is not moving and said engine is stopped. 
     
     
       7. A vehicle immobilization system according to  claim 1  wherein said electronically controlled locking mechanism comprises an electric motor and a locking pin driven by said electric motor and having a locked position for engaging detent means associated with a component of the vehicle which must be moved to drive said vehicle or which will move when said vehicle is driven, and having an unlocked position clear of said detent means. 
     
     
       8. A vehicle immobilization system according to claim  5  7 wherein said electric motor is driven to move said locking pin to its locked position upon receipt of a ‘Lock’ command, and to move said locking pin to its unlocked position upon receipt of an ‘Unlock’ command. 
     
     
       9. A vehicle immobilization system according to claim 1 wherein said electronically controlled locking mechanism provides a status message indicative of a locking pin moving between a locked position and an unlocked position.  
     
     
       10. A vehicle immobilization system according to claim 9 wherein said electronically controlled locking mechanism transmits said status message on said multiplex bus.  
     
     
       11. A vehicle immobilization system according to claim 1 wherein said switch means includes a first switch module for electrically connecting and disconnecting said electronically controlled locking mechanism to and from said live side and a second switch module for electrically connecting and disconnecting said electronically controlled locking mechanism to and from said ground side.  
     
     
       12. A vehicle immobilization system for a vehicle, said vehicle having an on/off switch and an engine, said vehicle immobilization system comprising:
 an electronically controlled locking mechanism responsive to a remote command signal to move between a locked state and an unlocked state, said electronically controlled locking mechanism requiring an electrical supply to move in either direction between said locked state and said unlocked state, such that said electronically controlled locking mechanism remains in its current locked or unlocked state whenever disconnected from said electrical supply;   switch means for selectably connecting and disconnecting said electronically controlled locking mechanism to and from said electrical supply in response to an enable power command and a disable power command and for receiving an engine speed message and a vehicle speed message; and   control means coupled to said electronically controlled locking mechanism and said switch means, said control means generating said enable power command in response to activity of said on/off switch and preventing said enable power command when said engine is running or when said vehicle is moving,   wherein said control means is operably coupled to said electronically controlled locking mechanism and to said switch means by a multiplex bus, said control means transmitting said enable power command on said multiplex bus to said switch means in response to activity of said on/off switch and said switch means receiving said engine speed message and said vehicle speed message on said multiplex bus and failing to respond to said enable power command unless said engine speed message indicates said engine is stopped and said vehicle speed message indicates said vehicle is not moving, and   wherein said electronically controlled locking mechanism provides a status message indicative of a locking pin moving between a locked position and an unlocked position.    
     
     
       13. The vehicle immobilization system according to claim 12 wherein said electronically controlled locking mechanism transmits said status message on said multiplex bus.  
     
     
       14. The vehicle immobilization system according to claim 12 wherein said switch means disconnects said electronically controlled locking mechanism from both a live side and a ground side of said electrical supply.  
     
     
       15. The vehicle immobilization system according to claim 12 wherein said switch means includes a first switch module for electrically connecting and disconnecting said electronically controlled locking mechanism to and from a live side of said electrical supply and a second switch module for electrically connecting and disconnecting said electronically controlled locking mechanism to and from a ground side of said electrical supply.