Pyrene derivatives and organic electronic device using pyrene derivatives

Abstract

The present invention provides an organic electronic device using the compound of the formula (1) and a pyrene derivative having a new structure.

The invention claimed is: 
     
       1. An organic light-emitting device comprising a first electrode, a second electrode and at least one organic material layer arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode, in which at least one organic material layer comprises a compound represented by the following formula (1): 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein n is an integer of 1 or 2; 
         X is CH or N; 
         Y is NR 0  when n=1 and N when n=2 wherein R 0  is selected from the group consisting of a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group and a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group; 
         R 1  to R 9  are the same or different from each other and are each independently selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted arylamine group, a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted silane group, a substituted or unsubstituted boron group, a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic cyclic group, an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), a nitrile group (—CN), a nitro group (—NO 2 ), a halogen group, an amide group (—NHCOR, —CONHR, —CONRR′), an ester group (—COOR), a sulfonyl group (—SO 2 R), a sulfoxide group (—SOR), a sulfonamide group (—SO 2 NRR′), a sulfonate group (—SO 3 R), a trifluoromethyl group (—CF 3 ) and -L-M, and the R 1  to R 9  may form an aromatic, aliphatic or heterocyclic fused ring, together with the adjacent group; 
         L is a C 1 -C 60  alkylene group substituted or unsubstituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), an amide group (—NHCOR, —CONHR, —CONRR′), an ether group (—COR) and an ester group (—COOR); a C 6 -C 60  arylene group substituted or unsubstituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), an amide group (—NHCOR, —CONHR, —CONRR′), an ether group (—COR) and an ester group (—COOR); or 5- to 7-membered heterocyclic group substituted or unsubstituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), an amide group (—NHCOR, —CONHR, —CONRR′), an ether group (—COR) and an ester group (—COOR); 
         M is selected from the group consisting of an alcohol group (—OH), a thiol group (—SH), a phosphate group (—PO 3 H), an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), a substituted or unsubstituted polyolefin, a substituted or unsubstituted polyvinyl, a substituted or unsubstituted polyacrylate, a substituted or unsubstituted polythiophene, a substituted or unsubstituted polypyrrole, and a substituted or unsubstituted polyaniline; and 
         R and R′ are the same or different from each other and are each independently a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60  alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60  aryl group; or a substituted or unsubstituted 5- to 7-membered heterocyclic group. 
       
     
     
       2. The organic light-emitting device according to  claim 1 , wherein the compound of the formula (1) is the compound of the following formula (2): 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein m and n are each an integer of 1 or 2; 
         X 1  and X 2  are each independently CH or N; 
         Y 1  and Y 2  are each independently NR 0  when n=1 and N when n=2 wherein R 0  is selected from the group consisting of a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group and a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group; 
         R 1  to R 4  and R 7  to R 10  are the same or different from each other and are each independently selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted arylamine group, a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted silane group, a substituted or unsubstituted boron group, a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic cyclic group, an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), a nitrile group (—CN), a nitro group (—NO 2 ), a halogen group, an amide group (—NHCOR, —CONHR, —CONRR′), an ester group (—COOR), a sulfonyl group (—SO 2 R), a sulfoxide group (—SOR), a sulfonamide group (—SO 2 NRR′), a sulfonate group (—SO 3 R), a trifluoromethyl group (—CF 3 ) and -L-M, and the R 1  to R 4  and R 7  to R 10  may form an aromatic, aliphatic or heterocyclic fused ring, together with the adjacent group; 
         L is a C 1 -C 60  alkylene group substituted or unsubstituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), an amide group (—NHCOR, —CONHR, —CONRR′), an ether group (—COR) and an ester group (—COOR); a C 6 -C 60  arylene group substituted or unsubstituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), an amide group (—NHCOR, —CONHR, —CONRR′), an ether group (—COR) and an ester group (—COOR); or 5- to 7-membered heterocyclic group substituted or unsubstituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), an amide group (—NHCOR, —CONHR, CONRR′), an ether group (—COR) and an ester group (—COOR); 
         M is selected from the group consisting of an alcohol group (—OH), a thiol group (—SH), a phosphate group (—PO 3 H), an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), a substituted or unsubstituted polyolefin, a substituted or unsubstituted polyvinyl, a substituted or unsubstituted polyacrylate, a substituted or unsubstituted polythiophene, a substituted or unsubstituted polypyrrole, and a substituted or unsubstituted polyaniline; and 
         R and R′ are the same or different from each other and are each independently a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60  alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60  aryl group; or a substituted or unsubstituted 5- to 7-membered heterocyclic group. 
       
     
     
       3. The organic light-emitting device according to  claim 1 , wherein the compound of the formula (1) is selected from the compounds of the following formulas (3) to (8): 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein R 1  to R 10  and A 1  to A 4  are the same or different from each other and are each independently selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted arylamine group, a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted silane group, a substituted or unsubstituted boron group, a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic cyclic group, an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), a nitrile group (—CN), a nitro group (—NO 2 ), a halogen group, an amide group (—NHCOR, —CONHR, —CONRR′), an ester group (—COOR), a sulfonyl group (—SO 2 R), a sulfoxide group (—SOR), a sulfonamide group (—SO 2 NRR′), a sulfonate group (—SO 3 R), a trifluoromethyl group (—CF 3 ) and -L-M, and the R 1  to R 10  and A 1  to A 4  may form an aromatic, aliphatic or heterocyclic fused ring, together with the adjacent group; 
         in formula (8), at least one of A2 or A3 is a hydrogen atom; 
         L is a C 1 -C 60  alkylene group substituted or unsubstituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), an amide group (—NHCOR, —CONHR, —CONRR′), an ether group (—COR) and an ester group (—COOR); a C 6 -C 60  arylene group substituted or unsubstituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), an amide group (—NHCOR, —CONHR, —CONRR′), an ether group (—COR) and an ester group (—COOR); or 5- to 7-membered heterocyclic group substituted or unsubstituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), an amide group (—NHCOR, —CONHR, —CONRR′), an ether group (—COR) and an ester group (—COOR); 
         M is selected from the group consisting of an alcohol group (—OH), a thiol group (—SH), a phosphate group (—PO 3 H), an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), a substituted or unsubstituted polyolefin, a substituted or unsubstituted polyvinyl, a substituted or unsubstituted polyacrylate, a substituted or unsubstituted polythiophene, a substituted or unsubstituted polypyrrole, and a substituted or unsubstituted polyaniline; and 
         R and R′ are the same or different from each other and are each independently a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60  alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60  aryl group; or a substituted or unsubstituted 5- to 7-membered heterocyclic group. 
       
     
     
       4. The organic light-emitting device according to any one of  claims 1  to  3 , wherein the organic material layer comprises an electron-injecting layer and an electron-transporting layer, and the electron-injecting layer and the electron-transporting layer comprise the compound of the formula (1). 
     
     
       5. The organic light-emitting device according to any one of  claims 1  to  3 , wherein the organic material layer comprises a light-emitting layer, and the light-emitting layer comprises the compound of the formula (1). 
     
     
       6. The organic light-emitting device according to any one of  claims 1  to  3 , wherein the organic material layer comprises a hole-injecting layer or hole-transporting layer, and the hole-injecting layer or hole-transporting layer comprises the compound of the formula (1). 
     
     
       7. The organic light-emitting device according to any one of  claims 1  to  3 , wherein the organic material layer comprises a layer simultaneously performing electron injection/transportation and light emission, and the layer comprises the compound of the formula (1). 
     
     
       8. An organic solar cell comprising a first electrode, a second electrode and at least one organic material layer arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode, in which at least one organic material layer comprises a compound represented by the following formula (1): 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein n is an integer of 1 or 2; 
         X is CH or N; 
         Y is NR 0  when n=1 and N when n=2 wherein R 0  is selected from the group consisting of a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group and a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group; 
         R 1  to R 9  are the same or different from each other and are each independently selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted arylamine group, a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted silane group, a substituted or unsubstituted boron group, a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic cyclic group, an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), a nitrile group (—CN), a nitro group (—NO 2 ), a halogen group, an amide group (—NHCOR, —CONHR, —CONRR′), an ester group (—COOR), a sulfonyl group (—SO 2 R), a sulfoxide group (—SOR), a sulfonamide group (—SO 2 NRR′), a sulfonate group (—SO 3 R), a trifluoromethyl group (—CF 3 ) and -L-M, and the R 1  to R 9  may form an aromatic, aliphatic or heterocyclic fused ring, together with the adjacent group; 
         L is a C 1 -C 60  alkylene group substituted or unsubstituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), an amide group (—NHCOR, —CONHR, —CONRR′), an ether group (—COR) and an ester group (—COOR); a C 6 -C 60  arylene group substituted or unsubstituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), an amide group (—NHCOR, —CONHR, —CONRR′), an ether group (—COR) and an ester group (—COOR); or 5- to 7-membered heterocyclic group substituted or unsubstituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), an amide group (—NHCOR, —CONHR, —CONRR′), an ether group (—COR) and an ester group (—COOR); 
         M is selected from the group consisting of an alcohol group (—OH), a thiol group (—SH), a phosphate group (—PO 3 H), an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), a substituted or unsubstituted polyolefin, a substituted or unsubstituted polyvinyl, a substituted or unsubstituted polyacrylate, a substituted or unsubstituted polythiophene, a substituted or unsubstituted polypyrrole, and a substituted or unsubstituted polyaniline; and 
         R and R′ are the same or different from each other and are each independently a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60  alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60  aryl group; or a substituted or unsubstituted 5- to 7-membered heterocyclic group. 
       
     
     
       9. The organic solar cell according to  claim 8 , wherein the compound of the formula (1) is the compound of the following formula (2): 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein m and n are each an integer of 1 or 2; 
         X 1  and X 2  are each independently CH or N; 
         Y 1  and Y 2  are each independently NR 0  when n=1 and N when n=2 wherein R 0  is selected from the group consisting of a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group and a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group; 
         R 1  to R 4  and R 7  to R 10  are the same or different from each other and are each independently selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted arylamine group, a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted silane group, a substituted or unsubstituted boron group, a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic cyclic group, an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), a nitrile group (—CN), a nitro group (—NO 2 ), a halogen group, an amide group (—NHCOR, —CONHR, —CONRR′), an ester group (—COOR), a sulfonyl group (—SO 2 R), a sulfoxide group (—SOR), a sulfonamide group (—SO 2 NRR′), a sulfonate group (—SO 3 R), a trifluoromethyl group (—CF 3 ) and -L-M, and the R 1  to R 4  and R 7  to R 10  may form an aromatic, aliphatic or heterocyclic fused ring, together with the adjacent group; 
         L is a C 1 -C 60  alkylene group substituted or unsubstituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), an amide group (—NHCOR, —CONHR, —CONRR′), an ether group (—COR) and an ester group (—COOR); a C 6 -C 60  arylene group substituted or unsubstituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), an amide group (—NHCOR, —CONHR, —CONRR′), an ether group (—COR) and an ester group (—COOR); or 5- to 7-membered heterocyclic group substituted or unsubstituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), an amide group (—NHCOR, —CONHR, —CONRR′), an ether group (—COR) and an ester group (—COOR); 
         M is selected from the group consisting of an alcohol group (—OH), a thiol group (—SH), a phosphate group (—PO 3 H), an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), a substituted or unsubstituted polyolefin, a substituted or unsubstituted polyvinyl, a substituted or unsubstituted polyacrylate, a substituted or unsubstituted polythiophene, a substituted or unsubstituted polypyrrole, and a substituted or unsubstituted polyaniline; and 
         R and R′ are the same or different from each other and are each independently a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60  alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60  aryl group; or a substituted or unsubstituted 5- to 7-membered heterocyclic group. 
       
     
     
       10. The organic solar cell according to  claim 8 , wherein the compound of the formula (1) is selected from the compounds of the following formulas (3) to (8): 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein R 1  to R 10  and A 1  to A 4  are the same or different from each other and are each independently selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted arylamine group, a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted silane group, a substituted or unsubstituted boron group, a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic cyclic group, an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), a nitrile group (—CN), a nitro group (—NO 2 ), a halogen group, an amide group (—NHCOR, —CONHR, —CONRR′), an ester group (—COOR), a sulfonyl group (—SO 2 R), a sulfoxide group (—SOR), a sulfonamide group (—SO 2 NRR′), a sulfonate group (—SO 3 R), a trifluoromethyl group (—CF 3 ) and -L-M, and the R 1  to R 10  and A 1  to A 4  may form an aromatic, aliphatic or heterocyclic fused ring, together with the adjacent group; 
         in formula (8), at least one of A2 or A3 is a hydrogen atom; 
         L is a C 1 -C 60  alkylene group substituted or unsubstituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), an amide group (—NHCOR, —CONHR, —CONRR′), an ether group (—COR) and an ester group (—COOR); a C 6 -C 60  arylene group substituted or unsubstituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), an amide group (—NHCOR, —CONHR, —CONRR′), an ether group (—COR) and an ester group (—COOR); or 5- to 7-membered heterocyclic group substituted or unsubstituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), an amide group (—NHCOR, —CONHR, —CONRR′), an ether group (—COR) and an ester group (—COOR); 
         M is selected from the group consisting of an alcohol group (—OH), a thiol group (—SH), a phosphate group (—PO 3 H), an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), a substituted or unsubstituted polyolefin, a substituted or unsubstituted polyvinyl, a substituted or unsubstituted polyacrylate, a substituted or unsubstituted polythiophene, a substituted or unsubstituted polypyrrole, and a substituted or unsubstituted polyaniline; and 
         R and R′ are the same or different from each other and are each independently a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60  alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60  aryl group; or a substituted or unsubstituted 5- to 7-membered heterocyclic group. 
       
     
     
       11. An organic photoconductor comprising a first electrode, a second electrode and at least one organic material layer arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode, in which at least one organic material layer comprises a compound represented by the following formula (1): 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein n is an integer of 1 or 2; 
         X is CH or N; 
         Y is NR 0  when n=1 and N when n=2 wherein R 0  is selected from the group consisting of a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group and a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group; 
         R 1  to R 9  are the same or different from each other and are each independently selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted arylamine group, a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted silane group, a substituted or unsubstituted boron group, a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic cyclic group, an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), a nitrile group (—CN), a nitro group (—NO 2 ), a halogen group, an amide group (—NHCOR, —CONHR, —CONRR′), an ester group (—COOR), a sulfonyl group (—SO 2 R), a sulfoxide group (—SOR), a sulfonamide group (—SO 2 NRR′), a sulfonate group (—SO 3 R), a trifluoromethyl group (—CF 3 ) and -L-M, and the R 1 to R 9  may form an aromatic, aliphatic or heterocyclic fused ring, together with the adjacent group; 
         L is a C 1 -C 60  alkylene group substituted or unsubstituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), an amide group (—NHCOR, —CONHR, —CONRR′), an ether group (—COR) and an ester group (—COOR); a C 6 -C 60  arylene group substituted or unsubstituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), an amide group (—NHCOR, —CONHR, —CONRR′), an ether group (—COR) and an ester group (—COOR); or 5- to 7-membered heterocyclic group substituted or unsubstituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), an amide group (—NHCOR, —CONHR, —CONRR′), an ether group (—COR) and an ester group (—COOR); 
         M is selected from the group consisting of an alcohol group (—OH), a thiol group (—SH), a phosphate group (—PO 3 H), an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), a substituted or unsubstituted polyolefin, a substituted or unsubstituted polyvinyl, a substituted or unsubstituted polyacrylate, a substituted or unsubstituted polythiophene, a substituted or unsubstituted polypyrrole, and a substituted or unsubstituted polyaniline; and 
         R and R′ are the same or different from each other and are each independently a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60  alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60  aryl group; or a substituted or unsubstituted 5- to 7-membered heterocyclic group. 
       
     
     
       12. The organic photoconductor according to  claim 11 , wherein the compound of the formula (1) is the compound of the following formula (2): 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein m and n are each an integer of 1 or 2; 
         X 1  and X 2  are each independently CH or N; 
         Y 1  and Y 2  are each independently NR 0  when n=1 and N when n=2 wherein R 0  is selected from the group consisting of a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group and a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group; 
         R 1  to R 4  and R 7  to R 10  are the same or different from each other and are each independently selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted arylamine group, a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted silane group, a substituted or unsubstituted boron group, a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic cyclic group, an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), a nitrile group (—CN), a nitro group (—NO 2 ), a halogen group, an amide group (—NHCOR, —CONHR, —CONRR′), an ester group (—COOR), a sulfonyl group (—SO 2 R), a sulfoxide group (—SOR), a sulfonamide group (—SO 2 NRR′), a sulfonate group (—SO 3 R), a trifluoromethyl group (—CF 3 ) and -L-M, and the R 1  to R 4  and R 7  to R 10  may form an aromatic, aliphatic or heterocyclic fused ring, together with the adjacent group; 
         L is a C 1 -C 60  alkylene group substituted or unsubstituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), an amide group (—NHCOR, —CONHR, —CONRR′), an ether group (—COR) and an ester group (—COOR); a C 6 -C 60  arylene group substituted or unsubstituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), an amide group (—NHCOR, —CONHR, —CONRR′), an ether group (—COR) and an ester group (—COOR); or 5- to 7-membered heterocyclic group substituted or unsubstituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), an amide group (—NHCOR, —CONHR, —CONRR′), an ether group (—COR) and an ester group (—COOR); 
         M is selected from the group consisting of an alcohol group (—OH), a thiol group (—SH), a phosphate group (—PO 3 H), an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), a substituted or unsubstituted polyolefin, a substituted or unsubstituted polyvinyl, a substituted or unsubstituted polyacrylate, a substituted or unsubstituted polythiophene, a substituted or unsubstituted polypyrrole, and a substituted or unsubstituted polyaniline; and 
         R and R′ are the same or different from each other and are each independently a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60  alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60  aryl group; or a substituted or unsubstituted 5- to 7-membered heterocyclic group. 
       
     
     
       13. The organic photoconductor according to  claim 11 , wherein the compound of the formula (1) is selected from the compounds of the following formulas (3) to (8): 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein R 1  to R 10  and A 1  to A 4  are the same or different from each other and are each independently selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted arylamine group, a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted silane group, a substituted or unsubstituted boron group, a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic cyclic group, an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), a nitrile group (—CN), a nitro group (—NO 2 ), a halogen group, an amide group (—NHCOR, —CONHR, —CONRR′), an ester group (—COOR), a sulfonyl group (—SO 2 R), a sulfoxide group (—SOR), a sulfonamide group (—SO 2 NRR′), a sulfonate group (—SO 3 R), a trifluoromethyl group (—CF 3 ) and -L-M, and the R 1  to R 10  and A 1  to A 4  may form an aromatic, aliphatic or heterocyclic fused ring, together with the adjacent group; 
         in formula (8), at least one of A2 or A3 is a hydrogen atom; 
         L is a C 1 -C 60  alkylene group substituted or unsubstituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), an amide group (—NHCOR, —CONHR, —CONRR′), an ether group (—COR) and an ester group (—COOR); a C 6 -C 60  arylene group substituted or unsubstituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), an amide group (—NHCOR, —CONHR, —CONRR′), an ether group (—COR) and an ester group (—COOR); or 5- to 7-membered heterocyclic group substituted or unsubstituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), an amide group (—NHCOR, —CONHR, —CONRR′), an ether group (—COR) and an ester group (—COOR); 
         M is selected from the group consisting of an alcohol group (—OH), a thiol group (—SH), a phosphate group (—PO 3 H), an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), a substituted or unsubstituted polyolefin, a substituted or unsubstituted polyvinyl, a substituted or unsubstituted polyacrylate, a substituted or unsubstituted polythiophene, a substituted or unsubstituted polypyrrole, and a substituted or unsubstituted polyaniline; and 
         R and R′ are the same or different from each other and are each independently a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60  alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60  aryl group; or a substituted or unsubstituted 5- to 7-membered heterocyclic group. 
       
     
     
       14. A compound represented by the following formula (3): 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein R 1  to R 9  and A 1  are the same or different from each other and are each independently selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted arylamine group, a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted silane group, a substituted or unsubstituted boron group, a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic cyclic group, an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), a nitrile group (—CN), a nitro group (—NO 2 ), a halogen group, an amide group (—NHCOR, —CONHR, —CONRR′), an ester group (—COOR), a sulfonyl group (—SO 2 R), a sulfoxide group (—SOR), a sulfonamide group (—SO 2 NRR′), a sulfonate group (—SO 3 R), a trifluoromethyl group (—CF 3 ) and -L-M, and the R 1  to R 9  and A 1  may form an aromatic, aliphatic or heterocyclic fused ring, together with the adjacent group; 
         L is a C 1 -C 60  alkylene group substituted or unsubstituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), an amide group (—NHCOR, —CONHR, —CONRR′), an ether group (—COR) and an ester group (—COOR); a C 6 -C 60  arylene group substituted or unsubstituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), an amide group (—NHCOR, —CONHR, —CONRR′), an ether group (—COR) and an ester group (—COOR); or 5- to 7-membered heterocyclic group substituted or unsubstituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), an amide group (—NHCOR, —CONHR, —CONRR′), an ether group (—COR) and an ester group (—COOR); 
         M is selected from the group consisting of an alcohol group (—OH), a thiol group (—SH), a phosphate group (—PO 3 H), an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), a substituted or unsubstituted polyolefin, a substituted or unsubstituted polyvinyl, a substituted or unsubstituted polyacrylate, a substituted or unsubstituted polythiophene, a substituted or unsubstituted polypyrrole, and a substituted or unsubstituted polyaniline; and 
         R and R′ are the same or different from each other and are each independently a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60  alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60  aryl group; or a substituted or unsubstituted 5- to 7-membered heterocyclic group. 
       
     
     
       15. A compound represented by the following formula (4): 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein R 2  to R 9 , A 1  and A 2  are the same or different from each other and are each independently selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted arylamine group, a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted silane group, a substituted or unsubstituted boron group, a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic cyclic group, an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), a nitrile group (—CN), a nitro group (—NO 2 ), a halogen group, an amide group (—NHCOR, —CONHR, —CONRR′), an ester group (—COOR), a sulfonyl group (—SO 2 R), a sulfoxide group (—SOR), a sulfonamide group (—SO 2 NRR′), a sulfonate group (—SO 3 R), a trifluoromethyl group (—CF 3 ) and -L-M, and the R 2  to R 9 , A 1  and A 2  may form an aromatic, aliphatic or heterocyclic fused ring, together with the adjacent group; 
         L is a C 1 -C 60  alkylene group substituted or unsubstituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), an amide group (—NHCOR, —CONHR, —CONRR′), an ether group (—COR) and an ester group (—COOR); a C 6 -C 60  arylene group substituted or unsubstituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), an amide group (—NHCOR, —CONHR, —CONRR′), an ether group (—COR) and an ester group (—COOR); or 5- to 7-membered heterocyclic group substituted or unsubstituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), an amide group (—NHCOR, —CONHR, —CONRR′), an ether group (—COR) and an ester group (—COOR); 
         M is selected from the group consisting of an alcohol group (—OH), a thiol group (—SH), a phosphate group (—PO 3 H), an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), a substituted or unsubstituted polyolefin, a substituted or unsubstituted polyvinyl, a substituted or unsubstituted polyacrylate, a substituted or unsubstituted polythiophene, a substituted or unsubstituted polypyrrole, and a substituted or unsubstituted polyaniline; and 
         R and R′ are the same or different from each other and are each independently a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60  alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60  aryl group; or a substituted or unsubstituted 5- to 7-membered heterocyclic group. 
       
     
     
       16. A compound represented by the following formula (5): 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein R 1  to R 9  and A 1  are the same or different from each other and are each independently selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted arylamine group, a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted silane group, a substituted or unsubstituted boron group, a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic cyclic group, an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), a nitrile group (—CN), a nitro group (—NO 2 ), a halogen group, an amide group (—NHCOR, —CONHR, —CONRR′), an ester group (—COOR), a sulfonyl group (—SO 2 R), a sulfoxide group (—SOR), a sulfonamide group (—SO 2 NRR′), a sulfonate group (—SO 3 R), a trifluoromethyl group (—CF 3 ) and -L-M, and the R 1  to R 9  and A 1  may form an aromatic, aliphatic or heterocyclic fused ring, together with the adjacent group; 
         L is a C 1 -C 60  alkylene group substituted or unsubstituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), an amide group (—NHCOR, —CONHR, —CONRR′), an ether group (—COR) and an ester group (—COOR); a C 6 -C 60  arylene group substituted or unsubstituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), an amide group (—NHCOR, —CONHR, —CONRR′), an ether group (—COR) and an ester group (—COOR); or 5- to 7-membered heterocyclic group substituted or unsubstituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), an amide group (—NHCOR, —CONHR, —CONRR′), an ether group (—COR) and an ester group (—COOR); 
         M is selected from the group consisting of an alcohol group (—OH), a thiol group (—SH), a phosphate group (—PO 3 H), an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), a substituted or unsubstituted polyolefin, a substituted or unsubstituted polyvinyl, a substituted or unsubstituted polyacrylate, a substituted or unsubstituted polythiophene, a substituted or unsubstituted polypyrrole, and a substituted or unsubstituted polyaniline; and 
         R and R′ are the same or different from each other and are each independently a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60  alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60  aryl group; or a substituted or unsubstituted 5- to 7-membered heterocyclic group. 
       
     
     
       17. A compound represented by the following formula (6): 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein R 1  to R 4 , R 7  to R 10 , A 1  and A 2  are the same or different from each other and are each independently selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted arylamine group, a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted silane group, a substituted or unsubstituted boron group, a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic cyclic group, an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), a nitrile group (—CN), a nitro group (—NO 2 ), a halogen group, an amide group (—NHCOR, —CONHR, —CONRR′), an ester group (—COOR), a sulfonyl group (—SO 2 R), a sulfoxide group (—SOR), a sulfonamide group (—SO 2 NRR′), a sulfonate group (—SO 3 R), a trifluoromethyl group (—CF 3 ) and -L-M, and the R 1  to R 4 , R 7  to R 10 , A 1  and A 2  may form an aromatic, aliphatic or heterocyclic fused ring, together with the adjacent group; 
         L is a C 1 -C 60  alkylene group substituted or unsubstituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), an amide group (—NHCOR, —CONHR, —CONRR′), an ether group (—COR) and an ester group (—COOR); a C 6 -C 60  arylene group substituted or unsubstituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), an amide group (—NHCOR, —CONHR, —CONRR′), an ether group (—COR) and an ester group (—COOR); or 5- to 7-membered heterocyclic group substituted or unsubstituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), an amide group (—NHCOR, —CONHR, —CONRR′), an ether group (—COR) and an ester group (—COOR); 
         M is selected from the group consisting of an alcohol group (—OH), a thiol group (—SH), a phosphate group (—PO 3 H), an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), a substituted or unsubstituted polyolefin, a substituted or unsubstituted polyvinyl, a substituted or unsubstituted polyacrylate, a substituted or unsubstituted polythiophene, a substituted or unsubstituted polypyrrole, and a substituted or unsubstituted polyaniline; and 
         R and R′ are the same or different from each other and are each independently a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60  alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60  aryl group; or a substituted or unsubstituted 5- to 7-membered heterocyclic group. 
       
     
     
       18. A compound represented by the following formula (7): 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein R 2  to R 4 , and R 7  to R 9 , and A 1  to A 4  are the same or different from each other and are each independently selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted arylamine group, a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted silane group, a substituted or unsubstituted boron group, a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic cyclic group, an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), a nitrile group (—CN), a nitro group (—NO 2 ), a halogen group, an amide group (—NHCOR, —CONHR, —CONRR′), an ester group (—COOR), a sulfonyl group (—SO 2 R), a sulfoxide group (—SOR), a sulfonamide group (—SO 2 NRR′), a sulfonate group (—SO 3 R), a trifluoromethyl group (—CF 3 ) and -L-M, and the R 2  to R 4 , and R 7  to R 9 , and A 1  to A 4  may form an aromatic, aliphatic or heterocyclic fused ring, together with the adjacent group; 
         A 1  to A 4  are the same or different from each other and are each independently selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted arylamine group, a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted silane group, a substituted or unsubstituted boron group, a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic cyclic group, an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), a nitro group (—NO 2 ), a halogen group, an amide group (—NHCOR, —CONHR, —CONRR′), an ester group (—COOR) a sulfonyl group (—SO 2 R), a sulfoxide group (—SOR), a sulfonamide group (—SO 2 NRR′), a sulfonate group (—SO 3 R), a trifluoromethyl group (—CF 3 ) and -L-M, and the A 1  to A 4  may form an aliphatic or heterocyclic fused ring, together with the adjacent group; 
         L is a C 1 -C 60  alkylene group substituted or unsubstituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), an amide group (—NHCOR, —CONHR, —CONRR′), an ether group (—COR) and an ester group (—COOR); a C 6 -C 60  arylene group substituted or unsubstituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), an amide group (—NHCOR, —CONHR, —CONRR′), an ether group (—COR) and an ester group (—COOR); or 5- to 7-membered heterocyclic group substituted or unsubstituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), an amide group (—NHCOR, —CONHR, —CONRR′), an ether group (—COR) and an ester group (—COOR); 
         M is selected from the group consisting of an alcohol group (—OH), a thiol group (—SH), a phosphate group (—PO 3 H), an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), a substituted or unsubstituted polyolefin, a substituted or unsubstituted polyvinyl, a substituted or unsubstituted polyacrylate, a substituted or unsubstituted polythiophene, a substituted or unsubstituted polypyrrole, and a substituted or unsubstituted polyaniline; and 
         R and R′ are the same or different from each other and are each independently a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60  alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60  aryl group; or a substituted or unsubstituted 5- to 7-membered heterocyclic group. 
       
     
     
       19. A compound represented by the following formula (8): 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein R 1  to R 4 , R 7  to R 10 , and A 1  to A 4  are the same or different from each other and are each independently selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted arylamine group, a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted silane group, a substituted or unsubstituted boron group, a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic cyclic group, an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), a nitrile group (—CN), a nitro group (—NO 2 ), a halogen group, an amide group (—NHCOR, —CONHR, —CONRR′), an ester group (—COOR); a sulfonyl group (—SO 2 R), a sulfoxide group (—SOR), a sulfonamide group (—SO 2 NRR′), a sulfonate group (—SO 3 R), a trifluoromethyl group (—CF 3 ) and -L-M, and the R 1  to R 4 , R 7  to R 10 , and A 1  to A 4  may form an aromatic, aliphatic or heterocyclic fused ring, together with the adjacent group; 
         L is a C 1 -C 60  alkylene group substituted or unsubstituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), an amide group (—NHCOR, —CONHR, —CONRR′), an ether group (—COR) and an ester group (—COOR); a C 6 -C 60  arylene group substituted or unsubstituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), an amide group (—NHCOR, —CONHR, —CONRR′), an ether group (—COR) and an ester group (—COOR); or 5- to 7-membered heterocyclic group substituted or unsubstituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), an amide group (—NHCOR, —CONHR, —CONRR′), an ether group (—COR) and an ester group (—COOR); 
         M is selected from the group consisting of an alcohol group (—OH), a thiol group (—SH), a phosphate group (—PO 3 H), an amine group (—NHR, —NRR′), a substituted or unsubstituted polyolefin, a substituted or unsubstituted polyvinyl, a substituted or unsubstituted polyacrylate, a substituted or unsubstituted polythiophene, a substituted or unsubstituted polypyrrole, and a substituted or unsubstituted polyaniline; and 
         R and R′ are the same or different from each other and are each independently a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60  alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60  aryl group; or a substituted or unsubstituted 5- to 7-membered heterocyclic group.