Speed and acceleration monitoring device using visible laser beams

Abstract

Apparatus for obtaining the speed and acceleration of a motor vehicle in which the speed and acceleration are used in combination with exhaust emissions data obtained from the motor vehicle to analyze information about the pollutants being dispersed into the air by the motor vehicle. The apparatus includes a first radiation source producing a visible laser beam received by a first detector and a second radiation source producing a visible laser beam received by a second detector. The first and second radiation sources are arranged along the roadway with a known spacing and at a height so that the visible laser beams are interrupted by the front and rear wheels of the motor vehicle as it passes along the roadway. The detectors provide output pulses indicating whether the visible laser beams are interrupted and the time of the occurrence of each of the pulses is measured and recorded. An analyzer then calculates the speed and acceleration from the known spacing distance and the stored time measurements.

We claim: 
     
       1. Apparatus for determining speed and acceleration of a motor vehicle traveling on a roadway comprising:
 a first radiation source producing a visible entrance laser first beam and arranged at one side of the roadway; 
 a first detector arranged at an opposite side of the roadway to receive said visible entrance laser first beam from said first radiation source for producing an output signal indicating a presence or absence of the visible entrance laser first beam; 
 a second radiation source producing a visible exit laser second beam and arranged at said one side of the roadway and being spaced apart by a predetermined distance from said first radiation source; 
 a second detector arranged at said opposite side of the roadway to receive said visible exit laser beam from said second radiation source for producing an output signal indicating the presence or absence of the visible exit laser second beam; 
 wherein front and rear wheels of the motor vehicle each interrupt said visible entrance laser first beam and said visible exit laser second beam and the interruptions are detected by said first and second detectors; and 
 vehicle emissions testing means for obtaining exhaust emissions information for the motor vehicle; and 
 analyzing means receiving said output signals from said first and second detectors for calculating the speed and acceleration of the motor vehicle to be used in combination with the obtained exhaust emissions information. 
 
     
     
       2. The apparatus according to  claim 1  wherein the analyzing means further comprises:
 timing means for measuring time; 
 determining means for producing a pulse when said front wheel and rear wheel passes into and departs from said visible entrance laser first beam and said visible exit laser second beam, respectively; 
 memory means for storing each measured time when said determining means produces said pulse indicating that said front and rear wheels passed into and out of said visible entrance laser first beam and said visible exit laser second beam, respectively; and 
 calculating means for calculating said speed and acceleration using said predetermined distance and each of said measured times recorded by said recording means. 
 
     
     
       3. The apparatus according to  claim 2  further comprising:
 vehicle emissions testing means receiving said calculated speed and acceleration from said analyzing means for obtaining exhaust emissions data from the motor vehicle; and 
 display means for displaying said speed and acceleration calculated by said analyzing means. 
 
     
     
       4. The apparatus according to  claim 2  wherein said predetermined distance is substantially equal to 70 inches. 
     
     
       5. The apparatus according to  claim 2  wherein said visible entrance laser first beam and said visible exit laser second beam are unmodulated. 
     
     
       6. The apparatus according to  claim 2  wherein said first detector and said second detector include a photo transistor having a lens and a bandpass filter. 
     
     
       7. A method for determining speed and acceleration of a motor vehicle traveling on a roadway comprising the steps of:
 producing a plurality of visible laser beams spaced apart by a predetermined distance and directed across the roadway; 
 arranging the plurality of visible laser beams at a height to be interrupted by front and rear wheels of the motor vehicle; 
 determining when the front and rear wheels pass into and out of each of said plurality of visible lasers beams; 
 producing a time measurement at each determined occurrence; 
 recording each of said time measurements when the front and rear wheels pass into and out of each of said plurality of visible laser beams, respectively; and 
 calculating a speed value and an acceleration value from said fixed distance and each of the time measurements recorded in said step of recording; 
 obtaining exhaust emissions data from the motor vehicle; and 
 utilizing the calculated speed value and the calculated acceleration value in an analysis of the obtained exhaust emissions data. 
 
     
     
       8. A method according to  claim 7 , further comprising the steps of:
 obtaining exhaust emissions data from the motor vehicle; and   displaying the calculated speed value and the calculated acceleration value.   
     
     
       9. Apparatus for detecting acceleration of a motor vehicle passing along a roadway comprising:
 means for producing first and second visible laser beams spaced apart by a predetermined distance on one side of the roadway and arranged at a height above the roadway so as each to be interrupted by a front wheel and a rear wheel of the motor vehicle; 
 detector means arranged at a side of the roadway opposite said one side for receiving said first and second visible laser beams and producing respective output signals indicating interruptions of said first and second visible laser beams by the front and rear wheels of the motor vehicle; 
 measuring means for receiving said output signals from said detector means for producing time measurements at each occurrence of said interruptions of said first and second visible laser beams and for producing time measurements at each resumption of each interrupted first and second visible laser beams; and 
 vehicle emissions testing means for obtaining exhaust emissions information for the motor vehicle; and  
 calculating means receiving said time measurements from said measuring means for calculating an acceleration of the motor vehicle, based on said predetermined distance, to be used in combination with the obtained exhaust emissions information.