Cathode active material, cathode therewith and nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery

Abstract

The invention provides a cathode active material that includes: a particle containing a cathode material capable of absorbing and releasing an electrode reactive material; and a film that is disposed at least partially to the particle and contains a metal salt represented by a formula (1). (R1 represents a (a1+b1+c1) valent group and M1 represents a metallic element. a1, d1, e1 and n each represent an integer of 1 or more and b1 and c1 each represent an integer of 0 or more. However, b1 and c1 satisfy (b1+c1)≧1.), a cathode therewith and a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery.

The invention is claimed as follows: 
     
       1. A cathode active material for non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, comprising:
 a particle containing a cathode material capable of absorbing and releasing lithium; and 
 a film that is disposed at least partially to the particle and contains a metal salt represented by a formula (2): 
 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         where R2 represents a chain saturated hydrocarbon group, a chain unsaturated hydrocarbon group or a ring saturated hydrocarbon group, where M2 represents lithium, and where a2, b2, c2, d2 and e2 each represent an integer of 1 or more. 
       
     
     
       2. The cathode active material for non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to  claim 1 , wherein the metal salt represented by the formula (2) is at least one kind selected from the group consisting of lithium 2-hydroxypropane sulfonate and lithium 2-hydroxypropene sulfonate. 
     
     
       3. The cathode active material for non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to  claim 1 , wherein the film contains an alkali metal salt or an alkaline earth metal salt different from the metal salt represented by the formula (2). 
     
     
       4. The cathode active material for non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to  claim 1 , wherein the particle at least contains lithium and at least one transition metal. 
     
     
       5. The cathode active material for non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to  claim 4 , wherein the particle contains cobalt Co and has a layered structure. 
     
     
       6. The cathode active material for non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to  claim 4 , wherein the particle contains a main transition metal element that is largest in a ratio among transition metals constituting the particle, and wherein at least one element different from the main transition metal element is present at least partially on a surface of the particle. 
     
     
       7. The cathode active material for non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to  claim 6 , wherein the particle contains at least one of nickel Ni, manganese Mn and phosphorus P as an element different from the main transition metal element. 
     
     
       8. A cathode for non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, comprising:
 a conductive base material; and 
 a cathode active material layer that is disposed on the conductive base material and at least contains a cathode active material, wherein 
 the cathode active material includes: 
 a particle containing a cathode material capable of absorbing and releasing lithium; and 
 a film that is disposed at least partially on the particle and contains a metal salt represented by a formula (2): 
 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         where R2 represents a chain saturated hydrocarbon group, a chain unsaturated hydrocarbon group or a ring saturated hydrocarbon group, where M2 represents lithium, and where a2, b2, c2, d2 and e2 each represent an integer of 1 or more. 
       
     
     
       9. A non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery comprising:
 a cathode having a cathode active material; 
 an anode; 
 a separator; and 
 an electrolyte, 
 wherein the cathode active material includes: 
 a particle containing a cathode material capable of absorbing and releasing lithium; and 
 a film that is disposed at least partially on the particle and contains a metal salt represented by a formula (2): 
 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         where R2 represents a chain saturated hydrocarbon group, a chain unsaturated hydrocarbon group or a ring saturated hydrocarbon group, where M2 represents lithium, and where a2, b2, c2, d2 and e2 each represent an integer of 1 or more. 
       
     
     
       10. The non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to  claim 9 , wherein the upper limit charge voltage is 4.25 V or more and 4.80 V or less and the lower limit charge voltage is 2.80 V or more and 3.00 V or less. 
     
     
       11. The cathode active material for non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 4, wherein the particle has a coating on a surface thereof. 
     
     
       12. The cathode active material for non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 11, wherein the particle is a lithium-containing composite oxide, and wherein the coating includes a compound containing an element different from a main transition metal of the lithium-containing composite oxide. 
     
     
       13. The cathode active material for non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 4, wherein the film further includes any one of an alkali metal salt and an alkaline earth metal salt different than the metal salt represented by the formula (2). 
     
     
       14. The cathode active material for non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 4, wherein any one of the alkali metal salt and the alkaline earth metal salt is selected from the group consisting of lithium carbonate (Li 2 CO 3 ), lithium fluoride (LiF), lithium tetraborate (Li 2 B 4 O 7 ), lithium metaborate (LiBO 2 ), lithium pyrophosphate (Li 4 P 2 O 7 ), lithium tripolyphosphate (Li 5 P 3 O 10 ), lithium orthosilicate (Li 4 SiO 4 ), lithium metasilicate (Li 2 SiO 3 ), dilithium ethanedisulfonate, dilithium propane disulfonate, dilithium sulfoacetate, dilithium sulfopropionate, dilithium sulfobutanate, dilithium sulfobenzoate, dilithium succinate, trilithium sulfosuccinate, dilithium squarate, magnesium ethanedisulfonate, magnesium propanedisulfonate, magnesium sulfoacetate, magnesium sulfopropionate, magnesium sulfobutanate, magnesium sulfobenzoate, magnesium succinate, trimagnesium disulfosuccinate, calcium ethanedisulfonate, calcium propanedisulfonate, calcium sulfoacetate, calcium sulfopropionate, calcium sulfobutanate, calcium sulfobenzoate, calcium succinate, tricalcium disulfosuccinate, and combinations thereof. 
     
     
       15. The non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 9, wherein the cathode is a band cathode, wherein the anode is a band anode, wherein the band cathode and the band anode are wound through the separator and configured to provide a wounded body that is contained in a battery container. 
     
     
       16. The non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 15, wherein a positive temperature coefficient device is positioned inside the battery container. 
     
     
       17. The non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 15, wherein the battery container is a film-type exterior member. 
     
     
       18. The non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 15, wherein a center pin is positioned in a center of the wounded body. 
     
     
       19. The non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 9, wherein the cathode includes a band cathode current collector, wherein a cathode active material layer includes the cathode active material, and wherein the cathode active material layer is disposed on each side of the band cathode current collector. 
     
     
       20. The non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 9, wherein the cathode includes a band cathode current collector, wherein a cathode active material layer includes the cathode active material, and wherein the band cathode current collector has a region where the cathode active material layer is positioned on one side of the band cathode current collector. 
     
     
       21. The non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 9, wherein the anode includes a band anode current collector, wherein an anode active material layer includes an anode active material, and wherein the anode active material layer is disposed on each side of the band anode current collector. 
     
     
       22. The non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 9, wherein the anode includes a band anode current collector, wherein an anode active material layer includes an anode active material, and wherein the band anode current collector has a region where the anode active material layer is positioned on one side of the band anode current collector. 
     
     
       23. The non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 9, wherein the anode includes an anode active material, and wherein the anode active material includes graphite. 
     
     
       24. The non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 9, wherein the anode includes an anode active material, and wherein the anode active material includes at least one of a silicon simple substance, a silicon compound, a silicon alloy, a tin simple substance, a tin compound, and a tin alloy. 
     
     
       25. The non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 9, wherein the anode includes an anode active material having an anode charge capacity that is greater than a cathode charge capacity of the cathode active material. 
     
     
       26. The non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 9, wherein the electrolyte includes an electrolyte solution. 
     
     
       27. The non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 26, wherein the electrolyte solution includes an electrolyte salt dissolved in an electrolyte solvent. 
     
     
       28. The non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 27, wherein the electrolyte solvent includes at least one of a high dielectric constant solvent and a low viscosity solvent. 
     
     
       29. The non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 27, wherein the electrolyte solvent is selected from the group consisting of lithium perchlorate (LiClO 4 ), lithium hexafluoroarsenate (LiAsF 6 ), lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF 6 ), lithium tetrafluoroborate (LiBF 4 ), LiB(C 6 H 5 ) 4 , CH 3 SO 3 Li, CF 3 SO 3 Li, LiCl, LiBr, and combinations thereof. 
     
     
       30. The non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 9, wherein an upper limit charge voltage is 4.25 V or more and 4.8 V or less.