Damper

Abstract

In a damper for spin-drying washing machines, it is provided, with a view to amplitude-dependent damping behaviour being obtained accompanied with manufacture at a low cost, that a frictional damping unit, which is disposed inside a casing, comprises an at least sectionally bare and elastic frictional damping lining for producing a given frictional damping effect, and at least one stop element which is stationary in relation to the casing and turned towards the at least one frictional damping lining, with the at least one stop element being designed for direct cooperation with the at least one frictional damping lining.

What is claimed is: 
     
       1. A damper ( 12 ;  12 a;  12 b;  12 c) for spin-drying washing machines comprising
 a tubular casing ( 13 ) which has a central longitudinal axis ( 14 ); 
 a tappet ( 15 ) which is guided for displacement in the casing ( 13 ) and projects from an end thereof; 
 fastening elements ( 16 ,  19 ) which are mounted on a free end of the casing ( 13 ) and of the tappet ( 15 ), respectively; and 
 a frictional damping unit ( 32 ;  32 a;  32 b;  32 c) which is disposed inside the casing ( 13 ), comprising
 at least one annular elastic frictional damping lining ( 36 ) which is displaceable in relation to the casing ( 13 ) and the tappet ( 15 ) along the central longitudinal axis ( 14 ); 
 at least one stop element ( 44 ,  45 ;  44 a,  45 a;  44 b,  45 b;  44 c,  45 c) which is stationary in relation to the casing ( 13 ) and faces toward the at least one frictional damping lining ( 36 ); 
 
 wherein the at least one stop element ( 44 ,  45 ;  44 a,  45 a;  44 b,  45 b;  44 c,  45 c) comprises several stop pins ( 46 ;  46 a;  46 b;  46 c) which extend along the central longitudinal axis ( 14 ); 
 wherein the frictional damping unit ( 32 ;  32 a;  32 b;  32 c) has a contact-pressure piston ( 33 ;  33 a;  33 b;  33 c) which accommodates the at least one frictional damping lining ( 36 ) and has several grooves ( 39 ;  39 a;  39 b;  39 c) which are parallel to the central longitudinal axis ( 14 ); 
 wherein at least one end of the frictional damping lining which is partially uncovered within the contact-pressure piston faces open ends of the grooves; and 
 wherein during motion damping of the at least one frictional damping lining the grooves move over the stop pins to cooperate with the partially uncovered end of the at least one frictional damping lining. 
 
     
     
       2. A damper according to  claim 1 , wherein the stop pins ( 46 ;  46 a;  46 b;  46 c) are regularly spaced along a circle around the central longitudinal axis ( 14 ). 
     
     
       3. A damper according to  claim 1 , wherein the stop pins ( 46 ,  46 a;  46 b;  46 c) at least partially have varying lengths. 
     
     
       4. A damper according to  claim 1 , wherein two stop pins ( 46 ;  46 a;  46 b;  46 c) at a time oppose one another diametrically. 
     
     
       5. A damper according to  claim 1 , wherein the two opposite stop pins ( 46 ;  46 a;  46 b;  46 c) have an identical length. 
     
     
       6. A damper according to  claim 1 , wherein the stop pins ( 46 ;  46 a;  46 b;  46 c) taper in a direction of the at least one frictional damping lining ( 36 ). 
     
     
       7. A damper according to  claim 1 , wherein a first stop element ( 44 ;  44 a;  44 b;  44 c), on the side of the casing ( 13 ;  13 a;  13 b;  13 c), is provided for defining, on the side of the casing ( 13 ;  13 a;  13 b;  13 c), the motion of the at least one frictional damping lining ( 36 ); and wherein a second stop element ( 45 ;  45 a;  45 b;  45 c), on the side of the tappet ( 15 ), is provided for defining, on the side of the tappet ( 15 ), the motion of the at least one frictional damping lining ( 36 ). 
     
     
       8. A damper according to  claim 1 , wherein the contact-pressure piston ( 33 ;  33 a;  33 b;  33 c) comprises several grooves ( 39 ;  39 a;  39 b;  39 c) which are parallel to the central longitudinal axis ( 14 ) and taper in the direction towards the frictional damping lining ( 36 ). 
     
     
       9. A damper for spin-drying washing machines comprising
 a tubular casing which has a central longitudinal axis;   a tappet which is guided for displacement in the casing and projects from an end thereof;   fastening elements which are mounted on a free end of the casing and of the tappet, respectively; and   a frictional damping unit which is disposed inside the casing, comprising
 at least one elastic frictional damping lining which is displaceable in relation to the casing and the tappet along the central longitudinal axis and has a bare end which lies bare at least sectionally in an axial direction, producing a given frictional damping effect, and 
 at least one stop element which is stationary in relation to the casing and turned towards the at least one frictional damping lining, defining the motion of the at least one frictional damping lining, with the at least one stop element being configured with several stop pins which extend along the central longitudinal axis such that, for motion damping, the stop pins directly cooperate with the bare end of the at least one frictional damping lining, and 
 wherein the frictional damping unit has a contact-pressure piston which accommodates the at least one frictional damping lining and which has several grooves which are parallel to the central longitudinal axis.  
   
     
     
       10. A damper according to claim 9, wherein the stop pins are regularly spaced along a circle around the central longitudinal axis.  
     
     
       11. A damper according to claim 9, wherein the stop pins at least partially have varying lengths.  
     
     
       12. A damper according to claim 9, wherein two stop pins at a time oppose one another diametrically.  
     
     
       13. A damper according to claim 12, wherein the two opposite stop pins have an identical length.  
     
     
       14. A damper according to claim 9, wherein the stop pins taper in a direction of the at least one frictional damping lining.  
     
     
       15. A damper according to claim 9, wherein a first stop element, on the side of the casing, is provided for defining, on the side of the casing, the motion of the at least one frictional damping lining; and wherein a second stop element, on the side of the tappet, is provided for defining, on the side of the tappet, the motion of the at least one frictional damping lining.  
     
     
       16. A damper according to claim 9, wherein the frictional damping unit comprises a contact-pressure piston which accommodates the at least one frictional damping lining.  
     
     
       17. A damper according to claim 16, wherein the contact-pressure piston comprises several grooves which are parallel to the central longitudinal axis and taper in the direction towards the frictional damping lining.  
     
     
       18. A damper according to claim 9, wherein at least a portion of the damping lining is bare to permit direct contact between the stop pins of the at least one stop element and an axial end of the damping lining.  
     
     
       19. A damper for spin-drying washing machines comprising
 a tubular casing, having a central longitudinal axis;   a tappet guided for displacement in the casing and projecting from an end thereof;   fastening elements mounted on a free end of the casing and of the tappet, respectively; and   a frictional damping unit disposed inside the casing, comprising:
 at least one elastic frictional damping lining disposed in direct contact with the tappet and displaceable in relation to the casing and the tappet along the central longitudinal axis and having at least one axial end comprising at least one bare portion, producing a given frictional damping effect, and 
 at least one stop element disposed so as to be stationary in relation to the casing and facing towards the at least one frictional damping lining, defining the motion of the at least one frictional damping lining, the at least one stop element being configured such that, for motion damping, the at least one stop element comes into direct contact with the at least one bare portion of the at least one axial end of the at least one frictional damping lining, the at least one stop element comprising several stop pins extending parallel to the central longitudinal axis in flush contact with the tappet to guide movement of the tappet, and 
 wherein the frictional damping unit has a contact-pressure piston which accommodates the at least one frictional damping lining and which has several grooves which are parallel to the central longitudinal axis.  
   
     
     
       20. A damper for spin-drying washing machines comprising
 a tubular casing which has a central longitudinal axis;   a tappet which is guided for displacement in the casing and projects from an end thereof;   fastening elements which are mounted on a free end of the casing and of the tappet, respectively; and   a frictional damping unit which is disposed inside the casing, comprising
 at least one elastic frictional damping lining which is displaceable in relation to the casing and the tappet along the central longitudinal axis, and 
 at least one stop element which is stationary in relation to the casing and turned towards the at least one frictional damping lining, defining the motion of the at least one frictional damping lining, with the at least one stop element being configured such that for motion damping it directly cooperates with the at least one frictional damping lining, 
 wherein the frictional damping lining is configured such that it simultaneously acts as a stop buffer, and 
 wherein the frictional damping unit has a contact-pressure piston which accommodates the at least one frictional damping lining and which has several grooves which are parallel to the central longitudinal axis.