Apparatuses and methods for negative pressure wound therapy

Abstract

Disclosed herein are several embodiments of a negative pressure appliance and methods of using the same in the treatment of wounds. Some embodiments are directed to improved fluidic connectors or suction adapters for connecting to a wound site, for example using softer, kink-free conformable suction adapters.

What is claimed is: 
     
       1. An apparatus to provide suction to a wound site through a drape covering the wound site, the apparatus comprising:
 an applicator configured to be positioned over an opening in the drape, the applicator comprising:
 a flexible layer having an upper surface and a lower surface; 
 an adhesive provided on the lower surface of the flexible layer configured to seal the applicator to the drape; and 
 a removable protective release layer provided over the adhesive on the lower surface of the flexible layer; and 
   a bridge comprising:
 a proximal end provided with a connector configured to provide fluid communication with a source of negative pressure, 
 an enlarged distal end having at least one aperture therethrough, the enlarged distal end of the bridge coupled to the applicator, 
 an upper wall and a lower wall extending between the proximal end and the enlarged distal end, and 
 at least a first channel and a second channel positioned between the upper wall and the lower wall such that at least one of the first channel and second channel is configured to provide fluid communication between the at least one aperture and the connector; 
   wherein the flexible layer of the applicator is coupled using an adhesive to the enlarged distal end of the bridge.   
     
     
       2. The apparatus of  claim 1 , wherein the flexible layer comprises polyethylene or polyurethane. 
     
     
       3. The apparatus of  claim 1 , wherein the at least one aperture of the enlarged distal end of the bridge portion is configured to be positioned over the wound site to fluidically connect the wound site to the source of negative pressure. 
     
     
       4. The apparatus of  claim 1 , wherein the applicator is enlarged relative to the enlarged distal end of the bridge. 
     
     
       5. The apparatus of  claim 1 , wherein the applicator is substantially square. 
     
     
       6. The apparatus of  claim 1 , wherein the flexible layer, removable protective release layer, and removable backing layer are shaped with substantially the same perimeter, each having two sets of substantially parallel sides. 
     
     
       7. The apparatus of  claim 1 , further comprising an intermediate wall, wherein the intermediate wall of the bridge defines one side of the first channel and also defines one side of the second channel. 
     
     
       8. The apparatus of  claim 1 , wherein the enlarged distal end of the bridge comprises a first aperture and a second aperture, the first aperture corresponding to at least the first channel and the second aperture corresponding to at least the second channel. 
     
     
       9. The apparatus of  claim 1 , wherein the first channel and second channel are formed as side by side conduits. 
     
     
       10. The apparatus of  claim 1 , wherein the removable protective release layer covers a perimeter of the flexible layer. 
     
     
       11. The apparatus of  claim 1 , the applicator further comprising a removable backing layer provided on the upper surface of the flexible layer to facilitate handling of the applicator due to flexibility of the flexible layer, wherein the removable backing layer is positioned beneath the bridge. 
     
     
       12. The apparatus of  claim 11 , wherein the removable backing layer covers a perimeter of the flexible layer. 
     
     
       13. The apparatus of  claim 11 , wherein the removable protective release layer covers a first area around a perimeter of the flexible layer and the removable backing layer covers a second area around the perimeter of the flexible layer, wherein the first area is greater than the second area. 
     
     
       14. The apparatus of  claim 1 , wherein a width of the bridge is greater than a height of the bridge. 
     
     
       15. The apparatus of  claim 1 , wherein the bridge is comprised of flexible materials. 
     
     
       16. The apparatus of  claim 1 , further comprising an aperture in the applicator configured to be positioned under the at least one aperture in the enlarged distal end of the bridge. 
     
     
       17. The apparatus of  claim 1 , wherein the bridge is more rigid than the applicator. 
     
     
       18. The apparatus of  claim 1 , wherein the first channel overlies the second channel. 
     
     
       19. The apparatus of  claim 1 , wherein at least the second channel comprises a 3D knitted or 3D fabric material. 
     
     
       20. The apparatus of  claim 19 , wherein the 3D knitted or 3D fabric material at the enlarged distal end of the bridge has a generally circular shape. 
     
     
       21. A negative pressure wound treatment system, comprising:
 a suction adapter comprising the apparatus of  claim 1 ; and   a flexible drape configured to be positioned over a wound and sealed to skin surrounding the wound;   wherein the suction adapter is configured to attach to the drape and surround at least one aperture formed in the drape.   
     
     
       22. The system of  claim 21 , further comprising a vacuum pump connected by at least one conduit to the suction adapter. 
     
     
       23. A method of applying a suction adapter comprising the apparatus of  claim 1  to a wound site, the method comprising:
 positioning a drape over the wound site; 
 removing the removable protective release layer from the applicator to expose the adhesive; 
 positioning the applicator over an aperture in the drape; and 
 sealing the applicator to the drape via the adhesive. 
 
     
     
       24. The method of  claim 23 , further comprising connecting a fluidic conduit to the proximal end of the bridge. 
     
     
       25. The method of  claim 23 , further comprising applying negative pressure to the wound site through the suction adapter. 
     
     
       26. An apparatus to provide suction to a wound site through drape covering the wound site, the apparatus comprising:
 a bridge comprising:
 a proximal end provided with a connector configured to provide fluid communication with a source of negative pressure, 
 an enlarged distal end having at least one aperture therethrough, 
 an upper wall and a lower wall extending between the proximal end and the enlarged distal end, and 
 at least a first channel and a second channel positioned between the upper wall and the lower wall such that at least one of the first channel and second channel is configured to provide fluid communication between the at least one aperture and the connector; and 
   an applicator configured to be positioned over an opening in the drape comprising a flexible layer having an area that is larger than an area of the enlarged distal end of the bridge;   wherein the flexible layer of the applicator is coupled using an adhesive to the enlarged distal end of the bridge.   
     
     
       27. The apparatus of  claim 26 , wherein the flexible layer has at least one aperture therethrough. 
     
     
       28. The apparatus of  claim 27 , wherein the at least one aperture in the enlarged distal end of the bridge is configured, in use, to provide suction to the wound site through the at least one aperture in the applicator. 
     
     
       29. The apparatus of  claim 26 , further comprising an adhesive provided on a lower surface of the flexible layer configured to seal the applicator to the drape. 
     
     
       30. The apparatus of  claim 29 , further comprising a removable protective release layer provided over the adhesive on the lower surface of the flexible layer. 
     
     
       31. The apparatus of  claim 26 , wherein at least one of the first channel and the second channel is configured to provide suction to the wound site. 
     
     
       32. The apparatus of  claim 26 , wherein the first channel is configured to provide suction to the wound site and the second channel is configured to provide vented air to the wound site. 
     
     
       33. The apparatus of  claim 26 , wherein the first channel and the second channel are formed as side by side conduits. 
     
     
       34. An apparatus to provide suction to a wound site through a drape covering the wound site, the apparatus comprising:
 a suction adapter configured to be sealed to the drape covering a wound site, the suction adapter comprising:
 an applicator configured to be positioned over an opening in the drape, the applicator comprising at least one aperture, the applicator further comprising:
 a flexible layer having an upper surface and a lower surface; 
 a first adhesive provided on the lower surface of the flexible layer configured to seal the applicator to the drape; and 
 
 a bridge portion comprising:
 a proximal end provided with a connector configured to provide fluid communication with a source of negative pressure; 
 a distal end positioned over the at least one aperture in the applicator; and 
 a first channel and a second channel extending parallel to an upper surface of the applicator, wherein at least one of the first channel and second channel is configured to provide suction to the wound site through the aperture in the applicator from the source of negative pressure; 
 
 a visualization window provided in an upper surface of the bridge portion over the at least one aperture in the applicator that provides visualization from outside of the suction adapter, through the visualization window and through the aperture in the applicator; and 
 a straight wall between at least a portion of the first channel and a portion of the second channel, wherein the straight wall comprises a flat surface and extends distally within the bridge portion past the aperture;
 wherein the flexible layer of the applicator is coupled using a second adhesive to the distal end of the bridge portion. 
 
   
     
     
       35. The apparatus of claim 34, wherein the visualization window comprises an at least partially transparent material. 
     
     
       36. The apparatus of claim 34, wherein the visualization window is configured to permit visualization of the wound site prior to sealing the suction adapter to the wound cover. 
     
     
       37. The apparatus of claim 34, wherein the visualization window is configured to permit monitoring of the wound site while the apparatus is providing suction to the wound site. 
     
     
       38. The apparatus of claim 34, wherein the visualization window comprises polyurethane. 
     
     
       39. The apparatus of claim 34, wherein the visualization window is positioned at a distal end of the bridge portion. 
     
     
       40. The apparatus of claim 34, further comprising a straight wall between at least a portion of the first channel and a portion of the second channel, wherein the straight wall comprises a flat surface. 
     
     
       41. The apparatus of claim 34, wherein the first channel is configured to provide suction to the wound site and the second channel is configured to provide vented air to the wound site. 
     
     
       42. The apparatus of claim 41, wherein the bridge portion further comprises an air leak configured to vent air to the second channel. 
     
     
       43. The apparatus of claim 34, wherein the first channel and the second channel are formed as side by side conduits. 
     
     
       44. The apparatus of claim 34, wherein the applicator has an area that is larger than an area of the distal end of the bridge. 
     
     
       45. The apparatus of claim 34, wherein the applicator further comprises an adhesive provided on a lower surface of the applicator, and wherein the adhesive is configured to seal the applicator to the drape. 
     
     
       46. The apparatus of claim 34, further comprising a wound cover for covering the wound site. 
     
     
       47. The apparatus of claim 46, wherein the wound cover comprises a drape. 
     
     
       48. The apparatus of claim 34, wherein the applicator comprises a substantially planar surface. 
     
     
       49. The apparatus of claim 34, wherein the bridge portion includes no more than two channels. 
     
     
       50. An apparatus to provide suction to a wound site through a drape covering the wound site, the apparatus comprising:
 a suction adapter configured to be sealed to the drape covering a wound site, the suction adapter comprising:
 an applicator configured to be positioned over an opening in the drape, the applicator comprising:
 at least one aperture; 
 a flexible layer having an upper surface and a lower surface; and 
 a first adhesive provided on the lower surface of the flexible layer configured to seal the applicator to the drape; 
 
 a bridge portion comprising:
 a proximal end provided with a connector configured to provide fluid communication with a source of negative pressure; 
 a distal end positioned over the at least one aperture in the applicator; and 
 a first channel and a second channel extending parallel to an upper surface of the applicator, wherein the first channel is configured to provide suction to the wound site through the aperture in the applicator from the source of negative pressure and the second channel is configured to provide vented air to the wound site through the aperture in the applicator from an air leak; 
 
 a visualization window provided in an upper surface of the bridge portion over the at least one aperture in the applicator that provides visualization from outside of the suction adapter, through the visualization window and through the aperture in the applicator; and 
 a straight wall having a flat surface, the straight wall extending below the visualization window, distally within the bridge portion past the aperture, wherein the straight wall at least partially partitions the first channel from the second channel; 
 wherein the flexible layer of the applicator is coupled using a second adhesive to the distal end of the bridge portion. 
   
     
     
       51. A method of treating a wound, the method comprising:
 providing a suction adapter comprising:
 an applicator configured to be positioned over an opening in the drape comprising:
 at least one aperture; 
 a flexible layer having an upper surface and a lower surface; 
 a first adhesive provided on the lower surface of the flexible layer configured to seal the applicator to the drape; and 
 
 a bridge portion comprising:
 a proximal end provided with a connector configured to provide fluid communication with a source of negative pressure; 
 a distal end positioned over the at least one aperture in the applicator; and 
 a first channel and a second channel extending parallel to an upper surface of the applicator, wherein at least one of the first channel and second channel is configured to provide suction to the wound site through the aperture in the applicator from the source of negative pressure; 
 
 a visualization window provided in an upper surface of the bridge portion over the at least one aperture in the applicator that provides visualization from outside of the suction adapter, through the visualization window and through the aperture in the applicator; and 
 a straight wall between at least a portion of the first channel and a portion of the second channel, wherein the straight wall comprises a flat surface and extends distally within the bridge portion past the aperture; 
 wherein the flexible layer of the applicator is coupled using a second adhesive to the distal end of the bridge portion; 
   situating the at least one aperture of the applicator of the suction adapter over an opening in a drape covering the wound, using the viewing window as a positioning aid; and   sealing the suction adapter to the drape.