Electromagnetic machine with independent removable coils, modular parts and self-sustained passive magnetic bearing

Abstract

A rotating electromagnetic machine has a tubular axle with mounting rings, a common ring, a coil input ring, and at least one bearing set mounted on it. A fitting is secured at a distal end of the tubular axle, and a commutator is secured at the proximal end. A housing is mounted on the bearing sets through adaptors. Connecting bars extend axially within the axle with lateral rods joined to the connecting bars at their distal ends, the bars commuting between segments of the commutator electromagnetic coils. A plurality of the electromagnetic coils are secured to the coil input ring. The coils are formed of spiral turns of a single flat strip electrically conductive material. A plurality of peripheral and sector magnets are mounted adjacent to the electromagnetic coils with electromagnetic interaction when relative motion occurs between the coils and the magnets.

What is claimed is: 
     
       1. A rotating electromagnetic machine comprising:
 a tubular axle defining a distal and a proximal ends thereof, and mounted medially thereon, a pair of mounting rings, a common ring, a coil input ring, and at least one bearing set; a fitting is secured at the distal end of the tubular axle, and a commutator is secured at the proximal end of the tubular axle;   a housing mounted on the bearing sets through adaptors; the common ring constructed in two pieces and independently removable from axle,   connecting bars extending axially within axle; lateral rods joined to connecting bars at distal end thereof, the lateral rods commuting between bars and segments of commutator with distal ends joined with lateral plates;   a plurality of electromagnetic coils secured to the mounting rings, the coils formed of spiral turns of a single flat strip electrically conductive material; and   a plurality of peripheral and sector magnets mounted adjacent to the electromagnetic coils.   
     
     
       2. The rotating electromagnetic machine of  claim 1  assembled with a modular construction with coil housings of a ferromagnetic material separated into a plurality of magnetically isolated segments in mutual electrical continuity, whereby hysteresis is minimized. 
     
     
       3. The rotating electromagnetic machine of  claim 1  wherein each of the peripheral and sector magnets has edges cut in a shape that enables a continuous magnetic pole face and avoids an alternating magnetic end effect at opposing ends of the magnet, whereby, induced eddy currents of the ferromagnetic segments are returned to the electrical circuit thereof. 
     
     
       4. A rotating electromagnetic machine comprising:
 an axle;   a plurality of electromagnetic coils;   a set of magnets including a first sector magnet, a second sector magnet, and a peripheral magnet, the set of magnets defining a first wedge-shaped path between the peripheral magnet and the first sector magnet, and a second wedge-shaped path between the peripheral magnet and the second sector magnet; and   a plurality of coil housings coupled to the axle, each of the plurality of coil housings having a respective one of the plurality of electromagnetic coils positioned therein, each of the plurality of coil housings including a first wedge-shaped portion and a second wedge-shaped portion, the first wedge-shaped portion being configured to travel through the first wedge-shaped path as the electromagnetic machine rotates, the second wedge-shaped portion being configured to travel through the second wedge-shaped path as the electromagnetic machine rotates.   
     
     
       5. The rotating electromagnetic machine of claim 4, wherein the first wedge-shaped path is defined by the first sector magnet and a first angled surface of the peripheral magnet at a first end of the peripheral magnet, and wherein the second wedge-shaped path is defined by the second sector magnet and a second angled surface of the peripheral magnet at a second end of the peripheral magnet. 
     
     
       6. The rotating electromagnetic machine of claim 5, wherein the first angled surface and the second angled surface of the peripheral magnet are each positioned at an angle of about 45 degrees. 
     
     
       7. The rotating electromagnetic machine of claim 5, wherein the peripheral magnet includes a front surface facing toward at least one of the plurality of electromagnetic coils, a first end surface facing parallel to and opposed to a front surface of the first sector magnet, and a second end surface facing parallel to and opposed to a front surface of the second sector magnet. 
     
     
       8. The rotating electromagnetic machine of claim 7, wherein the first angled surface of the peripheral magnet is positioned at an angle relative to the front surface and the first end surface of the peripheral magnet, and wherein the second angled surface of the peripheral magnet is positioned at an angle relative to the front surface and the second end surface of the peripheral magnet. 
     
     
       9. The rotating electromagnetic machine of claim 4, wherein the peripheral magnet is positioned orthogonal to both the first sector magnet and the second sector magnet. 
     
     
       10. The rotating electromagnetic machine of claim 4, wherein the first sector magnet and the second sector magnet are disposed in mutually opposing and facing positions. 
     
     
       11. The rotating electromagnetic machine of claim 4, wherein at least one of the plurality of coil housings is disposed between one of the plurality of electromagnetic coils and the set of magnets. 
     
     
       12. The rotating machine of claim 4, wherein each of the plurality of electromagnetic coils has a respective winding axis that is perpendicular to the axle. 
     
     
       13. The rotating machine of claim 4, further comprising:
 at least one bearing set rotationally disposed about the axle, and;   a magnet housing having each of the plurality of magnet sets mounted therein, the magnet housing coupled to the at least one bearing set to allow relative rotation between the magnet housing and the axle.   
     
     
       14. The rotating machine of claim 13, wherein either the magnet housing or the axle acts as a stator of the rotating electromagnetic machine. 
     
     
       15. The rotating machine of claim 4, wherein the first sector magnet, the second sector magnet, and the peripheral magnet are permanent magnets.