Bidirectional mechanical converting unit

Abstract

The present invention discloses a A bidirectional mechanical converting unit, comprising includes: a main shaft; a driving mechanism, which including a driving means assembly and a reversing means assembly which are coupled to each other; and a rotation means assembly for inputting torque, an rotation axis of the rotation means assembly being coaxial with the main shaft, the rotation means assembly and the driving mechanism being coupled to each other, and the driving mechanism delivering the torque to output at the main shaft at a predetermined direction, no matter in which direction the rotation means assembly rotates; wherein the predetermined direction can be switched via the reversing means assembly. The present invention is simple structured, not only can efficiently utilizes the movements of the rotation means in either way, but also can switch the rotation direction of the output shaft conveniently upon demand, with easy operations.

The invention claimed is: 
     
       1. A bidirectional mechanical converting unit comprising:
 a main shaft;   a driving mechanism, which includes a driving assembly and a reversing assembly which are coupled to each other; and   a rotation assembly for inputting torque, an rotation axis of the rotation assembly being coaxial with the main shaft, the rotation assembly and the driving mechanism being coupled to each other, and the driving mechanism delivering the torque to output at the main shaft in a predetermined direction;   the predetermined direction can be switched via the reversing assembly;   wherein the driving assembly is sleeved on the reversing means;   the driving assembly includes two driving elements mounted on the main shaft, each having a one-way clutch interposed between it and the main shaft, and a transmission structure coupling the two driving elements and forcing them to rotate in opposite directions; wherein   the two driving elements are spaced apart axially;   the reversing assembly includes the one-way clutches;   both of the one-way clutches are functionally oriented in a same direction, so that the main shaft is entrained with one of the two driving elements which is rotating in the direction, and the main shaft is overrun by the other driving element which is rotating in the opposite direction.   
     
     
       2. A bidirectional mechanical converting unit according to  claim 1 , wherein
 the two driving elements are a capstan gear and a follower gear respectively;   the transmission structure includes at least one idle gear axle perpendicular to the main shaft, at least one idle gear is disposed on the idle gear axle and engaged with the capstan gear and the follower gear together, so that the capstan gear and the follower gear rotate in opposite directions;   and the capstan gear is fixedly coupled with the rotation assembly.   
     
     
       3. A bidirectional mechanical converting unit according to  claim 2 , wherein the capstan gear, the follower gear and the idle gear are bevel gears. 
     
     
       4. A bidirectional mechanical converting unit according to  claim 3 , wherein the transmission structure includes two idle gear axles perpendicular to the main shaft; two idle gears are disposed on the idle gear axles and engaged with the capstan gear and the follower gear together, so that the capstan gear and the follower gear rotate in opposite directions. 
     
     
       5. A bidirectional mechanical converting unit according to  claim 3 , wherein the main shaft has at least one profiled surface, through which the reversing assembly engages with the main shaft. 
     
     
       6. A bidirectional mechanical converting unit according to  claim 5 , wherein the main shaft has a plurality of profiled surfaces. 
     
     
       7. A bidirectional mechanical converting unit according to  claim 6 , wherein the main shaft has three profiled surfaces. 
     
     
       8. A bidirectional mechanical convening unit according to  claim 5 , wherein the at least one profiled surface of the main shaft is configured into two segments, which are corresponding to the two driving elements, respectively. 
     
     
       9. A bidirectional mechanical converting unit according to  claim 5 , wherein
 the reversing assembly sleeved on the main shaft includes a reversing element and two sets of rolling elements; wherein   the reversing element is sleeved on the main shaft coaxially in clearance fitting, two sets of slots whose dimensions are slightly larger than those of the rolling elements are disposed on the reversing element for receiving the two sets of rolling elements respectively, positions of which are corresponding to positions of the two driving elements;   each one of the two driving elements has an inner circumference, through which the driving elements are sleeved on the reserving element coaxially in clearance fitting, respectively;   each set of the rolling elements includes at least one rolling element, which can roll on the profiled surface;   the rolling element can be pushed with the two sets of slots of the reversing element to engage with the profiled surface and the inner circumference together;   wherein the one-way clutch is formed through the rolling elements engaging with the profiled surface and the inner circumference together.   
     
     
       10. A bidirectional mechanical converting unit according to  claim 9 , wherein the inner circumferences are cylinder surfaces, the rolling elements are cylinder rolling needles, and the axes of the rolling needles are parallel to the axis of the main shaft. 
     
     
       11. A bidirectional mechanical converting unit according to  claim 9 , wherein the inner circumferences are frusto-conical surfaces, the rolling elements are conical rolling shafts, and the profiles of the rolling shafts are matched with gaps between the profiled surface and the inner circumferences. 
     
     
       12. A bidirectional mechanical converting unit according to  claim 9 , wherein the inner circumferences are cylinder surfaces or annular surfaces, and the rolling elements are rolling balls. 
     
     
       13. A bidirectional mechanical converting unit according to  claim 9 , wherein a radial gap is formed between the profiled surface and the inner circumference, wherein dimension of middle portion of the gap is larger than diameters of the rolling elements, and dimensions of both end portions of the radial gap are smaller than the diameters of the rolling elements. 
     
     
       14. A bidirectional mechanical converting unit according to  claim 13 , wherein the profiled surface is a cylindrical surface, an elliptic cylindrical surface, a paraboloid or a plane. 
     
     
       15. A bidirectional mechanical converting unit according to  claim 9 , wherein number of the rolling elements within one set of the two sets of the slots of the reversing element equals to number of the profiled surface. 
     
     
       16. A bidirectional mechanical converting unit according to  claim 15 , wherein number of the rolling elements within each set of the two sets of the slots of the reversing element equals to number of the profiled surface. 
     
     
       17. A bidirectional mechanical converting unit according to  claim 9 , wherein number of the rolling elements within one set of the two sets of the slots of the reversing element is larger than number of the profiled surface. 
     
     
       18. A bidirectional mechanical converting unit according to  claim 9 , wherein number of the rolling elements within one set of the two sets of the slots of the reversing element is smaller than number of the profiled surface. 
     
     
       19. A bidirectional mechanical converting unit according to  claim 9 , wherein the reversing element can be switched between two predetermined positions around circumference of the main shaft, to set rotation direction of the main shaft through changing position relationship between the profiled surface and the rolling elements. 
     
     
       20. A bidirectional mechanical converting unit according to  claim 3 , wherein
 two pawl seats are disposed on the main shaft in positions corresponding to the two driving elements; a pair of opposite swinging pawls is disposed on each of the pawl seats symmetrically;   the two driving elements are provided at least partially annularly with a toothed inner circumference which can engage with at least one of the pawls;   the reversing assembly is sleeved on the main shaft, and positioning of the pawls can be controlled, to set rotation direction of the main shaft through changing the positioning of the pawls.   
     
     
       21. A bidirectional mechanical converting unit according to  claim 20 , wherein
 the reversing assembly includes a reversing element sleeved on the main shaft coaxially in clearance fitting;   the reversing element have openings through which the pawls can engage with the toothed inner circumference;   at least one end of the openings around circumference of the main shaft is used for pushing the pawls, to control the positioning of the pawls;   wherein the one-way clutch is formed through the pawls engaging with the toothed inner circumference.   
     
     
       22. A bidirectional mechanical converting unit according to  claim 21 , wherein the reversing element can be switched between two predetermined positions around circumference of the main shaft, to set rotation direction of the main shaft through changing the positioning of the pawls. 
     
     
       23. A bidirectional mechanical converting unit according to  claim 20 , wherein an elastic element is disposed between each pair of the pawls to keep the pawls diverging against the toothed inner circumference. 
     
     
       24. A bidirectional mechanical converting unit according to  claim 20 , wherein the toothed inner circumference is an inner ratchet circumference. 
     
     
       25. A bidirectional mechanical converting unit according to  claim 3 , wherein
 two sets of slots are disposed at positions on a circumference of the main shaft corresponding to positions of the two driving elements, each set of slots including two slots;   a detent urged outwards by an elastic element is disposed in each slot,   the two driving elements are provided with a toothed inner circumference distributed annularly which can engage with at least one of the detents;   the reversing assembly is sleeved on the main shaft, and positioning of the detents can be controlled, to set rotation direction of the main shaft through changing the positioning of the detents.   
     
     
       26. A bidirectional mechanical converting unit according to  claim 25 , wherein
 the reversing assembly includes a reversing element sleeved on the main shaft coaxially in clearance fitting;   the reversing element have openings through which the detents can engage with the toothed inner circumference;   at least one end of the openings around circumference of the main shaft is used for pushing the detents, to control the positioning of the detents;   wherein the one-way clutch is formed through the detents engaging with the toothed inner circumference.   
     
     
       27. A bidirectional mechanical converting unit according to  claim 26 , wherein the reversing element can be switched between two predetermined positions around circumference of the main shaft, to set rotation direction of the main shaft through changing the positioning of the detents. 
     
     
       28. A bidirectional mechanical converting unit according to  claim 25 , wherein an outer end of the detent is flat. 
     
     
       29. A bidirectional mechanical converting unit according to  claim 25 , wherein an outer end of the detent includes an inclined surface matching with the toothed inner circumference. 
     
     
       30. A bidirectional mechanical converting unit according to  claim 1 , wherein the two driving elements are a first spur gear and a second spur gear; the transmission structure includes:
 a first axle and a second axle disposed parallel to and in a predetermined space-apart relationship with the main shaft;   a third spur gear and a fourth spur gear affixed on opposite ends of the first axle and the second axle respectively, so that the third spur gear intermeshes with the first spur gear and the fourth spur gear intermeshes with the second spur gear; and   a fifth spur gear affixed to center of the first axle and a sixth spur gear affixed to center of the second axle, wherein the fifth spur gear intermeshes with the sixth spur gear.   
     
     
       31. A bidirectional mechanical converting unit according to  claim 1 , wherein one of the driving elements is a first spur gear, the other of the driving elements is a first pulley; the transmission structure includes:
 an axle disposed parallel to and in a predetermined space-apart relationship with the main shaft;   a second spur gear and a second pulley affixed on opposite ends of the axle, the second spur gear intermeshes with the first spur gear on one side of the main shaft, and the second pulley is positioned for being driven by the first pulley via a belt;   a belt coupling the first pulley with the second pulley.   
     
     
       32. A bidirectional mechanical converting unit according to  claim 1 , wherein the two driving elements are a first pulley and a second pulley; the transmission structure includes:
 a first axle and a second axle which are disposed parallel to and in a predetermined space-apart relationship with the main shaft;   a third pulley and a fourth pulley affixed on opposite ends of the first axle and the second axle respectively, so that the third pulley is positioned for being driven by the first pulley via a first belt and the fourth pulley is positioned for being driven by the second pulley via a second belt; and   a first spur gear affixed to center of the first axle and a second spur gear affixed to center of the second axle, wherein the first spur gear intermeshes with the second spur gear.   
     
     
       33. A bidirectional mechanical converting unit according to  claim 1 , wherein the two driving elements are a first 3D pulley and a second 3D pulley; the transmission structure includes:
 an axle disposed in a plane perpendicular to and in a predetermined space-apart relationship to the main shaft;   a third 3D pulley and a fourth 3D pulley which are mounted on opposite ends of the axle; and   a 3D belt coupling the first, the second, the third and the fourth pulleys.   
     
     
       34. A bidirectional mechanical converting unit according to  claim 19 , wherein two orientation portions which correspond to the two positions of the reversing element are disposed on the reversing element, so as to set the rotation direction of the main shaft. 
     
     
       35. A bidirectional mechanical converting unit according to  claim 34 , wherein the two orientation portions on the reversing element includes two orientation slots for setting clockwise or counterclockwise rotation of the main shaft correspondingly, the main shaft includes an orientation ball supported by a spring which can be positioned in either of the two orientation slots, so as to set the main shaft to rotate in clockwise or counterclockwise direction. 
     
     
       36. A bidirectional mechanical converting unit according to  claim 34 , further comprising:
 a push button assembly disposed on the main shaft, wherein the push button assembly can slide along a direction parallel to the axis of the main shaft, but can not rotate relative to the main shaft around circumference of the main shaft;   a helical sliding slot disposed on the reversing element, wherein the push button assembly further slidably engages with the sliding slot, so as to convert a linear movement of the push button assembly along the direction parallel to the axis of the main shaft to a circular movement of the reversing element relative to the main shaft, so that the reversing element switches between the two positions to set the rotation direction of the main shaft.   
     
     
       37. A bidirectional mechanical converting unit according to  claim 36 , wherein further includes a head cap fixedly connected to the main shaft, a slideway parallel to the axis of the main shaft is disposed on the head cap; the push button assembly is slidably disposed on the slideway. 
     
     
       38. A bidirectional mechanical converting unit according to  claim 19 , wherein the transmission structure includes a transmission seat, on which the at least one idle gear axle is disposed perpendicularly to the main shaft, the transmission seat is sleeved on the reversing element coaxially in clearance fitting; and the transmission seat is fastened to a mounting assembly. 
     
     
       39. A bidirectional mechanical converting unit according to  claim 38 , wherein the mounting assembly is a holding ring. 
     
     
       40. A bidirectional mechanical converting unit according to  claim 38 , wherein the mounting assembly is a supporting frame. 
     
     
       41. A manual tool, comprising a bidirectional mechanical converting unit according to  claim 1 , wherein the rotation assembly is a handle, the main shaft rotates in a predetermined direction to output torque, and the predetermined direction can be reversed. 
     
     
       42. A manual tool according to  claim 41 , wherein a tool head is disposed on the main shaft to make the manual tool a screwdriver, a manual drill or a torque wrench. 
     
     
       43. A manual tool according to  claim 42 , wherein the tool head is a bit holder for mounting a variety of tool bits. 
     
     
       44. A manual tool, comprising a bidirectional mechanical converting unit according to  claim 36 , wherein the rotation assembly is a handle, the main shaft rotates in a predetermined direction to output torque, and the predetermined direction can be reversed, a tool head is disposed on the main shaft to make the manual tool a screwdriver, a manual drill or a torque wrench, and the tool head is a bit holder for mounting a variety of tool bits. 
     
     
       45. A manual tool, comprising a bidirectional mechanical converting unit according to  claim 39 , wherein the rotation assembly is a handle, the main shaft rotates in a predetermined direction to output torque, and the predetermined direction can be reversed, a tool head is disposed on the main shaft to make the manual tool a screwdriver, a manual drill or a torque wrench, and the tool head is a bit holder for mounting a variety of tool bits. 
     
     
       46. A bidirectional mechanical converting unit, comprising:
 a main shaft;   a driving means and a reversing means which are coupled to each other; and   a rotation means for inputting torque, a rotation axis of the rotation means being coaxial with the main shaft; the driving means comprises a capstan gear, a follower gear, an idle gear and a transmission seat provided with an idle gear axle; the idle gear being disposed on the idle gear axle and coupling both of the capstan gear and the follower gear to transmit, and forcing the capstan gear and the follower gear to rotate in opposite directions;   one of the capstan gear and the follower gear entrains the main shaft to rotate in a predetermined direction, wherein   the predetermined direction can be switched via the reversing means;   wherein the driving means is sleeved on the reversing means;   the reversing means includes two one-way clutches;   through the two one-way clutches, when the torque input by the rotation means for inputting torque being same with or opposite to the predetermined direction, the main shaft always rotates in the predetermined direction.   
     
     
       47. A bidirectional mechanical converting unit according to claim 46, wherein
 the reversing means includes a reversing element;   the reversing element has openings, a component of the one-way clutch is positioned in corresponding one of the openings.   
     
     
       48. A bidirectional mechanical converting unit according to claim 47, wherein the reversing element is configured to be coaxial with the main shaft. 
     
     
       49. A bidirectional mechanical converting unit according to claim 47, wherein the reversing means includes an orientation ball which can be positioned in any one of orientation slots disposed on the reversing element, so as to set the predetermined direction. 
     
     
       50. A bidirectional mechanical converting unit according to claim 46, wherein any one of the two one-way clutches is formed by an inner ratchet circumference and a pawl. 
     
     
       51. A bidirectional mechanical converting unit according to claim 50, wherein the inner ratchet circumference is disposed on the capstan gear and the follower gear. 
     
     
       52. A bidirectional mechanical converting unit according to claim 50, wherein the predetermined direction is set by changing an engagement status of the inner ratchet circumference and the pawl. 
     
     
       53. A bidirectional mechanical converting unit according to claim 52, wherein the reversing element can be switched between two predetermined positions around the circumference of the main shaft, to set the predetermined direction by changing an engagement status of the inner ratchet circumference and the pawl. 
     
     
       54. A screwdriver, comprising:
 a main shaft;   a handle, the handle is coaxial with the main shaft;   a driving means and a reversing means which are coupled to each other; and   the driving means comprises a capstan gear, a follower gear, an idle gear and a transmission seat provided with an idle gear axle; the idle gear being disposed on the idle gear axle and coupling both of the capstan gear and the follower gear to transmit, and forcing the capstan gear and the follower gear to rotate in opposite directions;   one of the capstan gear and the follower gear entrains the main shaft to rotate in a predetermined direction, wherein   the predetermined direction can be switched via the reversing means;   wherein the driving means is sleeved on the reversing means;   the reversing means includes two one-way clutches;   through the one-way clutches, when the torque input by the rotation means for inputting torque being same with or opposite to the predetermined direction, the main shaft always rotates in the predetermined direction.   
     
     
       55. A screwdriver according to claim 54, wherein the reversing means includes a reversing element;
 the reversing element has openings, a component of a one-way clutch is positioned in corresponding one of the openings.   
     
     
       56. A screwdriver according to claim 55, wherein the reversing element is configured to be coaxial with the main shaft. 
     
     
       57. A screwdriver according to claim 55, wherein the reversing means includes an orientation ball which can be positioned in any one of orientation slots disposed on the reversing element, so as to set the predetermined direction. 
     
     
       58. A screwdriver according to claim 54, wherein any one of the two one-way clutches is formed by an inner ratchet circumference and a pawl. 
     
     
       59. A screwdriver according to claim 58, wherein the inner ratchet circumference is disposed on the capstan gear and the follower gear. 
     
     
       60. A screwdriver according to claim 58, wherein the predetermined direction is set by changing an engagement status of the inner ratchet circumference and the pawl. 
     
     
       61. A screwdriver according to claim 60, wherein the reversing element can be switched between two predetermined positions around the circumference of the main shaft, to set the predetermined direction by changing engagement status of the inner ratchet circumference and the pawl.