Prosthetic device and system and method for implanting prosthetic device

Abstract

A method of implanting a prosthetic device configured to form at least a portion of a joint is provided. The method includes selecting a first component of the prosthetic device configured to be implanted in a body, determining a placement at which the first component will be fixed relative to a bone of the body, selecting a second component of the prosthetic device configured to be implanted in the body, and determining a placement at which the second component will be fixed relative to the bone. The determination of the placement of the second component is not constrained by a connection to the first component.

1 . A method of implanting a prosthetic device configured to form at least a portion of a joint, comprising the steps of: 
 selecting a first component of the prosthetic device configured to be implanted in a body;    determining a placement at which the first component will be fixed relative to a bone of the body;    selecting a second component of the prosthetic device configured to be implanted in the body; and    determining a placement at which the second component will be fixed relative to the bone,    wherein the determination of the placement of the second component is not constrained by a connection to the first component.    
     
     
         2 . The method of  claim 1 , further comprising the step of: 
 varying at least one of a geometry, a conformity, and a configuration of the prosthetic device by varying at least one of the selection of the first component, the selection of the second component, the placement of the first component, and the placement of the second component.    
     
     
         3 . The method of  claim 1 , further comprising the step of: 
 placing the first and second components relative to the bone, wherein an alignment of the second component is not determinative of an alignment of the first component.    
     
     
         4 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein degrees of freedom of the second component are not determinative of degrees of freedom of the first component.  
     
     
         5 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the selection of the first component is not determinative of the selection of the second component.  
     
     
         6 . The method of  claim 1 , further comprising the step of: 
 implanting the first and second components so that the first and second components are not connected.    
     
     
         7 . The method of  claim 1 , further comprising the step of: 
 implanting the first and second components so that the first and second components are not in contact.    
     
     
         8 . The method of  claim 1 , further comprising the step of: 
 affixing the first component and the second component only to an anatomy of a patient.    
     
     
         9 . The method of  claim 1 , further comprising the step of: 
 affixing each of the first component and the second component to the bone.    
     
     
         10 . The method of  claim 9 , wherein 
 each of the first component and the second component is affixed to the bone with at least one of a press fit, a fastener, an intramedullary rod, a cement, an adhesive, and biological in-growth.    
     
     
         11 . The method of  claim 1 , further comprising the step of: 
 selecting a third component of the prosthetic device configured to be implanted in the body; and    determining a placement at which the third component will be fixed relative to the bone,    wherein the determination of the placement of the third component is not constrained by a connection to the first component and the second component.    
     
     
         12 . The method of  claim 11 , wherein the selection of the first component and the selection of the second component are not determinative of the selection of the third component.  
     
     
         13 . The method of  claim 1 , further comprising the step of: 
 preparing the bone to receive at least one of the first component and the second component, wherein the step of preparing the bone includes sculpting the bone with a robotic surgical system.    
     
     
         14 . The method of  claim 13 , wherein the step of preparing the bone includes constraining at least a portion of the surgical robotic system against penetrating a virtual boundary.  
     
     
         15 . The method of  claim 1 , further comprising the step of: 
 planning the placement of at least one of the first component and the second component with a computer aided surgery system.    
     
     
         16 . A prosthetic device configured to form at least a portion of a joint, comprising: 
 a plurality of components configured to be implanted in a body,    wherein each of the plurality of components is configured to be fixed relative to a bone of the body and each of the plurality of components is configured such that a placement at which the component will be fixed relative to the bone is not constrained by a connection to another of the components.    
     
     
         17 . The prosthetic device of  claim 16 , wherein at least one of the plurality of components is configured to be fixed relative to at least one robotically prepared surface on the corresponding bone.  
     
     
         18 . The prosthetic device of  claim 16 , wherein at least one of the plurality of components is configured so that the placement at which the component will be fixed relative to the bone can be planned using a computer aided surgery system.  
     
     
         19 . The prosthetic device of  claim 16 , wherein the plurality of components includes a first component and a second component configured such that at least one of a geometry, a conformity, and a configuration of the prosthetic device can be varied during implantation of the components by varying at least one of the placement of the first component, the placement of the second component, a selection of the first component, and a selection of the second component.  
     
     
         20 . The prosthetic device of  claim 16 , wherein the plurality of components includes a first component and a second component configured such that an alignment of the first component is not determinative of an alignment of the second component during implantation.  
     
     
         21 . The prosthetic device of  claim 16 , wherein each of the plurality of components is configured to be positioned relative to the bone such that alignment of the component is not determinative of an alignment of another of the components.  
     
     
         22 . The prosthetic device of  claim 16 , wherein the components are configured such that the components can be implanted to form the prosthetic device without being connected.  
     
     
         23 . The prosthetic device of  claim 16 , wherein the components are configured such that the components can be implanted to form the prosthetic device without being in contact.  
     
     
         24 . The prosthetic device of  claim 16 , wherein each of the plurality of components is configured to be affixed only to an anatomy of a patient.  
     
     
         25 . The prosthetic device of  claim 16 , wherein each of the plurality of components lacks a feature for joining the component to another component.  
     
     
         26 . The prosthetic device of  claim 16 , wherein the plurality of components includes a first component configured for implantation on a first compartment of a knee joint, a second component configured for implantation on a second compartment of the knee joint, and a third component configured for implantation on a third compartment of the knee joint.  
     
     
         27 . The prosthetic device of  claim 16 , wherein the plurality of components includes a first component configured to be implanted on a central region of a femur and a second component configured to be implanted on at least one of a lateral region of the femur and a medial region of the femur.  
     
     
         28 . The prosthetic device of  claim 27 , wherein the first component comprises first and second parts configured such that a placement at which one of the first and second parts will be fixed relative to the central region of the femur is not constrained by a connection to the other of the first and second parts.  
     
     
         29 . The prosthetic device of  claim 28 , wherein the first and second parts do not include a feature for joining the first and second parts.  
     
     
         30 . The prosthetic device of  claim 27 , wherein the first component includes a feature for constraining a portion of a tibial component.  
     
     
         31 . The prosthetic device of  claim 30 , wherein the feature includes a stop member.  
     
     
         32 . The prosthetic device of  claim 31 , wherein the stop member includes at least one surface of a recess.  
     
     
         33 . The prosthetic device of  claim 27 , wherein the plurality of components includes a third component configured to be implanted on at least one of the lateral region of the femur and the medial region of the femur.  
     
     
         34 . The prosthetic device of  claim 27 , wherein the first component is configured to be affixed only to an anatomy of a patient.  
     
     
         35 . The prosthetic device of  claim 27 , wherein at least a portion of the first component is configured to be affixed to the central region of the femur with at least one of a press fit, a fastener, an intramedullary rod, a cement, an adhesive, and biological in-growth.  
     
     
         36 . The prosthetic device of  claim 16 , wherein the plurality of components includes a first component configured to be implanted on a central region of a tibia and a second component configured to be implanted on at least one of a lateral region of the tibia and a medial region of the tibia.  
     
     
         37 . The prosthetic device of  claim 36 , wherein the first and second components do not include a feature for joining the first and second components.  
     
     
         38 . The prosthetic device of  claim 36 , wherein the first component includes a feature configured to constrain movement of the first component relative to at least a portion of a femoral component.  
     
     
         39 . The prosthetic device of  claim 38 , wherein the feature includes a projection configured to contact a stop member disposed on the femoral component.  
     
     
         40 . The prosthetic device of  claim 39 , wherein the projection is configured so that at least one of an anterior, a posterior, a medial, or a lateral region of the projection contacts the stop member.  
     
     
         41 . The prosthetic device of  claim 36 , wherein the plurality of components includes a third component configured to be implanted on at least one of the lateral region of the tibia and the medial region of the tibia.  
     
     
         42 . The prosthetic device of  claim 36 , wherein the first component is configured to be affixed only to an anatomy of a patient.  
     
     
         43 . The prosthetic device of  claim 36 , wherein at least a portion of the first component is configured to be press fit onto the central region of the tibia.  
     
     
         44 . The prosthetic device of  claim 36 , wherein at least a portion of the first component includes a projection configured to be inserted into an intramedullary canal of the tibia.  
     
     
         45 . A prosthetic device comprising: 
 a plurality of segmented components configured to form at least a portion of a joint,    wherein each of the plurality of segmented components is configured such that a placement of one of the segmented components in the joint is not constrained by a connection to another of the segmented components.    
     
     
         46 . The prosthetic device of  claim 45 , wherein at least one of the plurality of segmented components is configured to be fixed relative to a corresponding bone of the joint that includes at least one robotically prepared surface.  
     
     
         47 . The prosthetic device of  claim 45 , wherein at least one of the plurality of segmented components is configured such that the placement of the segmented component in the joint can be planned using a computer aided surgery system.  
     
     
         48 . The prosthetic device of  claim 45 , wherein the plurality of segmented components includes at least three segmented components each configured to be fixed relative to a corresponding bone of the joint.  
     
     
         49 . The prosthetic device of  claim 45 , wherein the plurality of segmented components includes a first segmented component and a second segmented component configured such that at least one of a geometry, a conformity, and a configuration of the prosthetic device can be varied during implantation of the segmented components by varying at least one of a placement of the first component, a placement of the second component, a selection of the first component, and a selection of the second component.  
     
     
         50 . The prosthetic device of  claim 45 , wherein the plurality of segmented components includes a first segmented component configured to be fixed relative to a central portion of a bone of the joint and a second segmented component configured to be fixed relative to at least one of a medial portion and a lateral portion of the bone of the joint.  
     
     
         51 . The prosthetic device of  claim 45 , wherein the plurality of segmented components includes a first segmented component including a first contour and a second segmented component including a second contour.  
     
     
         52 . The prosthetic device of  claim 51 , wherein the first contour and the second contour are asymmetric.  
     
     
         53 . The prosthetic device of  claim 51 , wherein one of the first and second segmented components comprises a medial tibial component and the other of the first and second segmented components comprises a lateral tibial component.  
     
     
         54 . The prosthetic device of  claim 51 , wherein the first and second contours are sagittal contours or coronal contours.  
     
     
         55 . The prosthetic device of  claim 51 , wherein the second contour is substantially less concave than the first contour.  
     
     
         56 . The prosthetic device of  claim 51 , wherein the first contour includes a portion including a radius of between about 20 to about 75 mm concave, and the second contour includes a portion including a radius of between about 76 to about 200 mm concave.  
     
     
         57 . The prosthetic device of  claim 51 , wherein the first contour includes a portion including a radius of between about 20 to about 75 mm concave, and the second contour includes a portion including a radius greater than the radius of the first contour.  
     
     
         58 . The prosthetic device of  claim 51 , wherein the first contour includes a portion including a radius of between about 20 to about 75 mm concave, and the second contour includes a portion including a radius of between about 76 mm concave to about 200 mm convex.  
     
     
         59 . The prosthetic device of  claim 51 , wherein the first contour includes a concave portion and the second contour includes a flat portion.  
     
     
         60 . The prosthetic device of  claim 51 , wherein the first contour includes a portion including a radius of between about 20 to about 75 mm concave, and the second contour includes a flat portion.  
     
     
         61 . The prosthetic device of  claim 51 , wherein the first contour includes a first lowpoint and the second contour includes a second lowpoint.  
     
     
         62 . The prosthetic device of  claim 61 , wherein the first and second segmented components are configured to be fixed relative to a bone of the joint such that the first lowpoint and the second lowpoint are located in substantially different anterior-posterior locations.  
     
     
         63 . The prosthetic device of  claim 61 , wherein the first segmented component is configured to be fixed relative to a bone of the joint such that the first lowpoint is substantially located in an anterior-posterior midplane.  
     
     
         64 . The prosthetic device of  claim 61 , wherein the first segmented component is configured to be fixed relative to a bone of the joint such that the first lowpoint is located at a position substantially in an anterior-posterior midplane to 10 mm posterior to the anterior-posterior midplane.