US7653177B2ActiveUtilityPatentIndex 92
Measurement system and method for the noninvasive determination of properties of an object to be examined and contrast medium X-ray phase-contrast measurement
Est. expiryJun 27, 2027(~1 yrs left)· nominal 20-yr term from priority
Inventors:BAUMANN JOACHIMDAVID CHRISTIANENGELHARDT MARTINFREUDENBERGER JOERGHEMPEL ECKHARDHOHEISEL MARTINHONAL MATTHIASMERTELMEIER THOMASPFEIFFER FRANZPOPESCU STEFANSCHUSTER MANFRED
A61K 49/0414G01N 2223/303G01N 23/20G21K 2207/005A61B 6/484
92
PatentIndex Score
22
Cited by
21
References
22
Claims
Abstract
A method and a measurement system are disclosed for the noninvasive determination of properties of an object to be examined and to the use of a contrast medium for X-ray phase-contrast measurement. in at least one embodiment of the invention, a mixture (suspension) consisting of a base liquid and a multiplicity of particles contained therein is used, the refractive index of the base liquid being different to the refractive index of the particles.
Claims
exact text as granted — not AI-modified1. A measurement system for the noninvasive determination of at least one of properties of an object to be examined, processes in an object to be examined and states in an object to be examined by determining the relative phase shift of at least two neighboring coherent X-ray beams which pass through the object to be examined on a defined path, the system comprising:
an X-ray source which indirectly or directly generates the at least two mutually coherent X-ray beams with a wavelength λ;
a detector system, arranged at a distance z 1 from the object to be examined and suitable for determining the relative phase shift Φ of the at least two X-ray beams; and
a phase-contrast contrast medium consisting of a base liquid and a multiplicity of particles contained therein, the refractive index n B of the base liquid being different to the refractive index n P of the particles.
2. The measurement system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the object to be examined includes a space to be observed, which has an internal width L in the propagation direction of the measurement beams, and an average radius r which satisfies the geometrical relation
r
>>
2
λ
z
1
L
2
4
is selected for the particles in the phase-contrast contrast medium.
3. The measurement system as claimed in claim 2 , wherein an average particle radius r is selected which satisfies the following geometrical relation:
2
r
=
κ
λ
δ
P
-
δ
B
,
where κ can take a value range of from 1% to 99%, and δ P and δ B respectively correspond to the real decrements of the refractive indices n P and n B .
4. The measurement system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein an average particle radius r is selected which satisfies the following geometrical relation:
2
r
=
κ
λ
δ
P
-
δ
B
,
where k is a value range of from 1% to 99%, and δ P and δ B respectively correspond to the real decrements of the refractive indices n P and n B .
5. The measurement system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the particles are convexly designed.
6. The measurement system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the particles are designed as solid spheres.
7. The measurement system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the particles are designed as cylinders.
8. The measurement system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the particles are designed as polyhedra.
9. The measurement system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the particles have an outer cladding and a core, respectively with different refractive indices.
10. The measurement system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the X-ray source and the detector are arranged statically relative to the object to be examined.
11. The measurement system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the X-ray source and the detector are arranged rotatably relative to the object to be examined.
12. The measurement system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the detector is designed flatly and includes a multiplicity of individual detector elements.
13. A contrast medium for use in an X-ray contrast measurement, comprising:
a base liquid and a multiplicity of particles contained therein, the refractive index n B of the base liquid being different to the refractive Index n P of the particles, wherein
a particle size is provided which satisfies the following geometrical relation
2
r
=
κ
λ
δ
P
-
δ
B
,
where r is the parameter radius, k is a value range of from 1% to 99%, and δ P and δ B respectively correspond to the real decrements of the refractive indices n P and n B and λ represents the wavelength of the X-radiation being used.
14. A method, comprising:
using a contrast medium for X-ray phase-contrast measurement, the contrast medium consisting of a base liquid and a multiplicity of particles contained therein, the refractive index n B of the base liquid being different to the refractive index n P of the particles, wherein
a particle size is used which satisfies the following geometrical relation
2
r
=
κ
λ
δ
P
-
δ
B
,
where r is the parameter radius, k is a value range of from 1% to 99%, and δ P and δ B respectively correspond to the real decrements of the refractive indices n P and n B and λ represents the wavelength of the X-radiation being used.
15. The method according to claim 14 , wherein the object to be examined includes a space to be observed, which has an internal width L in the direction of the measurement beams, and particles with an average radius r which satisfies the geometrical relation
r
>>
2
λ
z
1
L
2
4
are used in the particles in the phase-contrast contrast medium.
16. The method according to claim 14 , wherein the particles are convexly designed.
17. The method according to claim 14 , wherein the particles are designed as solid spheres.
18. The method according to claim 14 , wherein the particles are designed as cylinders.
19. The method according to claim 14 , wherein the particles are designed as polyhedra.
20. The method according to claim 14 , wherein the particles have an outer cladding and a core, respectively with different refractive indices.
21. The method according to claim 14 , wherein the object to be examined includes a space to be observed, which has an internal width L in the direction of the measurement beams, and particles with an average radius r which satisfies the geometrical relation
r
>>
2
λ
z
1
L
2
4
are used in the particles in the phase-contrast contrast medium.
22. A method for the noninvasive determination of at least one of properties of an object to be examined, processes in an object to be examined and states in an object to be examined by determining the relative phase shift of at least two neighboring coherent X-ray beams which pass through the object to be examined on a defined path, the method comprising:
applying a contrast medium, consisting of a suspension with a base liquid and a multiplicity of particles contained therein, into the object to be examined, the refractive index of the base liquid being different to the refractive index of the particles;
generating at least two mutually coherent X-ray beams with a wavelength with the aid of an X-ray source and propagating them through the object to be examined, including the applied contrast medium; and
determining a relative phase shift of the at least two X-ray beams, when they pass through the object to be examined and through the particles in the contrast medium, using a detector system, arranged at a distance from the object to be examined.Cited by (0)
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