Ophthalmologic characteristic measuring apparatus

Abstract

Disclosed is an apparatus for precisely measuring optical characteristics of an eye to be examined, particularly an ophthalmologic characteristic measuring apparatus capable of observing a front portion of the eye as well as measuring optical characteristic of an irregular astigmatism component. The apparatus includes a first illuminating optical system, a first receiving optical system, a first converting member, a first light receiving unit, a second illuminating optical system, a second light receiving optical system, a second light receiving unit, and an arithmetic unit. The first illuminating optical system illuminates convergently a portion near the center of curvature of the cornea of an eye to be examined with first illuminating light rays emitted from a first illuminating light source. The first receiving optical system receives the first illuminating light rays reflected back from the cornea of the eye. The first converting member converts the reflected light rays into at least seventeen beams. The first light receiving unit receives a plurality of light beams converted by the first converting member. The second illuminating optical system projects an index having a specific pattern on the cornea of the eye with second illuminating light rays emitted from a second illuminating light source. The second light receiving optical system receives light rays reflected back from the cornea of the eye. The second light receiving unit receives the second illuminating light rays from the second light receiving optical system. The arithmetic unit determines the shape of the cornea near the center of the eye on the basis of an inclination angle of the light rays obtained by the first light receiving unit, and determines the shape of the cornea at the periphery of the eye on the basis of a position of the second light receiving unit, at which position the second light receiving unit receives the second illuminating light rays.

1. An ophthalmologic characteristic measuring apparatus comprising:
 a first light source for emitting light rays having a first wavelength;  
 a first illuminating optical system for illuminating convergently a portion near the center of curvature of the cornea of an eye to be examined with first illuminating light rays emitted from said first light source;  
 a first receiving optical system for receiving the first illuminating light rays reflected back from the cornea of the eye;  
 a first converting member for converting the reflected light rays into at least seventeen beams;  
 a first light receiving unit for receiving a plurality of light beams converted by said first converting member;  
 a second light source for emitting light rays having a second wavelength;  
 a second illuminating optical system for projecting an index having a specific pattern on the cornea of the eye with second illuminating light rays emitted from said second light source;  
 a second light receiving optical system for receiving light rays reflected back from the cornea of the eye;  
 a second light receiving unit for receiving the second illuminating light rays from said second light receiving optical system; and  
 an arithmetic unit for determining the shape of the cornea near the center of the eye on the basis of an inclination angle of the light rays obtained by said first light receiving unit and determining the shape of the cornea at the periphery of the eye on the basis of a position of said second light receiving unit, at which position said second light receiving unit receives the second illuminating light rays.  
 
     
     
       2. An ophthalmologic characteristic measuring apparatus according to  claim 1 , wherein said second illuminating optical system is configured to project a Placido's disc composed of a plurality of concentric rings as said index having the specific pattern, and said second light receiving optical system includes an objective lens with a telecentric diaphragm arranged at a focal point of said objective lens on the objective side. 
     
     
       3. An ophthalmologic characteristic measuring apparatus according to  claim 1  or  2 , wherein a first illumination region in the vicinity of the cornea of the eye, from which region the first illuminating light rays are reflected and received by said first light receiving optical system is adjacent or overlapped to a second illumination region in the vicinity of the cornea of the eye, from which region the second illuminating light rays are reflected and received by said second light receiving optical system. 
     
     
       4. An ophthalmologic characteristic measuring apparatus according to any one of  claims   1  to  3   or  2 , further comprising:
 a third light source for emitting light rays having a third wavelength different from the first and second wavelengths;  
 a third illuminating optical system for illuminating a minute region on the retina of the eye with light rays emitted from said third light source;  
 a third light receiving optical system for receiving light rays reflected back from the retina of the eye;  
 a second converting member for converting the reflected light rays into at least seventeen beams; and  
 a third light receiving unit for receiving a plurality of light rays converted by said second converting members;  
 wherein said arithmetic unit determines optical characteristics of the eye on the basis of an inclination angle of the light rays obtained by said third light receiving unit.  
 
     
     
       5. An ophthalmologic characteristic measuring apparatus comprising:
   a corneal light source for emitting light rays having a desired wavelength onto the cornea of the eye;        a corneal illuminating optical system for projecting an index having a specific pattern on the cornea of the eye with illuminating light rays emitted from said corneal light source;        a corneal light receiving optical system for receiving light rays reflected back from the cornea of the eye;        a corneal light receiving unit for receiving the corneal illuminating light rays from said corneal light receiving optical system;        a retinal light source for emitting light rays on a region of the retina and having a wavelength different from the wavelength of the corneal light source;        a retinal illuminating optical system for illuminating a minute region on the retina of the eye with light rays emitted from said retinal light source;        a retinal light receiving optical system for receiving light rays reflected back from the retina of the eye;        a retinal converting member for converting the reflected light rays from the retinal into at least seventeen beams; and        a retinal light receiving unit for receiving a plurality of light rays converted by said retinal converting member;        an arithmetic unit for determining the shape of the cornea of the eye on the basis of a position of said corneal light receiving unit and determining the optical characteristics of the eye on the basis of an inclination angle of the light rays obtained by the retinal light receiving unit.      
     
     
       6. A ophthalmologic characteristic measuring apparatus according to  claim 1 , wherein said first source is selected from the group consisting of a superluminescent diode and a laser which emits light having a high spatial coherence and a high temporal coherence and wherein a rotary diffuser is inserted in an optical path in order to lower the temporal coherence.  
     
     
       7. An ophthalmologic characteristic measuring apparatus according to  claim 5 , wherein said corneal light source is a superluminescent diode.  
     
     
       8. An ophthalmologic characteristic measuring apparatus according to  claim 5 , wherein said retinal light source is selected from the group consisting of a superluminescent diode and a laser which emits light having a high spatial coherence and a high temporal coherence and wherein a rotary diffuser is inserted in an optical path to lower the temporal coherence.