Anomaly detection using image-based physical characterization

Abstract

An aspect of the invention includes reading a scale in image data representing an image of physical characteristics and resizing at least a portion of the image data to align with target image data representing a target image based at least in part on the scale to form resized image data representing one or more resized images. Noise reduction is applied to the resized image data to produce test image data representing one or more test images. A best fit analysis is performed on the test image data with respect to the target image data. Test image data having the best fit are stored with training image data representing classification training images indicative of one or more recognized features. An anomaly in unclassified image data representing an unclassified image is identified based at least in part on an anomaly detector as trained using the classification training images.

What is claimed is: 
     
       1. A computer-implemented method for anomaly detection, the method comprising:
 reading, by a processor, a scale in image data representing an image of a plurality of physical characteristics; 
 resizing, by the processor, at least a portion of the image data to align with target image data representing a target image of one or more structures based at least in part on the scale to form resized image data representing one or more resized images; 
 applying, by the processor, noise reduction to the resized image data to produce test image data representing one or more test images by performing edge detection with filtering to identify a plurality of features comprising one or more of the physical characteristics that are at least partially observable in the resized image data and applying two or more different colors to the plurality of features through re-coloring to convert the resized image data into smoothed color image data to highlight the plurality of features; 
 performing, by the processor, a best fit analysis on the test image data with respect to the target image data; 
 storing the test image data of at least one of the test images having a best fit with training image data representing a plurality of classification training images indicative of one or more recognized features; and 
 identifying an anomaly in unclassified image data representing an unclassified image based at least in part on an anomaly detector as trained using the classification training images. 
 
     
     
       2. The computer-implemented method of  claim 1 , wherein the anomaly detector is trained for structural and defect recognition using machine learning based at least in part on the training image data representing the classification training images. 
     
     
       3. The computer-implemented method of  claim 1 , wherein the scale is determined by reading pixel data of the image data into a two-dimensional matrix, dissecting the two-dimensional matrix to retain a portion of the image data expected to graphically depict scaling information, and analyzing the portion of the image data expected to graphically depict scaling information. 
     
     
       4. The computer-implemented method of  claim 3 , wherein analyzing the portion of the image data expected to graphically depict scaling information comprises building a training set of data to recognize a plurality of different legend labels. 
     
     
       5. The computer-implemented method of  claim 1 , further comprising:
 extracting, by the processor, a plurality of image cuts from the image data by identifying a central portion of the image and randomly selecting a plurality of image blocks in proximity to the central portion of the image. 
 
     
     
       6. The computer-implemented method of  claim 5 , wherein resizing at least a portion of the image data comprises selecting a size of the image blocks to match a pixel count of the target image data. 
     
     
       7. The computer-implemented method of  claim 1 , wherein the resized image data comprise gray-scale image data representing one or more gray-scale images. 
     
     
       8. The computer-implemented method of  claim 1 , wherein performing the best fit analysis on the test image data with respect to the target image data comprises:
 determining a difference value between the test image data and the target image data; 
 incrementally rotating either the test image data or the target image data and determining the difference value after rotation; and 
 identifying the best fit as the test image data representing one of the test images having a lowest difference value in comparison to the target image data after rotation. 
 
     
     
       9. A computer program product for anomaly detection, the computer program product comprising:
 a non-transitory computer readable storage medium readable by a processing circuit and storing program instructions for execution by the processing circuit for performing:
 reading a scale in image data representing an image of a plurality of physical characteristics; 
 resizing at least a portion of the image data to align with target image data representing a target image of one or more structures based at least in part on the scale to form resized image data representing one or more resized images; 
 applying noise reduction to the resized image data to produce test image data representing one or more test images by performing edge detection with filtering to identify a plurality of features comprising one or more of the physical characteristics that are at least partially observable in the resized image data and applying two or more different colors to the plurality of features through re-coloring to convert the resized image data into smoothed color image data to highlight the plurality of features; 
 performing a best fit analysis on the test image data with respect to the target image data; 
 storing the test image data of at least one of the test images having a best fit with training image data representing a plurality of classification training images indicative of one or more recognized features; and 
 identifying an anomaly in unclassified image data representing an unclassified image based at least in part on an anomaly detector as trained using the classification training images. 
 
 
     
     
       10. The computer program product of  claim 9 , wherein the anomaly detector is trained for structural and defect recognition using machine learning based at least in part on the training image data representing the classification training images. 
     
     
       11. The computer program product of  claim 9 , wherein the scale is determined by reading pixel data of the image data into a two-dimensional matrix, dissecting the two-dimensional matrix to retain a portion of the image data expected to graphically depict scaling information, and analyzing the portion of the image data expected to graphically depict scaling information. 
     
     
       12. The computer program product of  claim 11 , wherein analyzing the portion of the image data expected to graphically depict scaling information comprises building a training set of data to recognize a plurality of different legend labels. 
     
     
       13. The computer program product of  claim 9 , wherein the program instructions are further executable to cause the processing circuit to:
 extract a plurality of image cuts from the image data by identifying a central portion of the image and randomly selecting a plurality of image blocks in proximity to the central portion of the image. 
 
     
     
       14. The computer program product of  claim 9 , wherein the resized image data comprise gray-scale image data representing one or more gray-scale images. 
     
     
       15. The computer program product of  claim 9 , wherein performing the best fit analysis on the test image data with respect to the target image data comprises:
 determining a difference value between the test image data and the target image data; 
 incrementally rotating either the test image data or the target image data and determining the difference value after rotation; and 
 identifying the best fit as the test image data representing one of the test images having a lowest difference value in comparison to the target image data after rotation. 
 
     
     
       16. A processing system for anomaly detection, comprising:
 one or more types of memory; and 
 at least one processor communicatively coupled with the one or more types of memory, the at least one processor configured to:
 read a scale in image data representing an image of a plurality of physical characteristics; 
 resize at least a portion of the image data to align with target image data representing a target image of one or more structures based at least in part on the scale to form resized image data representing one or more resized images; 
 apply noise reduction to the resized image data to produce test image data representing one or more test images by performing edge detection with filtering to identify a plurality of features comprising one or more of the physical characteristics that are at least partially observable in the resized image data and applying two or more different colors to the plurality of features through re-coloring to convert the resized image data into smoothed color image data to highlight the plurality of features; 
 perform a best fit analysis on the test image data with respect to the target image data; 
 store the test image data of at least one of the test images having a best fit with training image data representing a plurality of classification training images indicative of one or more recognized features; and
 identify an anomaly in unclassified image data representing an unclassified image based at least in part on an anomaly detector as trained using the classification training images. 
 
 
 
     
     
       17. The processing system of  claim 16 , wherein the anomaly detector is trained for structural and defect recognition using machine learning based at least in part on the training image data representing the classification training images. 
     
     
       18. The processing system of  claim 16 , wherein the at least one processor is configured to extract a plurality of image cuts from the image data by identifying a central portion of the image and randomly selecting a plurality of image blocks in proximity to the central portion of the image. 
     
     
       19. The processing system of  claim 16 , wherein the resized image data comprise gray-scale image data representing one or more gray-scale images. 
     
     
       20. The processing system of  claim 16 , wherein the best fit analysis performed on the test image data with respect to the target image data is determined by:
 determining a difference value between the test image data and the target image data; 
 incrementally rotating either the test image data or the target image data and determining the difference value after rotation; and 
 identifying the best fit as the test image data representing one of the test images having a lowest difference value in comparison to the target image data after rotation.